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Article
Publication date: 6 June 2023

Gazi Mizanur Rahman

The British East India Company (EIC) made connections between the Malay Archipelago and Bengal and established a penal settlement at Bencoolen, followed by the Straits Settlements…

739

Abstract

Purpose

The British East India Company (EIC) made connections between the Malay Archipelago and Bengal and established a penal settlement at Bencoolen, followed by the Straits Settlements for the Indian convicts. The convicts from different parts of South Asia today were generally described as “Indian”, such generalisation often hides the identity of specific convicts from South Asia. Among the Indian convicts, the Bengalis were transported to Bencoolen and the Straits Settlements. However, the generic term has made it difficult to reconstruct the history of Bengali convicts’ experiences and pathos. Therefore, this paper attempts to “rediscover” the afterlife of transportation of Bengali felons in the Malay Peninsula.

Design/methodology/approach

By examining a range of archival records and current scholarships, this article shows the inclusivity, diversity and accessibility of convict labourers with mainstream society. This study will open up a new avenue of convict histories and subaltern studies on Asia.

Findings

The Bengali convicts in the Straits Settlements, one of the oldest migrant sections, have largely been ignored in historical literature. Though the Bengalis, among other South Asian convicts, constituted a significant portion, they were categorised under the generic term “Indian” (Rai, 2014). Their manual labour was invaluable for the colonial economy and the development of the Straits Settlements.

Research limitations/implications

Researcher faced difficulties to get the descendant of Bengali convicts.

Originality/value

This article is a research paper based on mostly archival records; therefore, it is an original contribution to the existing knowledge on the convict history.

Details

Southeast Asia: A Multidisciplinary Journal, vol. 23 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1819-5091

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Article
Publication date: 1 July 1972

D.A. Bayliss

Metal sprayed coatings, mainly zinc, are used within the CEGB for important steel structures requiring maintenance‐free protection. To the author's knowledge the very few failures…

23

Abstract

Metal sprayed coatings, mainly zinc, are used within the CEGB for important steel structures requiring maintenance‐free protection. To the author's knowledge the very few failures experienced have been obviously linked to a very poor, or even non‐existent, standard of surface preparation. For example, areas of intact millscale were found beneath the metal coating.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 19 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 1 December 1979

D.A Bayliss

Any suggestion that the use of instruments in the inspection of painting and its allied operation of surface preparation is a substitute for the visual and critical inspection…

27

Abstract

Any suggestion that the use of instruments in the inspection of painting and its allied operation of surface preparation is a substitute for the visual and critical inspection carried out by an inspector experienced in the work involved would be a serious disservice to the quality control of painting. Broadly speaking, the experienced inspector knows the problems associated with achieving a predetermined result, he knows how the operator may react to problems of access and other difficulties and is familiar with the short cuts that are sometimes taken. He can, by concentrating his attention on these higher risk areas, do much to prevent bad work and to eliminate the premature breakdown which too frequently mars the finished job. As each successive operation will tend to obscure any faults in the work already done, it is only when the inspector is at hand to see the work actually in progress, and at the completion of each stage, that a sufficiently high degree of security is achieved. This said, it must be added that it is only in conjunction with the use of instruments that the quality of the work can be correctly assessed. In fact the case for the introduction of instrumentation into painting quality control is particularly strong. But great care is required in the interpretation of individual measurements. Many of the tests for physical properties of the dry paint film are empirical, and need to be carried out under controlled conditions if reproducible results are to be obtained.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 26 no. 12
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 27 May 2014

Adnan S. Jabur

This work aimed to study the effect of environment resistivity and distance between cathode and anode on the required cathodic protection current density of buried carbon steel…

207

Abstract

Purpose

This work aimed to study the effect of environment resistivity and distance between cathode and anode on the required cathodic protection current density of buried carbon steel pipes and determine the impressed current that gives full protection to bare and coated pipes by two different coatings.

Design/methodology/approach

The experimental apparatus is an electrochemical cell composed of carbon steel pipe of 10 cm in length as a working electrode in addition to reference and auxiliary electrodes and direct current power supply. The cathodic protection tests were carried out in five solutions of different concentrations of sodium chloride and distilled water with different resistivities.

Findings

It was found that the cathodic protection current density increased with a decrease in environment resistivity and increase in the distance between cathode and anode. Additionally, the cathodic protection current density of coated pipes by two different polymers increased with a decrease in the environment resistivity and increasing number of coating defects.

Originality/value

icp = D/A + B?2, where: icp = cathodic protection current density; D = distance between anode and cathode; ? = environment resistivity; A = constant (0.2104); and B = constant (0.864 × 10−6).

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 61 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 2003

D. de la Fuente, B. Chico and M. Morcillo

The presence of soluble salts, especially chlorides and sulphates, at the metal/paint interface usually causes premature deterioration of the paint system. In practice, soluble…

841

Abstract

The presence of soluble salts, especially chlorides and sulphates, at the metal/paint interface usually causes premature deterioration of the paint system. In practice, soluble salts are found heterogeneously distributed in the steel corrosion products layer and are frequently located at the base steel/rust layer interface. However, in most of the research studies carried out with the aim of establishing critical concentration levels for different paint systems, panels have been prepared by dosing the saline contaminant in an uniform way across flat and unrusted steel surfaces. In order to resolve this problem, an attempt has been made to reproduce the atmospheric corrosion process of steel in environments contaminated with SO2 and Cl, using a salt fog cabinet for the case of chlorides, and a Kesternich type cabinet for sulphates.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 50 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 7 June 2021

Sandra Seno-Alday and Amanda Budde-Sung

This paper aims to explore the impact of differences in educational traditions on conventions of teaching and learning, and on the measurement of learning outcomes. These are…

1272

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to explore the impact of differences in educational traditions on conventions of teaching and learning, and on the measurement of learning outcomes. These are critical issues within the context of business schools that are steeped in one dominant tradition but have a large population of international students previously educated in other traditions. The paper argues that international students face the challenge of satisfactorily demonstrating learning according to foreign conventions that are different from what they would have been accustomed to within the framework of their home educational tradition.

Design/methodology/approach

This study draws on a bilingual literature review to capture differences in educational traditions between Australia and China. It then uses logistic regression to analyze the performance of 800 domestic and international Chinese students across a range of different assessment formats at a large Australian business school.

Findings

The study finds statistically significant differences in the performance of these two student groups on different assessment types. It concludes that the conventions on approaches to the assessment of learning shaped by a specific educational tradition can hamper the effective demonstration of learning among students from other educational traditions.

Originality/value

The paper focuses on issues related to the assessment of learning in multicultural higher education contexts, which has received less attention in the literature compared to issues on teaching approaches in multicultural contexts. The paper also highlights important implications on the validity of the measurement of learning outcomes and on the subsequent impact on graduate recruitment.

Details

Journal of International Education in Business, vol. 15 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2046-469X

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Article
Publication date: 30 June 2021

Hongze Yang, Zeyu Peng, Xitong Guo and Kee-Hung Lai

The purpose of this study is to identify patient experience unique to online pharmacy services (OPS) based on the characteristics of OPS (i.e. interactivity and virtuality) and to…

970

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to identify patient experience unique to online pharmacy services (OPS) based on the characteristics of OPS (i.e. interactivity and virtuality) and to reveal how patient experience is derived from OPS and thereby enhances patient adherence from both online social support and patient experience perspectives.

Design/methodology/approach

The Stimulus-Organism-Response framework was used to conceptualize this study; both primary and secondary data for 296 validated participants were collected on a real OPS platform. A structural equation modeling approach combined with partial least squares was employed for the quantitative analysis.

Findings

Social presence and user engagement can be identified as patient experience in the OPS context; online emotional support has a stronger association with patients' social presence than it does with patients' user engagement; patients' social presence has a stronger association with their medication adherence than it does with diet adherence, while patients' user engagement has a stronger association with their diet adherence than it does with medication adherence; patients' medication knowledge negatively moderates the relationship between user engagement and diet adherence.

Originality/value

This study identifies patient experience in accordance with unique characteristics of OPS, and it reveals the nuanced underlying mechanisms by which online social support is associated with patient experience and by which patients' experience is associated with their adherence. This study enriches the literature on patient adherence, patient experience and OPS, providing insights for healthcare providers, OPS designers and policymakers.

Details

Internet Research, vol. 31 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1066-2243

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Article
Publication date: 29 December 2021

Daniele Binci, Gabriele Palozzi and Francesco Scafarto

Digital transformation (DT) is a priority for the healthcare sector. In many countries, it is still considered in the early stages with an underestimation of its benefits and…

1763

Abstract

Purpose

Digital transformation (DT) is a priority for the healthcare sector. In many countries, it is still considered in the early stages with an underestimation of its benefits and potentiality. Especially in Italy, little is known about the impact of digitalization – particularly of the Internet of Things (IoT) – on the healthcare sector, for example, in terms of clinician's jobs and patient's experience. Drawing from such premises, the paper aims to focus on an overlooked healthcare area related to the chronic heart diseases field and its relationship with DT. The authors aim at exploring and framing the main variables of remote Monitoring (RM) adoption as a specific archetype of healthcare digitalization, both on patients and medical staff level, by shedding some lights on its overall implementation.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors empirically inquiry the RM adoption within the context of the Cardiology Department of the Casilino General Hospital of Rome. To answer our research question, the authors reconstruct the salient information by using induction-type reasoning, direct observation and interviewees with 12 key informants, as well as secondary sources analysis related to the hospital (internal documentation, presentations and technical reports).

Findings

According to a socio-technical framework, the authors build a model composed of five main variables related to medical staff and patients. The authors classify such variables into an input-process-output (I-P-O) model. RM adoption driver represents the input; cultural digital divide, structure flexibility and reaction to change serve the process and finally, RM outcome stands for the output. All these factors, interacting together, contribute to understanding the RM adoption process for chronic disease management.

Research limitations/implications

The authors' research presents two main limitations. The first one is related to using a qualitative method, which is less reliable in terms of replication and the interpretive role of researchers. The second limitation, connected to the first one, is related to the study's scale level, which focuses on a mono-centric consistent level of analysis.

Practical implications

The paper offers a clear understanding of the RM attributes and a comprehensive view for improving the overall quality management of chronic diseases by suggesting that clinicians carefully evaluate both hard and soft variables when undertaking RM adoption decisions.

Social implications

RM technologies could impact on society both in ordinary situations, by preventing patient mobility issues and transport costs, and in extraordinary times (such as a pandemic), where telemedicine contributes to supporting hospitals in swapping in-person visits with remote controls, in order to minimize the risk of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) contagion or the spread of the virus.

Originality/value

The study enriches the knowledge and understanding of RM adoption within the healthcare sector. From a theoretical perspective, the authors contribute to the healthcare DT adoption debate by focusing on the main variables contributing to the DT process by considering both medical staff and patient's role. From a managerial perspective, the authors highlight the main issues for RM of chronic disease management to enable the transition toward its adoption. Such issues range from the need for awareness of the medical staff about RM advantages to the need for adapting the organizational structure and the training and education process of the patients.

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Article
Publication date: 29 August 2022

Shaheema Hameed and Abhinav Nigam

India is a rapidly developing economy with a rapidly expending internet infrastructure and among the largest Generation Z population. This generation is tech savvy and the access…

1031

Abstract

Purpose

India is a rapidly developing economy with a rapidly expending internet infrastructure and among the largest Generation Z population. This generation is tech savvy and the access to technology and network creates a conducive environment for such usage. Internet banking for the same reasons is growing leaps and bounds. The introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) has created disruptions in the traditional banking also. This paper aims to analyze the comfort level and usage of AI-enabled banking services by Generation Z.

Design/methodology/approach

The data is collected from 272 Generation Z members. The differential aspects, that is, the relationship of independent variables with dependent variables (AI-enabled internet banking), were analyzed using the structural equation modeling approach.

Findings

Defining factors for AI-enabled internet banking were identified. The results of factors were consistent with previous studies. It was found that the usage of AI-enabled internet banking services is insignificant, indicating that Generation Z does not perceive any advantage in using AI-enabled internet banking services.

Research limitations/implications

This paper does not incorporate age groups other than Generation Z. Further research could throw light on the difference based on age groups. Further research is required to deeply understand why Generation Z does not perceive AI-enabled internet services as very important.

Practical implications

It has been observed that internet banking is important for Generation Z, but they also place greater importance on interpersonal communication. Banks need to consider this in designing their internet banking services.

Originality/value

This paper addresses the gap between comfort with and usage of AI-enabled internet banking services, by Generation Z. This paper indicates that the comfort with AI-enabled internet banking services does not translate to usage.

Details

foresight, vol. 25 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1463-6689

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 2004

Federico Barbagli, Kenneth Salisbury and Roman Devengenzo

This paper describes a series of kinematic and haptic analyses which lead to the design of a particularly simple, yet useful multi‐hand, multi‐finger haptic interface. The…

577

Abstract

This paper describes a series of kinematic and haptic analyses which lead to the design of a particularly simple, yet useful multi‐hand, multi‐finger haptic interface. The proposed device is desktop‐based and has been built with maximizing transparency in mind. By interacting with virtual environments, using two fingers per hand, users are able to grasp and manipulate virtual objects, something that current state‐of‐the‐art commercial desktop haptic devices do not allow. These additional capabilities lend themselves to more complex virtual reality and teleoperation applications such as surgical training, hand rehabilitation and nanomanipulation.

Details

Sensor Review, vol. 24 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0260-2288

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