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Article
Publication date: 8 June 2012

J. Nescolarde‐Selva, F. Vives‐Maciá, J.L. Usó‐Doménech and D. Berend

Deontical impure systems are systems whose object set is formed by an s‐impure set, whose elements are perceptuales significances (relative beings) of material and/or energetic…

135

Abstract

Purpose

Deontical impure systems are systems whose object set is formed by an s‐impure set, whose elements are perceptuales significances (relative beings) of material and/or energetic objects (absolute beings) and whose relational set is freeways of relations, formed by sheaves of relations going in two‐way directions. Objects and freeways form chains.

Design/methodology/approach

The approach used was mathematical and logical development of human society structure.

Findings

Existence of relations with positive imperative modality (obligation) would constitute the skeleton of the system. Negative imperative modality (prohibition) would be the immunological system of protection of the system. Modality permission the muscular system, that gives the necessary flexibility to the system, in as much to the modality faculty its neurocerebral system, because it allows one to make decisions. Transactions of energy, money, merchandise, population, etc. would be the equivalent one to the sanguineous system. These economic transactions and inferential relations, depend, as well, on the existence of a legislative body with their obligations, prohibitions and permissions that regulate them.

Originality/value

This paper is a continuation of Part I, published in Kybernetes, Volume 41, Issue 1/2, 2012, continuing the development of Alysidal Algebra, which is important for the study of deontical impure systems. They are defined coupling functions and alysidal structures. It is defined as a special coupling function denominated gnorpsic function that can be used for algebraic operations between alysidal sets.

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Book part
Publication date: 10 December 2018

Felipe A. Csaszar

An emerging management trend is to use the “wisdom of the crowd” to make decisions traditionally made by the top management alone. Research on this phenomenon has focused mainly…

Abstract

An emerging management trend is to use the “wisdom of the crowd” to make decisions traditionally made by the top management alone. Research on this phenomenon has focused mainly on the capacity of crowds to generate ideas, but much less is known about a crowd’s capacity to select ideas. To study crowd-based idea selection in firms, this chapter develops a mathematical model of a crowd that makes decisions by majority voting. The model takes into account contingencies that are of particular importance to firms, namely: the size of the population from which the crowd is drawn, the distribution of accuracy among members of the population, and the firm’s ability to recruit the population’s most accurate individuals. The results show that: (1) under relatively common conditions, increasing the size of the crowd may actually reduce performance; (2) near-optimal performance can usually be achieved by a much smaller crowd than the one required to achieve optimal performance; (3) determining the best crowd size depends critically on the firm’s ability to recruit “accurate” individuals; and (4) good performance does not require large crowds unless all population members exhibit low levels of accuracy.

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Article
Publication date: 2 March 2012

J. Nescolarde‐Selva, F. Vives‐Maciá, J.L. Usó‐Doménech and D. Berend

The purpose of this paper is to provide an introduction to alysidal algebra. Deontical impure systems are systems whose object set is formed by an s‐impure set, whose elements are…

289

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide an introduction to alysidal algebra. Deontical impure systems are systems whose object set is formed by an s‐impure set, whose elements are perceptuales significances (relative beings) of material and/or energetic objects (absolute beings) and whose relational set is freeways of relations, formed by sheaves of relations going in two‐way directions. Objects and freeways form chains.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper looks at the mathematical and logical development of human society structure.

Findings

Existence of relations with positive imperative modality (obligation) would constitute the skeleton of the system. Negative imperative modality (prohibition) would be the immunological system of protection of the system. Modality permission the muscular system, that gives the necessary flexibility to the system, in as much to the modality faculty its neurocerebral system, because it allows him to make decisions. Transactions of energy, money, merchandise, population, etc. would be the equivalent one to the sanguineous system. These economic transactions and inferential relations, depend, as well, on the existence of a legislative body with their obligations, prohibitions and permissions that regulate them.

Originality/value

The concepts of alysidal set are introduced, whose elements are chains and coupling function between alysidal sets. Environment is formed as well by different DIS. That is to say, by an alysidal set whose elements are simultaneously systems. Specific interchanges (stimulus‐response) leave certain nodes and act on certain nodes of the alysidal sets (stimulus environment‐DIS‐response environment). The paper defines a special coupling function, denominated gnorpsic function, that can be used for algebraic operations between alysidal sets.

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Article
Publication date: 15 February 2021

Amruta Joglekar-Athavale and Ganapti S. Shankarling

The review glances upon the colorants used for printing on ceramic substrates by ink jet technology and techniques, chemistry involved during the selection of the colorants.

275

Abstract

Purpose

The review glances upon the colorants used for printing on ceramic substrates by ink jet technology and techniques, chemistry involved during the selection of the colorants.

Design/methodology/approach

The ink jet technology is an easy and a convenient technique, specially designed colorants are used for such applications with tailor made properties and features.

Findings

New developments in technology and chemistry of colorants to achieve successes in application studies of ceramic substrates.

Research limitations/implications

N/A.

Practical implications

This review glances upon the history, development and practical approach of the current techniques with available dyes and pigments and the techniques involved during the synthesis and application.

Originality/value

The review paper provides information about the development of the inkjet technique on ceramics and available colorants with methods.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 51 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

Keywords

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Book part
Publication date: 3 February 2015

Ching-Chung Kuo

This chapter sets out to survey the traditional plane boarding strategies employed by major airlines in the commercial aviation industry. It then reviews the simulation-based and…

Abstract

This chapter sets out to survey the traditional plane boarding strategies employed by major airlines in the commercial aviation industry. It then reviews the simulation-based and analytical approaches to getting passengers on an aircraft in the existing literature before zeroing in on the latter. A new integer program is proposed to minimize the time required to eliminate the interferences among all passengers when boarding a flight so that the plane can take off as soon as possible. The mathematical model is subsequently put to test in an example involving a hypothetical small aircraft, and the results show that it is more efficient as well as more flexible than those proposed in other studies. Other ways to shorten the enplaning time are also discussed. The contributions of the present work and several directions for future research are described in the conclusions.

Details

Applications of Management Science
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78441-211-1

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 30 June 2020

José Luis Usó Doménech, Josué Antonio Nescolarde-Selva, Miguel Lloret-Climent, Kristian Alonso and Hugh Gash

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate mathematically the impossibility of achieving a utopian society. Demonstrate that any attempt to correct deviations from a hypothetical…

196

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate mathematically the impossibility of achieving a utopian society. Demonstrate that any attempt to correct deviations from a hypothetical trajectory whose ultimate goal is the utopia, increasingly demands more work, including measures that lead to terror, which may even be absolute, leading to the horrible paradox that in seeking paradise hell is constructed.

Design/methodology/approach

Scientific tools that the authors have used are: the theory of the system linkage, alysidal algebra, kinematic theory and vector analysis.

Findings

Myths are the substrate of some complex systems of beliefs and utopia is its ultimate goal. The use of the combination of the theory of trajectories, belonging to the alysidal algebra, the theorem of unintended effects and kinematics theory provides an approximation to deviations suffering utopian ideological currents and their corrections.

Originality/value

This paper is a continuation of other previous papers developing the theory of complex societies.

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Article
Publication date: 15 June 2010

Robert Schwartz, Avner Wolf and Jacob Paroush

Empirical researchers should recognize that opening and closing prices are not simple reflections of underlying fundamental values, as studies of stock price behavior have…

1056

Abstract

Purpose

Empirical researchers should recognize that opening and closing prices are not simple reflections of underlying fundamental values, as studies of stock price behavior have documented a U‐shaped intra‐day volatility pattern that is a manifestation of noise. While implicit transaction costs and the tactical trading of informed participants are contributing factors, they do not provide a sufficient explanation. The purpose of this paper is to focus on an additional factor – price discovery and present a formulation which allows investors with divergent expectations to respond rationally to each other's valuations, and which implies elevated volatility even when information is common knowledge.

Design/methodology/approach

This is a conceptual paper with empirical implications for the dynamic process of price formation in an equity market. The work is motivated by the well‐documented finding that intra‐day stock prices are excessively volatile, especially at market openings and closings. The paper's theoretical construct shows that the volality accentuation can be attributed to the dynamic process of price discovery.

Findings

The paper's chief finding is that price discovery is a protracted, path‐dependent process in an environment characterized by divergent expectations and adaptive valuations. The protracted, path‐dependent process of price discovery can account for the observed elevation of intra‐day price volatility.

Originality/value

This is an original research paper. The formulation is a novel and innovative treatement of a divergent expectations, adaptive valuations paradigm.

Details

Managerial Finance, vol. 36 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0307-4358

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Article
Publication date: 15 March 2021

Fred Niederman

The purpose of this essay is to illustrate how project management “pull” and AI or analytics technology “push” are likely to result in incremental and disruptive evolution of…

6317

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this essay is to illustrate how project management “pull” and AI or analytics technology “push” are likely to result in incremental and disruptive evolution of project management capabilities and practices.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper is written as a critical essay reflecting the experience and reflections of the author with many ideas drawn from and extending selected items from project management, artificial intelligence (AI) and analytics literatures.

Findings

Neither AI nor sophisticated analytics is likely to elicit hands on attention from project managers, other than those producing AI or analytics-based artifacts or using these tools to create their products and services. However, through the conduit of packaged software support for project management, new tools and approaches can be expected to more effectively support current activities, to streamline or eliminate activities that can be automated, to extend current capabilities with the availability of increased data, computing capacity and mathematically based algorithms and to suggest ways to reconceive how projects are done and whether they are needed.

Research limitations/implications

This essay includes projections of possible, some likely and some unlikely, events and states that have not yet occurred. Although the hope and purpose are to alert readers to the possibilities of what may occur as logical extensions of current states, it is improbable that all such projections will come to pass at all or in the way described. Nonetheless, consideration of the future ranging from current trends, the interplay among intersecting trends and scenarios of future states can sharpen awareness of the effects of current choices regarding actions, decisions and plans improving the probability that the authors can move toward desired rather than undesired future states.

Practical implications

Project managers not involved personally with creating AI or analytics products can avoid mastering detailed skill sets in AI and analytics, but should scan for new software features and affordances that they can use enable new levels of productivity, net benefit creation and ability to sleep well at night.

Originality/value

This essay brings together AI, analytics and project management to imagine and anticipate possible directions for the evolution of the project management domain.

Details

Information Technology & People, vol. 34 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0959-3845

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 2 September 2013

Jose-Luis Usó-Domenech and Josué Antonio Nescolarde-Selva

Deontical impure systems are systems whose object set is formed by an s-impure set, whose elements are perceptuales significances (relative beings) of material and/or energetic…

76

Abstract

Purpose

Deontical impure systems are systems whose object set is formed by an s-impure set, whose elements are perceptuales significances (relative beings) of material and/or energetic objects (absolute beings) and whose relational set is freeways of relations, formed by sheaves of relations going in two-way directions and at least one of its relations has deontical properties such as permission, prohibition, obligation and faculty. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

Mathematical and logical development of human society ethical and normative structure.

Findings

Existence of relations with positive imperative modality (obligation) would constitute the skeleton of the system. Negative imperative modality (prohibition) would be the immunological system of protection of the system. Modality permission the muscular system, that gives the necessary flexibility. Four theorems have been formulated based on Gödel's theorem demonstrating the inconsistency or incompleteness of DISs. For each constructed systemic conception can happen to it one of the two following things: either some allowed responses are not produced or else some forbidden responses are produced. Responses prohibited by the system are defined as nonwished effects.

Originality/value

This paper is a continuation of the four previous papers and is developed the theory of deontical impure systems.

Details

Kybernetes, vol. 42 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0368-492X

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 25 January 2019

José Luis Usó Doménech, Josué Antonio Nescolarde-Selva, Lorena Segura-Abad and Mario Sabán

The doctrine of coincidentia oppositorum (the coincidence of opposites), the interpenetration, interdependence and unification of opposites has long been one of the defining…

96

Abstract

Purpose

The doctrine of coincidentia oppositorum (the coincidence of opposites), the interpenetration, interdependence and unification of opposites has long been one of the defining characteristics of mystical (as opposed to philosophical) thought. Mystics of various persuasions have generally held that such paradoxes are the best means of expressing within language, truths about a whole that is sundered by the very operation of language itself. Any effort, it is said, to analyze these paradoxes and provide them with logical sense is doomed from the start because logic itself rests upon assumptions, such as the principles of non-contradiction and excluded middle, that are violated by the mystical ideas.

Design/methodology/approach

Mathematical development of a dialectical logic with truth-values in a complex field.

Findings

The coincidentia oppositorum is a common trope in many religious traditions, particularly those with a mystical or initiatory aspect, and fields of knowledge such as Psychology and Quantum Physics, with wave-particle duality. The aim of this paper is to present a mathematical theory of the coincidence of opposites, and where truth-values are expressed in a complex field. A propositional coincidentia oppositorum algebra is developed.

Originality/value

Although the literature of paraconsistent logics is abundant, the authors think that this is the first time that a dialectical logic has been developed with truth-values belonging to a complex field. The impossibility of reaching an absolute truth from opposite propositions is discovered, both being true, because of the existence of irrational numbers in the truth-values.

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