Cristina Pita, Ratana Chuenpagdee and Graham J. Pierce
The purpose of this paper is to describe the fisheries governance system in the European Union (EU) and review fishers’ participation in the decision‐making process in the EU.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to describe the fisheries governance system in the European Union (EU) and review fishers’ participation in the decision‐making process in the EU.
Design/methodology/approach
The study was based on a variety of sources, such as review of the literature, including scientific articles and reports, and data collected by the Coastal Transects Analysis Model (CTAM) online decision support tool.
Findings
The review reveals major improvements in involving fishers in the decision‐making process in Europe, but participation and empowerment are still generally lacking.
Social implications
The lack of fisher participation in the decision‐making process leads to limited acceptance of management measures which in turn results in management objectives not being met, with negative effects on environmental, economic and social sustainability.
Originality/value
The paper provides a review of participation in the EU decision‐making process. The results could give management bodies an insight into the failures of participation and point to possible ways forward.
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Cristina Di Giusto Valle, María-Camino Escolar-Llamazares, Tamara de la Torre Cruz, M. Isabel Luis Rico, Carmen Palmero Cámara and Alfredo Jiménez
The efficiency of an educational program on entrepreneurial competence, Training the Potential Entrepreneur. Generation of an Educational Model for Entrepreneurial Identify…
Abstract
Purpose
The efficiency of an educational program on entrepreneurial competence, Training the Potential Entrepreneur. Generation of an Educational Model for Entrepreneurial Identify (PEIEO) is evaluated in this study.
Design/methodology/approach
Pre and post intervention tests were administered to an Experimental Group (EG) and a Control Group (CG). Moreover, four hypotheses are proposed (H1, H2, H3, H4) and tested on a sample of 1036 Spanish students. The following instruments were applied: Attitude Towards Entrepreneurship-Spanish adaption; Measurement Scale of Personal Initiative in Educational Settings and Scale of General Self-Efficacy. ANCOVA and the Student's t-test were applied to the results.
Findings
The results show that training in entrepreneurial identity increases the entrepreneurial potential of young people (H1). A notable increase in proactivity and being a self-starter was observed with regard to personal initiative within the EG, and for self-efficacy (H3) both of which were predictors of entrepreneurial identity. Gender was likewise a predictor (H4).
Practical implications
Young people attending the PElEO training program in entrepreneurial potential increased their levels of entrepreneurial identity, thereby confirming the effectiveness of the program.
Originality/value
The program (PEIEO) is based on the development of entrepreneurial potential, a dimension that generates entrepreneurial identity (creativity, leadership, achievement and personal control).
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Patricia Ahmed and Rebecca Jean Emigh
Two perspectives provide alternative insights into household composition in contemporary Eastern Europe. The first stresses that individuals have relatively fixed preferences…
Abstract
Two perspectives provide alternative insights into household composition in contemporary Eastern Europe. The first stresses that individuals have relatively fixed preferences about living arrangements and diverge from them only when they cannot attain their ideal. The second major approach, the adaptive strategies perspective, predicts that individuals have few preferences. Instead, they use household composition to cope with economic hardship, deploy labor, or care for children or the elderly. This article evaluates these approaches in five post‐socialist East‐European countries, Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and Russia, using descriptive statistics and logistic regression. The results suggest that household extension is common in these countries and provide the most evidence for the adaptive strategies perspective. In particular, the results show that variables operationalizing the adaptive strategies perspective, including measures of single motherhood, retirement status, agricultural cultivation, and poverty, increase the odds of household extension.
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Cristina Piedade Silva and Rita Martins de Sousa
The purpose of this paper is to study how budgetary constraints can have ethical implications on patient treatment options.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study how budgetary constraints can have ethical implications on patient treatment options.
Design/methodology/approach
By applying a qualitative methodological approach (interviews) and participant observation, this paper studies the behaviour of surgeons in scenarios of financial restriction.
Findings
The empirical findings show that despite the conflict between the economy and the leges artis, surgeons maintain the ethical and deontological principles of their profession with fair rules of orientation.
Practical implications
The importance of this study can be realised by its continuity. One of the authors is already implicated on a wider research to investigate the influence of the economic scarcity of resources on general surgeons’ ethical behaviours.
Social implications
This paper is a contribution to understanding the rules that restrain the activities of surgeons. Politicians sometimes do not have a full understanding of the pressures that the medical profession faces in their day-to-day activities. Currently, with the addition of problems relate to COVID-19, politicians and populations seem to better understand the importance of the Serviço Nacional de Saúde (SNS), This paper hopes that this understanding will be not only a conjectural moment.
Originality/value
In conjunction with the economic recession that began in the first decade of this century, health institutions have long faced budgetary constraints that condition their material and human resources and correspondingly shape the scope of health professional activities. Until now, it has not been studied the impact of economic crises on the ethical behaviour of Portuguese surgeons. Therefore, this research is a first step and a useful contribution to understanding the rules that can restrain (or not) the ethical conduct of these health professionals.
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On October 2019, the Rubjerg Knude lighthouse (Denmark) was moved 70 metres from the cliff edge. The Danish Government spent €700,000 on the rescue operation. Using the zonal…
Abstract
Purpose
On October 2019, the Rubjerg Knude lighthouse (Denmark) was moved 70 metres from the cliff edge. The Danish Government spent €700,000 on the rescue operation. Using the zonal travel cost method (ZTCM), this paper aims to estimate the recreational value of this (im)movable maritime heritage building, to assess whether it was worthwhile to incur that public expenditure. This valuation is complemented by a digital reputation analysis.
Design/methodology/approach
A Flickr application programming interface search method extracted 795 public photos with the “Rubjerg and Knude” tags, taken between 2004 and 2019. The ZTCM analysis included 148 photographers who provided information about their residence location.
Findings
Depending on the regression models and assumptions made, the estimated economic value of the lighthouse (measured by the consumer surplus) varies between 5.5m and 133m euros. That means that the operation’s cost is only a small percentage of the expected economic recreational value.
Research limitations/implications
The sample of Flickr photographers is a proxy to estimate the zonal visitation rate for a specific destination. Zonal travel cost calculations are always based on some assumptions defined by researchers.
Practical implications
The paper frames the role of lighthouses as an (im)movable heritage element, which provides several cultural ecosystem services – in particular aesthetic, recreational, cultural/educational, bequest and sense of place values/benefits for tourists and residents.
Social implications
This study supports the political decision of preserving an identity symbol of a specific place, based solely on its recreational value.
Originality/value
This paper combines a monetary approach (ZTCM) with a digital reputation analysis of this iconic attraction.