Colleen Collins‐Dodd and Judith Lynne Zaichkowsky
Data from national brand manufacturers suggest they are more willing to take legal action against other independent manufacturers than against retailers when they think their…
Abstract
Data from national brand manufacturers suggest they are more willing to take legal action against other independent manufacturers than against retailers when they think their trademark brands have been infringed. Imitation by other independent manufacturers prompts national brands to be more likely to improve their products than imitation by retailers. Those manufacturers who have taken legal action against imitating retailers are less fearful of possible retaliation tactics, such as delisting, or losing shelf space in the retail environment.
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June Francis and Colleen Collins‐Dodd
Export promotion programs are provided by governments to help firms, especially small and medium‐sized ones, overcome real or perceived obstacles to exporting. To date, there has…
Abstract
Export promotion programs are provided by governments to help firms, especially small and medium‐sized ones, overcome real or perceived obstacles to exporting. To date, there has been limited empirical evidence of the effectiveness of these efforts. This study clarifies the ways in which export promotion programs bolster the export competence and export activities of firms by drawing on the results of a survey of small and medium‐sized Canadian high‐technology firms. The results suggest that using a greater number of government programs influences the achievement of export objectives and export expansion strategies, and enhances export marketing competencies. By segmenting firms by level of export involvement, a clearer picture of the benefits and limitations of export promotion programs emerges. These results suggest that sporadic and active exporters gain the most from export promotion programs, while there is little impact in the short term for more experienced international firms who derive most of their incomes from exporting.