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This paper aims to provide a rationale for the development of a community‐based group for men with intellectual disability who have been involved in sexually inappropriate behaviour but may not have been charged.

The group was based on a cognitive behavioural model: group process and adaptations are briefly described. The group has been run on two occasions and preliminary data on outcome are provided.

Participants show a reduction in attitudes consistent with offending, an increase in sexual knowledge, and a more external locus of control on completion of the group. One of the 12 men who attended was recorded as offending again within 18 months of group completion; however, three moved to less well supervised placements.

It is concluded that this style of treatment has some advantages over other models and may be more effective, yet further research is required.

This paper describes a service improvement project with two aims: to identify and screen all adults with Down's syndrome aged over 30 years in a defined locality using a standardised instrument to establish functional baselines; and to set up a database to facilitate early diagnosis of dementia in this population.

An assistant psychologist used a standardised instrument to screen participants who were identified through contact with health, social, and third sector, and housing services.

Eligible people were identified and screened using an informant‐based measure. Three groups were identified: group 1 showed no significant change; group 2 showed significant change but no signs of dementia; and group 3 showed significant change plus signs of dementia. People with suspected dementia were referred on for further investigation/assessment and supportive services.

Terminology is important in engaging families in a screening project, as is the opportunity to provide information. A proactive screening project can be established by employing working partnerships between intellectual disability and older adult services to aid diagnosis.

Adults with Down's syndrome aged over 30 years in a defined locality can be identified through contact with health, social, and third sector, and housing services. Those identified can be screened using a standardised instrument and a database of screening results established in order to establish baselines against which future re‐screening can be conducted. Partnership working between older adult mental health services and intellectual disability services can improve the diagnostic service to adults with Down's syndrome.

Concepts about the learning organisation have become popular ideas for companies and organisations alike to promote the learning process within them. The practice has, however, received a mixed reception somewhere between enthusiasm and scepticism. This is because the ideas themselves have been developed from different interpretations of the concept. There is, however, strong commitment from various individuals in organisations who make an attempt to explore and use the concepts of the learning organisation. This paper introduces and explores the concept and practice of gestalt therapy. The article explores the similarity between the concepts and practice of the learning organisation, and gestalt therapy, such as concepts of learning, holism, existential phenomenology, mental models, and team learning, with examples from his practice. The author concludes with his integrative model and believes that this contribution may further improve the understanding of the concepts of the learning organisation.

This study focuses on the implementation of entrepreneurship education in non-business education at the basic education level and in class-teacher education in Finland. The subject to learn was music, which did not include any entrepreneurial content. Accordingly, this study looks closely at the way learners behave when studying music. The purpose of this paper is to see whether entrepreneurial behaviour is appropriate in non-business education.

The study used the action research approach; in particular, it used the special teacher-as-researcher method. The analysis was based on content analysis.

In this study, the teacher-researcher looked at entrepreneurial learning as experimenting with alternative learning methods and different learning contents. To ensure that every learner received the support they needed in their self-chosen tasks, peer learning was encouraged. Learners got the support they needed both from each other and from the teacher-researcher.

Although this study was only carried once during some music lessons in one particular comprehensive school and once in one class-teacher education in Finland, the findings may prompt teachers in other subjects and other countries to add entrepreneurial activities to their learning environments.

There is a lack of research into entrepreneurship education practices at lower educational levels and where education is not business-oriented. Using the entrepreneurial approach in general education raises another question: is the approach suitable for every learner? Neither of these facets has been studied in depth.

The purpose of this study is to develop a scale to measure coronavirus shopping anxiety. Numerous studies have developed a scale for measuring coronavirus anxiety and fear, notably absent is a concerted effort to review and assess the impact of coronavirus on the shopping anxiety of consumers. This scale fulfills this gap.

The steps taken for checking the various psychometrics of the scale include item generation, followed by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) through SPSS and confirmatory factor analysis through AMOS. The data were collected from over 208 respondents.

This study resulted in the development of a nine-item scale with robust psychometric properties. The scale resulted in highlighting two factors related to anxiety: in-store shopping anxiety and online shopping anxiety.

The scale developed has the desirable reliable and valid properties that could be used by aspiring researchers.

The scale developed highlighted that the restrictions in shopping impact the mental health and psychology of consumers. The scale resulted in analyzing the factors related to shopping anxiety, which could give top management a perspective and vision to look into the minds of the consumer's shopping anxiety behaviors.

Companies, firms, health professionals and marketers could use this scale to investigate the various shopping anxiety perceptions among consumers in society.

This research fills the gap by developing a first nine-item scale based on the qualitative research and quantitative assessment for measuring shopping anxiety caused due to the pandemic.

本研究擬設計一個等級表、以量度新型冠狀病毒肺炎肆虐期間之購物焦慮和不安。至目前為止,已有很多研究成功設計等級表、以量度人們對新型冠狀病毒肺炎的焦慮和恐懼。唯就學術研究而言,顯然缺乏協同一致的努力、去仔細審核和評估新型冠狀病毒肺炎對消費者購物焦慮的影響。本研究擬設計一個有關的等級表,以填補這個研究缺口。

研究人員檢查其設計之等級表的各個心理測量學時所採用的步驟包括:項目生成,以及透過統計產品與服務解決方案軟件 (SPSS) 而進行的探索性因素分析、和透過AMOS而進行的驗證性因素分析。數據取自208名以上的受訪者。

本研究成功設計了一個具有嚴格心理測量特性的九項目等級表。這個等級表、使人注意到與焦慮相關的兩個因素,就是:店內購物的焦慮和網絡購物的焦慮。

本研究透過定性研究和定量評估、設計了首個九項目等級表、來量度大流行病導致的購物焦慮; 就此而言,本研究填補了有關的研究缺口。

The study tried to develop a product‐market structure of the fast‐food restaurants in the Philippines. Using the concept of hierarchical clustering based on substitution‐in‐use, the influence of three categories of situational influence were used to modify the original choice‐market mix relationship at every clustering stage. Changes in the importance of the individual components of the product‐service mix served as the basis of the link‐up among competing fast‐food restaurants.

The purpose of this paper is to examine whether preference toward in‐group members can serve as opportunism governance in channel relationships in a collectivist culture. This study proposes a model of opportunism incorporating in‐group preference and trust as antecedents of opportunism. Based on Transaction Cost Economics and Social Exchange Theory, transaction‐specific investment and relationship length are employed in the model as confounding variables of in‐group preference for opportunism and trust.

Data were collected from 109 Korean department store buyers and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (EQS 6.0).

The results showed that buyers' in‐group preference increased buyers' trust toward suppliers and decreased suppliers' opportunistic behavior. Buyers' increased trust toward suppliers was found to reduce suppliers' opportunistic behavior. Further, Trust was significantly influenced by supplier TSI, but not by length of relationship. On the other hand, opportunism was significantly influenced by length of relationship, but not by supplier TSI.

This study examined only the positive side of in‐group membership. Some criticisms of in‐group preference are favoritism, interference with fair competition, and collective blindness, any of which might decrease the efficiency of business operations. These impacts should be examined to gain a balanced view of the implications of in‐group preference in business settings.

Multinational companies should understand that in‐group membership is an important source of building trust and oppressing opportunism in the Korean market. Multinational companies can strategically approach in‐group members of business partners to become members of those in‐groups.

This is the first empirical study to examine collectivists' tendencies toward in‐group preference as opportunism governance.

An exploratory study of consumer acceptance of Internet banking (IB) services is conducted in a Turkish bank. Examines both consumer‐related factors that may affect the adoption of an innovation or a product (such as complexity, perceived risk, and relative advantage) as well as organizational factors such as marketing effort. The results suggest that IB not only reduces operational cost to the bank, but also leads to higher levels of customer satisfaction and retention. Accordingly, it is argued that IB is strategically important to the banking sector in an emerging economy, such as in Turkey.

The present study compares the ethical perceptions of three sub‐cultural groups living in the USA – Anglos, strongly identified Hispanics, and weakly identified Hispanics. It compares the responses of these three groups to two ethical scenarios using conjoint analysis, in addition to the traditional comparison of central tendencies. A comparison of means does not show any significant differences among the three groups and the overall pattern of relative importances is similar for all three sub‐cultural groups. However, conjoint analysis did detect some difference between Anglos and Hispanics. Less assimilated Hispanics were found to be somewhat more concerned about the magnitude of dollar loss as opposed to the Anglo focus on probability of loss in their ethical perceptions; two utilitarian, albeit somewhat different orientations.