Milena Carvalho, Michael Boock, Tania Yordanova Todorova, Susana Martins, Ines Braga and Cláudia Pinto
Surveying authors at doctoral-granting institutions of higher education in Portugal, the authors in this paper aim to seek to determine the extent to which Portuguese researchers…
Abstract
Purpose
Surveying authors at doctoral-granting institutions of higher education in Portugal, the authors in this paper aim to seek to determine the extent to which Portuguese researchers prefer that their work appears in open access journals or open access repositories resulting in improved access to quality, peer-reviewed scientific information and faster scientific and technological advances. The authors also seek to gauge Portuguese author's familiarity with open access, the importance they attach to open access when choosing a publication outlet, and to determine their preferences for achieving open access.
Design/methodology/approach
The methodology adopted in this research is the case study. The case study intends to understand a complex social phenomenon through an in-depth study holistically. In May 2020, the authors distributed a survey to faculty in all academic ranks at 14 Portuguese higher education institutions to learn the extent to which Portuguese authors currently make their research openly available, ascertain their awareness of open access, their support of the European Union (EU) open access goal and their preferences for achieving open access.
Findings
Researchers at Portuguese universities overwhelmingly are aware of arguments in favor of open access and believe that open access benefits researchers in their fields. Portuguese researchers regularly publish in open access journals and deposit their papers in institutional or disciplinary repositories.
Research limitations/implications
16.7% of 740 potential respondents completed the survey. The relatively low response rate prevents extrapolations from being made to the universe. The study was implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic, which, due to the disruption created in all sectors, made data collection complex and delayed its subsequent treatment.
Originality/value
Similar studies have been conducted at individual universities and in particular disciplines to determine the degree to which their faculty authors are aware of open access, its benefits, and preferences for achieving it. A similar study of Bulgarian university authors was conducted in 2018. No previous study of Portuguese authors at institutions of higher education has been conducted. The results will be useful to Portuguese institutions of higher education and academic libraries to establish and revise open access outreach and implementation services that may be helpful to their faculty in meeting EU open access and funder open access requirements.
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Cláudia Pinto, Graça Azevedo and Jonas Oliveira
The present chapter tries to assess the state of art of enterprise risk management (ERM) among Portuguese non-financial companies regarding two main aspects: the ERM background in…
Abstract
The present chapter tries to assess the state of art of enterprise risk management (ERM) among Portuguese non-financial companies regarding two main aspects: the ERM background in Portugal and the level of disclosure of ERM practices by non-financial listed companies. Since the analysis of disclosures is useful to understand the level of evolution and adoption of ERM framework we tried to assess the ERM practices disclosed by 26 Portuguese non-financial listed companies at the Euronext Lisbon Stock Exchange regulated market, during the period of 2006–2016. Main findings indicate that regulation on ERM in Portugal emanates from three main Codes (The Portuguese Companies Code, The Stock Exchange Code, and The Corporate Governance Code). The ERM professionalization in Portugal is its infancy and has been promoted mainly by the Institute of Portuguese Internal Auditors. Moreover, research on topics such as risk reporting and risk management/ERM is very scarce. Overall, findings of prior literature are consistent with results from our exploratory study. We conclude that Portuguese non-financial listed companies still disclose very little information on ERM activities. However, over the period of analysis, the disclosure practices evolved positively. Findings show that ERM disclosure can still be extensively improved in the future.
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Cláudia Viegas, João Lima, Cláudia Afonso, András Jozsef Toth, Csaba Bálint Illés, András Bittsánszky, Zvonimir Šatalić, Sanja Vidaček Filipec, Valeria Fabijanic, Samuel Duran, Jairo Alonso Torres, Monica Spinelli, Andrea Matias, Ana Maria Souza Pinto and Ada Rocha
The aim of this study is to identify and characterize kids' menu offer in fast-food and traditional restaurants located in shopping centres in five different countries.
Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study is to identify and characterize kids' menu offer in fast-food and traditional restaurants located in shopping centres in five different countries.
Design/methodology/approach
An observational cross-sectional study is carried out, though a study was performed in all restaurants located in shopping centres from main cities, in five countries: Brazil, Chile, Croatia, Hungary and Portugal. A tool for assessing the quality of menus is used for the analysis (Kids Menu Healthy Score (KIMEHS)). Menu prices between countries were compared.
Findings
A total of 192 kids' menus were collected, 44 in Portugal, 57 in Brazil, 66 in Chile, 15 in Hungary and 10 in Croatia. All the countries have average negative KIMEHS values for the menus, indicating that the offer is generally poor in terms of healthy options. The cost of children's menus in European countries is generally low. In Brazil, the price is significantly more expensive, which may limit the accessibility by social economically deprived populations. No significant differences were found in the average cost of meals from different restaurants typology. Traditional/Western restaurants present the highest price.
Practical implications
Globally, kids' menus are composed by unhealthy food items, pointing to the need of improvements in food availability, aiming to promote healthy food habits among children.
Originality/value
This study presents innovative data on children's menus, allowing for characterization of meals offered to children and comparison between different countries.
Key points
Kids’ menus are composed by unhealthy food items.
Improvement of kids' menus quality will promote children food habits.
Healthier out-of-home food consumption will contribute to public health.
Kids’ menus are composed by unhealthy food items.
Improvement of kids' menus quality will promote children food habits.
Healthier out-of-home food consumption will contribute to public health.
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Ana Pinto Borges, Cláudia Cardoso and Paula Rodrigues
This study aims to check which scale of love brand developed by Carroll and Ahuvia (2006) or Mohammadian and Karimpour (2014) have better adhesion to the perception of Aspirin…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to check which scale of love brand developed by Carroll and Ahuvia (2006) or Mohammadian and Karimpour (2014) have better adhesion to the perception of Aspirin love brand, that is, a functional brand.
Design/methodology/approach
The conceptual models and associated hypotheses are tested with a sample of 321 consumers. Data were analyzed through a structural equation model.
Findings
The results demonstrate strong relationships between the three antecedents (brand engagement, confidence and overall attitude) and brand love and between brand love and its consequences (brand loyalty, positive word of mouth and brand purchase intention) in both scales.
Research limitations/implications
The main limitation of the study relates to the sample, which is only of Portuguese consumers and does not match the main socio-demographic characteristics of the population. Therefore, the study should be seen as exploratory on the brand love in the case of functional brands.
Practical implications
The knowledge that a consumer can establish an emotional relationship with a functional brand, in a highly competitive sector as the pharmaceutical sector, in particular in drugs that are sold without a prescription, can help managers in defining their communication strategy appealing to the emotions and long-term involvement with the consumed.
Originality/value
Few studies about the background of the brand love and those that exist are linked to hedonic product categories and self-expressive brands. It is the first time that the brand love for a medicine is evaluated.
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Jinous Sadighha, Patrícia Pinto, Manuela Guerreiro and Ana Cláudia Campos
This study investigates the reciprocity mechanism in value co-creation and clarifies how service providers may effectively trigger customer participation behaviour and boost value…
Abstract
Purpose
This study investigates the reciprocity mechanism in value co-creation and clarifies how service providers may effectively trigger customer participation behaviour and boost value co-creation to enhance customer citizenship behaviour, which brings extra benefits for service providers.
Design/methodology/approach
By combining equity theory, social exchange theory and co-creation theory, this research proposes a model for the reciprocity mechanism in value co-creation incorporating customer co-creation perception (CCCP) conducting hotel dialogue, access, risk assessment and transparency (DART) activities; customer participation behaviour (CPB – information seeking, information sharing, responsible behaviour and personal interaction); customer citizenship behaviour (CCB – feedback, advocacy, helping and tolerance) and value co-creation in hotels. It also applies script theory to explore how customers’ previous experiences with the hotel may impact the value reciprocity mechanism. The collected data from tourists are analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM).
Findings
The results confirm that CCCP drives CPB, value co-creation and CCB. CPB also enhances value co-creation, consequently boosting CCB. Moreover, CPB and value co-creation are the reciprocity mechanisms that mediate CCCP to CCB. Findings also reveal that CPB has a greater impact on value co-creation for first-time customers. In contrast, CCCP has a higher effect on value co-creation for repeat customers.
Practical implications
The proposed model is a managerial tool that assists practitioners in effectively driving customer participation behaviour and improving value co-creation for first-time customers and repeat customers.
Originality/value
This study uncovers the significance of the hospitality service provider’s DART actions in forming customer perceptions and leading customer behaviour towards value co-creation.
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Bruna de Castro Mendes and Airton Jose Cavenaghi
This paper aims to highlight the political influences that account for the destination image of a tourist city: Campos do Jordão, São Paulo State, Brazil. The study took into…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to highlight the political influences that account for the destination image of a tourist city: Campos do Jordão, São Paulo State, Brazil. The study took into consideration the collective imagination and its influence on the formation of touristic destinations.
Design/methodology/approach
Descriptive study based on literature and document review, accompanied by an analysis of texts and photos available on non-official websites – about Campos do Jordão – from November to December 2018 and by visits to selected location.
Findings
“Charm”, “refinement” and “sophistication” are the most frequently used words to describe Campos do Jordão, which remains a symbol of exclusiveness and refuge for the highest social classes. These images are shaped by political and economic influences.
Research limitations/implications
The investigation focussed on a single city. Also, as it is an analytical study aimed at showing the permanence of preconceived values used to build the image of a destination it is not possible to talk about extrapolating the present study to other cities. In addition, the research was done by using the reproduction of physical and cultural aspects in addition to the use of European landscapes structures and values in a locality with an exceptional environmental context.
Social implications
Many of the images connected to Campos do Jordão are replicated by local citizens, a fact that evidences the importance of associative memory, which concerns memories citizens have of their living space. The social implications presented herein seek to recover the formative memories of the assessed city, although it is not the focus of the current study. Assumingly, becoming an active segment of the tourism sector is the only way for local citizens to appropriate the city.
Originality/value
The influence of local government and public actions in tourism construction and in the image linked to the city is used as a case study. Building a touristic imagination demands a wide range of businesses, but this process takes time and effort, as highlighted by the applied documental review; it would not happen without the straight interference of the public sector through the local government.
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Barbara de Lima Voss, David Bernard Carter and Bruno Meirelles Salotti
We present a critical literature review debating Brazilian research on social and environmental accounting (SEA). The aim of this study is to understand the role of politics in…
Abstract
We present a critical literature review debating Brazilian research on social and environmental accounting (SEA). The aim of this study is to understand the role of politics in the construction of hegemonies in SEA research in Brazil. In particular, we examine the role of hegemony in relation to the co-option of SEA literature and sustainability in the Brazilian context by the logic of development for economic growth in emerging economies. The methodological approach adopts a post-structural perspective that reflects Laclau and Mouffe’s discourse theory. The study employs a hermeneutical, rhetorical approach to understand and classify 352 Brazilian research articles on SEA. We employ Brown and Fraser’s (2006) categorizations of SEA literature to help in our analysis: the business case, the stakeholder–accountability approach, and the critical case. We argue that the business case is prominent in Brazilian studies. Second-stage analysis suggests that the major themes under discussion include measurement, consulting, and descriptive approach. We argue that these themes illustrate the degree of influence of the hegemonic politics relevant to emerging economics, as these themes predominantly concern economic growth and a capitalist context. This paper discusses trends and practices in the Brazilian literature on SEA and argues that the focus means that SEA avoids critical debates of the role of capitalist logics in an emerging economy concerning sustainability. We urge the Brazilian academy to understand the implications of its reifying agenda and engage, counter-hegemonically, in a social and political agenda beyond the hegemonic support of a particular set of capitalist interests.
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Miltiadis D. Lytras, Andreea Claudia Serban, Afnan Alkhaldi, Tahani Aldosemani and Sawsan Malik
Digital transformation (DT) has become a top priority for higher education (HE), driven by technological advances such as artificial intelligence (AI), artificial general…
Abstract
Digital transformation (DT) has become a top priority for higher education (HE), driven by technological advances such as artificial intelligence (AI), artificial general intelligence (AGI) and Generative Open AI. It serves as a catalyst for the reshaping of mainstream processes in academic institutions, emphasizing teamwork, collaborative projects and critical thinking in research, learning and assessment strategies. In this chapter, the authors contextualize the use of this DT, highlighting its potential to improve learning experiences, business efficiency and upskill students and faculty. The holistic approach to DT as an enabler of excellence in HE is based on four pillars of excellence and impact: Business process reengineering, learning excellence and skill building, research capacity and innovation and partnership and outlook. DT needs the development of efficient, resilient, flexible and adaptable strategies and a strong collaboration between all the actors involved in the process to ensure the coherence, the sustainability and alignment of the objectives, means and targets with the real needs of the learners, tutors, labor market and society as whole. The authors’ bold proposition consists of a model for the strategy design of DT in universities and colleges organized in three dimensions: understand, strategize, deploy and exploit. Each dimension emphasizes different stages of the process: understanding emerging technologies and their impact on HE, collaboration between stakeholders, strategy and priorities formulation, roadmap of implementation, deployment and exploitation of digital technologies, etc. The ongoing DT in HE will continue to create an extensive shift in educational processes – learning, teaching, research and management. Institutions around the world are taking bold initiatives to adapt to this rapidly changing environment, emphasizing the importance of readiness for technological changes, system development, inclusive and sustainable transformation.
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Sofia Almeida and Susana Mesquita
This research is about the evaluation of organizational risks in the hospitality sector, using the experience of a guest with visual impairments. The objectives of this research…
Abstract
This research is about the evaluation of organizational risks in the hospitality sector, using the experience of a guest with visual impairments. The objectives of this research are to (1) identify if the previous expectations of a guest with visual impairments trip will be exceeded in the final; (2) classify organizational risks in the hotel sector; (3) verify if there are direct impacts on the travellers' future behaviour, such as destination recommendation and intention to return to the destination. Despite of the fact that organizational risks are composed by transport, hospitality and tourism attractions (tourism players can jeopardize the success of a travel experience), this research will only focus on the hospitality sector. To assure the achievement of the referred objectives, a case study will be used based on the analysis of the experience of a Portuguese guest with disabilities, who traveled alone, around Europe, with a guide dog. His expectations, constraints and risks will be analysed through a deep-depth interview, in which questions are organized from the literature review. Finally, it is expected that this exploratory research helps to find new avenues for the study of organizational risks, more precisely, hospitality risks for disabled people.