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Article
Publication date: 8 February 2021

Zhifeng Wang, Chi Zuo and Chunyan Zeng

Recently, the double joint photographic experts group (JPEG) compression detection tasks have been paid much more attention in the field of Web image forensics. Although there are…

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Abstract

Purpose

Recently, the double joint photographic experts group (JPEG) compression detection tasks have been paid much more attention in the field of Web image forensics. Although there are several useful methods proposed for double JPEG compression detection when the quantization matrices are different in the primary and secondary compression processes, it is still a difficult problem when the quantization matrices are the same. Moreover, those methods for the different or the same quantization matrices are implemented in independent ways. The paper aims to build a new unified framework for detecting the doubly JPEG compression.

Design/methodology/approach

First, the Y channel of JPEG images is cut into 8 × 8 nonoverlapping blocks, and two groups of features that characterize the artifacts caused by doubly JPEG compression with the same and the different quantization matrices are extracted on those blocks. Then, the Riemannian manifold learning is applied for dimensionality reduction while preserving the local intrinsic structure of the features. Finally, a deep stack autoencoder network with seven layers is designed to detect the doubly JPEG compression.

Findings

Experimental results with different quality factors have shown that the proposed approach performs much better than the state-of-the-art approaches.

Practical implications

To verify the integrity and authenticity of Web images, the research of double JPEG compression detection is increasingly paid more attentions.

Originality/value

This paper aims to propose a unified framework to detect the double JPEG compression in the scenario whether the quantization matrix is different or not, which means this approach can be applied in more practical Web forensics tasks.

Details

International Journal of Web Information Systems, vol. 17 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1744-0084

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 1999

Zhang Weidong

Suggests that misunderstandings frequently occur when trying to understand Chinese language and culture, and so gives the implied meaning of various Chinese expressions and…

834

Abstract

Suggests that misunderstandings frequently occur when trying to understand Chinese language and culture, and so gives the implied meaning of various Chinese expressions and sayings such as greetings, thanks, respect, age, congratulations and taboo subjects.

Details

Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, vol. 6 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1352-7606

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Article
Publication date: 20 April 2012

Hur‐Li Lee

This study aims to understand the epistemic foundation of the classification applied in the first Chinese library catalogue, the Seven Epitomes (Qilue).

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to understand the epistemic foundation of the classification applied in the first Chinese library catalogue, the Seven Epitomes (Qilue).

Design/methodology/approach

Originating from a theoretical stance that situates knowledge organization in its social context, the study applies a multifaceted framework pertaining to five categories of textual data: the Seven Epitomes; biographical information about the classificationist Liu Xin; and the relevant intellectual, political, and technological history.

Findings

The study discovers seven principles contributing to the epistemic foundation of the catalogue's classification: the Han imperial library collection imposed as the literary warrant; government functions considered for structuring texts; classicist morality determining the main classificatory structure; knowledge perceived and organized as a unity; objects, rather than subjects, of concern affecting categories at the main class level; correlative thinking connecting all text categories to a supreme knowledge embodied by the Six Classics; and classicist moral values resulting in both vertical and horizontal hierarchies among categories as well as texts.

Research limitations/implications

A major limitation of the study is its focus on the main classes, with limited attention to subclasses. Future research can extend the analysis to examine subclasses of the same scheme. Findings from these studies may lead to a comparison between the epistemic approach in the target classification and the analytic one common in today's bibliographic classification.

Originality/value

The study is the first to examine in depth the epistemic foundation of traditional Chinese bibliographic classification, anchoring the classification in its appropriate social and historical context.

Details

Journal of Documentation, vol. 68 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0022-0418

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Article
Publication date: 30 October 2018

Benjamin Himmel, Dominik Rumschoettel and Wolfram Volk

Directly printing molten metal droplets on a build platform to create full dense metal parts is a promising additive manufacturing process. This study aims of to analyse the…

430

Abstract

Purpose

Directly printing molten metal droplets on a build platform to create full dense metal parts is a promising additive manufacturing process. This study aims of to analyse the effects of the thermal conditions on the resulting tensile properties of parts made from aluminium 4047A built in droplet-based metal printing.

Design/methodology/approach

A drop-on-demand print head with pneumatic actuation is used to eject droplets on a nickel sheet mounted on the heated build platform. Tensile specimens are machined from cuboid blocks built by successive droplet deposition and tested in a universal testing machine. The ultimate tensile strength, uniform elongation and yield strength are evaluated and presented. Micro-sections are taken from the printed blocks to examine the internal pores and the metal’s microstructure.

Findings

With an increase in the interface temperature the uniform elongation increases from 0.5 to 12%, while the yield strength decreases from 130 to 90 MPa. The ultimate tensile strength increases from 130 MPa to a maximum of 190 MPa at an interface temperature of 530º C and slightly falls for higher interface temperatures. Those values are in the same range as conventionally casted parts of the same alloy. The authors’ hypothesis is that the main effect responsible for the mechanical properties is the wetting of solid material by the liquid droplet and not remelting, as has been reported in literature.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time that mechanical properties of aluminium 4047A built by a droplet-based additive manufacturing process are published for different interface temperatures. It is also the first time that the main effect on mechanical properties is attributed to wetting instead of remelting.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 25 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

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Article
Publication date: 9 November 2012

Wei Ping He

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of China's contemporary banking regulatory system, with particular focus on regulatory control of foreign banks trading in…

2893

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of China's contemporary banking regulatory system, with particular focus on regulatory control of foreign banks trading in China. The paper addresses three aspects of Chinese banking regulation: what does China regulate; why does China regulate; and how does China regulate. Much of the discussion is concerned with China's regulatory agencies particularly with the role of the CBRC as the principal regulator in China's banking sector.

Design/methodology/approach

In the first instance the paper presents an overview of banking regulatory models gained from a review of theoretical literature in the area. Then through a wide ranging review of Chinese publications, both academic and official, the paper seeks to relate the course of regulatory reform in China, both in terms of compliance with orthodox regulatory theory, and the unique regulatory requirements of the Chinese banking system.

Findings

The paper recognises that China has embraced the need for banking regulation with the establishment of an institutional structure that is responsive to both banking supervision and government policy. Within that structure the role of the CBRC, the pervasive manner in which that agency operates, and the content of its regulatory output have been identified and critically reviewed.

Originality/value

In its review of the modernization of China's banking regulatory system, the paper achieves originality from the author's research into, and critical reflections on Chinese generated literature, both institutional and academic, which is then communicated in a manner that will be understood by readers familiar with Western banking regulatory theory.

Details

Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, vol. 20 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1358-1988

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Article
Publication date: 5 May 2020

Hongquan Chen, Zhizhou Jin, Quanke Su and Gaoyu Yue

The megaproject is a vital innovation ecosystem for participants engaging in technological adoption and integration to achieve project goals. The purpose of this paper is to…

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Abstract

Purpose

The megaproject is a vital innovation ecosystem for participants engaging in technological adoption and integration to achieve project goals. The purpose of this paper is to examine how ecosystem captains build and operate a megaproject innovation ecosystem (MIE). To be more specific, we conducted an in-depth case study to identify the roles played by ecosystem captains in establishing and managing a megaproject innovation ecosystem.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge project, the data we collected range from 2010 to 2019 and include semi-structured interviews, informal conversations, and archival documents. We employed an inductive theory building approach to address our research question and analyzed our data using the coding process and Atlas.ti software.

Findings

We find that the ecosystem captains themselves are client organizations that have evolved with the ecosystem during four distinct yet inter-related phases. In addition, we find that the captains’ roles of the client organizations include two typical activities: ecosystem establishment and ecosystem collaboration. The ecosystem captains first frame problems, plan innovative activities, set rules, and select participants for the establishment of the ecosystem, and then orchestrate resources, buffer conflicts, incorporate innovative networks, and cultivate an innovation culture to create a collaborative ecosystem.

Originality/value

This study proposes a theoretical framework showing how ecosystem captains engage in MIE to manage innovative activities during different stages. It highlights the importance of captainship roles in client organizations in a megaproject.

Details

Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, vol. 28 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0969-9988

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Article
Publication date: 12 January 2021

Qing Xie

In light of university business English pedagogical innovation, this study reports an empirical study with 66 English major participants.

1016

Abstract

Purpose

In light of university business English pedagogical innovation, this study reports an empirical study with 66 English major participants.

Design/methodology/approach

The study uses online survey and participant observation to investigate their practice-oriented motivation and needs, the perceptions of using vocational education and training pedagogy in business English teaching and the learning outcomes in a Chinese university context.

Findings

The study found participants with motivations to learn business and trade knowledge, develop practice-oriented abilities and the preferences of learning flexibly and autonomously. For the perceptions of using vocational education and training pedagogy, simulations of meetings and negotiations were recommended and the job-based competency development model was useful. Workplace simulation was also particularly suggested to bridge the gap between classroom and workplace. For learning outcomes, writing practices and workplace simulation were considered particularly useful. The learning gains were found in international trade correspondence writing. While the intention of continuing learning business English correspondence writing was identified, more opportunities should be created for more practice-oriented activities, such as internship or corporate visit.

Originality/value

Informed by vocational education and training theory, the study has important pedagogical, theoretical and policy implications for business English teaching in both China and worldwide contexts.

Details

Education + Training, vol. 63 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0040-0912

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Article
Publication date: 14 June 2021

Jeffrey B. Allen

In this work, with a goal to ultimately forward the advancement of additive manufacturing research, the author applies the Wheeler-Boettinger-McFadden model through a progressive…

202

Abstract

Purpose

In this work, with a goal to ultimately forward the advancement of additive manufacturing research, the author applies the Wheeler-Boettinger-McFadden model through a progressive series of increasingly complex solidification problems illustrating the evolution of both dendritic as well as columnar growth morphologies. For purposes of convenience, the author assumes idyllic solutions (i.e. the excess energies associated with mixing solid and liquid phases can be neglected).

Design/methodology/approach

In this work, the author applied the phase-field model through a progressive series of increasingly complex solidification problems, illustrating the evolution of both dendritic as well as columnar growth morphologies. Beginning with a non-isothermal treatment of pure Ni, the author further examined the isothermal and directional solidification of Cu–Ni binary alloys.

Findings

(1) Consistent with previous simulation results, solidification simulations from each of the three cases revealed the presence of parabolic, dendrite tips evolving along directions of maximum interface energy. (2) For pure Ni simulations, changes in the anisotropy and noise magnitudes resulted in an increase of secondary dendritic branches and changes in the direction of propagation. The overall shape of the primary structure tended also to elongate with increased anisotropy. (3) For simulations of isothermal solidification of Ni–Cu binary alloys, the development of primary and secondary dendrite arm formation followed similar patterns associated with a pure substance. Calculations of dendrite tip velocity tended to increase monotonically with increasing anisotropy in accordance with previous research. (4) Simulations of directional solidification of Ni–Cu binary alloys with a linear temperature profile demonstrated the presence of cellular dendrites with relatively weak side-branching. The occurrence of solute trapping was also apparent between the primary dendrite columns. Dendrite tip velocities increased with increasing cooling rate.

Originality/value

This research, particularly the section devoted to directional solidification of binary alloys, describes a novel numerical framework and platform for the parametric analysis of various microstructural related quantities, including the effects due to changes in temperature gradient and cooling rate. Both the evolution of the phase and concentration are resolved.

Details

Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures, vol. 17 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1573-6105

Keywords

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Book part
Publication date: 7 June 2010

Jet-Chau Wen, Kuo-Chyang Chang, Shao-Yang Huang, Chia-Chen Hsu, Keng-Yu Chang and Wen-Ni Chen

Rivers flowing through the land are a source of life. They have different importance and functions such as for drinking, sailing, irrigating crops, generating electricity…

Abstract

Rivers flowing through the land are a source of life. They have different importance and functions such as for drinking, sailing, irrigating crops, generating electricity, sightseeing, fishing, and so on. In addition, animals like amphibians, birds, and mammals also live and propagate near the river environment. Therefore, rivers are ecosystems for some animals and plants that are special, rare, or on the brink of extinction (Water Resources Agency, Ministry of Economic Affairs, 2006).

Details

Water Communities
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-84950-699-1

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Book part
Publication date: 4 January 2014

Daniela Marconi and Francesca Sanna-Randaccio

The purpose of this study is to analyse the role of the clean development mechanism (CDM) established by the Kyoto Protocol in channelling foreign technology to China. Appraising…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to analyse the role of the clean development mechanism (CDM) established by the Kyoto Protocol in channelling foreign technology to China. Appraising the experience of CDM remains of key importance when drawing lessons for the post-2012 climate regime.

Methodology/approach

Descriptive analysis of the sources and the determinants of foreign technology transfer based on the examination of 1,355 registered projects. Econometric analysis of the probability of having a foreign supplier of technology in any project.

Findings

The prominence of German firms as technology providers and the absence of a strong relationship between technology suppliers and credit buyers. The econometric analysis finds that project size and cost, project location, credit buyers’ and consultants’ characteristics, as well as technology diffusion are all relevant factors in determining the probability of having a foreign supplier of technology.

Research implications

China is a particularly interesting case for analysing technology transfer in CDM projects since, after a slow start, the country has become the largest and most dynamic CDM recipient worldwide. Furthermore, the analysis of CDM projects may offer some insights into the complex web of technological links between Chinese and foreign firms.

Practical implications

The transfer of emission-saving technologies to developing countries is expected to play a major role in addressing environmental problems worldwide.

Originality/value

This study analyses the sources and determinants of international technology transfer in CDM projects in China, and offers some insights into how the characteristics of the major players and the links between them affect this phenomenon.

Details

International Business and Sustainable Development
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78190-990-4

Keywords

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