Sandra Renfro Callaghan, Chandra Subramaniam and Stuart Youngblood
This paper aims to directly test the assertion by proponents of executive stock option repricing that repricing leads to increased management retention. Previous studies find…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to directly test the assertion by proponents of executive stock option repricing that repricing leads to increased management retention. Previous studies find either no effect or decreased retention following stock price repricing. This paper uses a more precise research design to re-examine the relationship between stock option retention and management retention.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors use an empirical methodology and construct a sample of 158 firms and 201 repricing events, and a control sample of 201 non-repricing firms. They then examine executive turnover in the four years following the stock option repricing event.
Findings
It was found that, consistent with agency theory, stock option repricing actually results in greater executive retention. Specifically, CEO retention is significantly greater for repricing firms relative to non-repricing firms for up to three years following the repricing date, and non-CEO executive retention is significantly greater for two years.
Research limitations/implications
Firms continue to restructure management through stock option repricing. However, recent option repricing has been undertaken during a period when the economy is in decline, making it is difficult to disentangle effects of option repricing on management retention. Hence, this paper uses repricing data from an earlier period, from 1992-1997, when the economy was good.
Originality/value
Many firms argue that when stock options are out-of-the-money and managerial talent is in demand, repricing executive stock options is necessary to retain managers. Previous studies find contradictory or no support for this view. Using a much more precise methodology, this paper shows that firms do retain managers when they reprice their options compared to when they do not.
Details
Keywords
Chandra Subramaniam and Marcia Weidenmier Watson
This paper attempts to resolve the conflicting results on sticky cost behavior in prior literature. Large sample studies find that selling, general, and administrative costs…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper attempts to resolve the conflicting results on sticky cost behavior in prior literature. Large sample studies find that selling, general, and administrative costs (SG&A) and cost of goods sold (CGS) are sticky, that is, costs are less likely to decrease when activity decreases than to increase when activity increases. In contrast, studies limited to one industry find little or no sticky cost behavior.
Methodology/approach
We investigate whether SG&A and CGS sticky cost behavior differ across/ four major industry groups (manufacturing, merchandising, financial, and services) characterized by different production, operational, and economic environments. In addition, we study whether sticky cost behavior arises for all changes in activity level (as measured by revenue changes) or for only large changes in activity level. Finally, we investigate whether determinants of sticky cost behavior vary across industries.
Findings
Our results suggest that costs in the manufacturing industry are the “stickiest,” while costs in the merchandising industry are the “least sticky,” with financial and service industries exhibiting some level of sticky cost behavior. Further, we find that sticky cost behavior is industry-specific, both in the magnitude of activity changes that give rise to sticky cost behavior and in the determinants that drive the behavior.
Research limitations/implications
Our investigation of 20 distinct sub-industries within the “stickiest” manufacturing industry finds that while some sub-industry groupings show significant sticky behavior, most do not. This result may explain why, contrary to large sample studies, single industry studies find little or no sticky behavior in costs.
Originality/value
Our research is the first to try and reconcile the conflicting results on sticky cost behavior. Understanding the pervasiveness of stickiness is necessary to move research forward in this domain.
Details
Keywords
K. Krishna K., Lorane Scaria and Saju Madavanakadu Devassy
Adolescence is a stage where genetic and environmental vulnerabilities can emerge as behavioural and emotional disorders. Early detection and seeking professional help are…
Abstract
Purpose
Adolescence is a stage where genetic and environmental vulnerabilities can emerge as behavioural and emotional disorders. Early detection and seeking professional help are critical for these groups. This study aims to explore how mental health literacy (MHL) and other demographic variables impact help-seeking behaviour among adolescents in India.
Design/methodology/approach
This quantitative study used a structured questionnaire comprising demographic variables and standardized measurement tools to assess MHL, and help-seeking behaviour among adolescent pupils. Two hundred students aged 14 and above were randomly selected, with informed consent of themselves and their parents, from selected public and private schools in Ernakulam district, Kerala, India.
Findings
The mean age of the sample was 14.5 and 67% belonged to nuclear families with the majority being male (64%). The help-seeking attitude was negatively associated with the ability to recognize disorders among male students and positively associated with attitudes that promote recognition or appropriate help-seeking behaviour among female students. Additionally, hailing from extended families was associated with help-seeking behaviour among adolescent boys, but this relationship was not significant for girls.
Originality/value
The current study has identified that targeted interventions for male adolescents should focus on enhancing disorder recognition and leveraging family support, while those for female adolescents, the programs should promote positive attitudes towards recognizing mental health issues and help-seeking behaviours, integrating families and schools in the process.
Details
Keywords
Astha Jaiswal and Dinesh Kumar
This chapter overviews and briefly presents the literature concerning women and science from the field of feminist science studies (FSS). A major and time-consuming challenge…
Abstract
This chapter overviews and briefly presents the literature concerning women and science from the field of feminist science studies (FSS). A major and time-consuming challenge encountered during the process of this review was organising the highly varied subtopics into meaningful categories. For the sake of easy understanding, we begin the study by describing the field of science and technology study (STS) and then we move on to discuss the origin of FSS and major strands of intersection between science and feminist epistemology.
Details
Keywords
Jason O. Manaois, Chantal Ellis S. Tabo-Corpuz and Andrew G. Heise
This chapter reviews the empirical evidence for Psychological First Aid (PFA) in the context and experience of the Southeast Asian (SEA) region. First, this chapter provides the…
Abstract
This chapter reviews the empirical evidence for Psychological First Aid (PFA) in the context and experience of the Southeast Asian (SEA) region. First, this chapter provides the definition and background of PFA and its core principles, to explain the basis for doing PFA as part of an integrated approach to disaster mental health. Second, the existing literature on the effectiveness of PFA is reviewed. Third, this chapter examines the application and adaptation of PFA in SEA. Implications and recommendations are provided at the end of the chapter.
Details
Keywords
Thuy Thi Cam Nguyen, Anh Thi Hong Le and Cong Van Nguyen
Although there are many efforts within organisations to improve the financial performance of business processes, the results of studies on the impact of internal factors on the…
Abstract
Purpose
Although there are many efforts within organisations to improve the financial performance of business processes, the results of studies on the impact of internal factors on the financial performance of business processes in an organisation are inconsistent, even contradictory. Therefore, this paper aims to examine the extent and trends of the impact of factors inside companies on the financial performance of business processes and discover lessons learned to improve the financial performance of business processes.
Design/methodology/approach
This analysis was done through a quantitative study of listed companies in Vietnam. Pooled OLS regression, REM, FEM and robust regression were performed on 566 companies.
Findings
The results provide four main findings. First, firm size and operational efficiency strongly correlate with financial performance. Second, financial leverage has a negative, significant connection with financial performance. Third, net working capital has a positive and meaningful relationship with EPS and a negative association with ROE. Fourth, liquidity does not have any significant association with financial performance.
Research limitations/implications
This study only restricts the internal factors affecting the financial performance of business processes without mentioning the external factors. Furthermore, this study is limited to one emerging country and has not been compared with companies in different countries.
Practical implications
The findings of this study may help inform users inside and outside the organisation to understand the factors that affect the financial performance of business processes. As a result, information users will focus more on aspects that can improve their financial performance to make informed decisions.
Originality/value
This study has many differences compared to previous studies. First, it focuses on the internal factors affecting the financial performance of business processes in non-financial listed companies in Vietnam, which has an emerging economy. First, it focuses on the internal factors affecting the financial performance of business processes in non-financial listed companies in Vietnam, which has an emerging economy. Second, this study analyses data in companies' financial statements for the ten years from 2012 to 2021, when the Vietnamese economy, in particular, and the world economy experienced many fluctuations due to the impact of the post-financial crisis 2007–2008 and the COVID-19 pandemic. Third, this study provides empirical evidence to support RBV, RDT theories and the trade-off theory of capital structure.
Details
Keywords
Ashley Larsen Gibby, Tiffany Fox Okeke, Nancy Luke, Melissa Alcaraz and Mikaela Dufur
Much research has explored high levels of son preference in India, finding that parents often report a desire for more sons than daughters. While scholars have noted that a…
Abstract
Much research has explored high levels of son preference in India, finding that parents often report a desire for more sons than daughters. While scholars have noted that a nontrivial portion of respondents claim to have no sex preference, little is known about (1) the characteristics of this group and (2) how such parental preferences relate to child outcomes. We use data from a representative study of rural South Indian households (n = 7,891 adults) to address these gaps. Descriptive results show that a sizable portion of respondents – one in four – indicated that, at the start of their marriage, they had no preference for the number of daughters or sons they wanted. Further, multinomial regression results show that those who reported no sex preference at the time of marriage were more likely to be female, older, and less likely to be sterilized than those who reported equal or son preference, with additional distinctions across educational attainment and religion. Turning to child-level outcomes, we examined whether parents’ sex preferences related to adolescent mental health through ordinary least squares (OLS) regression models (n = 1,245 adolescents). Adolescents whose mothers stated no sex preference reported significantly fewer anxiety and depressive symptoms than their peers. Fathers’ sex preferences were not significantly related to adolescent mental health. These findings suggest that a lack of sex preference may hold meaningful and positive implications for adolescent mental health. Further, although son preference is a widespread phenomenon, singular attention on those with son preference may mask important nuances among Indian families.
Details
Keywords
Shweta Gupta, Shriram Pandey, Sidhartha Sahoo and Chandra Shekhar Pandey
The study examined the relationship between e-learning usage, creativity, e-learning utility and academic performance among undergraduate (UG) and postgraduate (PG) students at…
Abstract
Purpose
The study examined the relationship between e-learning usage, creativity, e-learning utility and academic performance among undergraduate (UG) and postgraduate (PG) students at Banaras Hindu University (BHU), India.
Design/methodology/approach
The data from 480 students were collected using a cross-sectional survey design. Pearson correlation analysis was performed in order to investigate the association between the variables.
Findings
The results revealed a significant positive correlation between time of use and academic performance (r = 0.294, p < 0.01). However, there was no significant correlation between time of use and the usability of e-learning in the attainment of learning outcomes. Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between time of use and creativity (r = −0.170, p < 0.01).
Practical implications
The results indicate that educators ought to promote consistent utilization of e-learning platforms to enhance scholarly achievements. However, learners should exercise prudence in their usage, as an over-reliance on these platforms may impede their creativity.
Originality/value
This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge regarding the impacts of e-learning on students' academic performance and creativity. Additionally, it offers instructing professionals and students who make use of e-learning platforms information that might be helpful to them.