Song Cen, Cheng Jin Wu, Zhi Li, Yan Shang and Chenfeng Li
The purpose of this paper is to give a review on the newest developments of high-performance finite element methods (FEMs), and exhibit the recent contributions achieved by the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to give a review on the newest developments of high-performance finite element methods (FEMs), and exhibit the recent contributions achieved by the authors’ group, especially showing some breakthroughs against inherent difficulties existing in the traditional FEM for a long time.
Design/methodology/approach
Three kinds of new FEMs are emphasized and introduced, including the hybrid stress-function element method, the hybrid displacement-function element method for Mindlin–Reissner plate and the improved unsymmetric FEM. The distinguished feature of these three methods is that they all apply the fundamental analytical solutions of elasticity expressed in different coordinates as their trial functions.
Findings
The new FEMs show advantages from both analytical and numerical approaches. All the models exhibit outstanding capacity for resisting various severe mesh distortions, and even perform well when other models cannot work. Some difficulties in the history of FEM are also broken through, such as the limitations defined by MacNeal’s theorem and the edge-effect problems of Mindlin–Reissner plate.
Originality/value
These contributions possess high value for solving the difficulties in engineering computations, and promote the progress of FEM.
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Keywords
Yu Chen, Xiaoning Zhu, Xueli Xiong, Cen Zhang and Jiashun Huang
Corporations, as key contributors of greenhouse gas emissions, have been increasingly scrutinized by governments and stakeholders. Corporations have been asked to disclose their…
Abstract
Purpose
Corporations, as key contributors of greenhouse gas emissions, have been increasingly scrutinized by governments and stakeholders. Corporations have been asked to disclose their carbon-related information. This study investigates public corporate carbon disclosure, an imperative communication channel between firms.
Design/methodology/approach
This study uses generalized estimation equation models with a longitudinal panel data of 311 listed firms in the China A-share stock index from 2010 to 2020. This study collected firm-level data from the Carbon Disclosure Project survey, the China Stock Market and Accounting Research, and the National Economic Research Institute of China. Stata was used as the primary statistic software in empirical analyses.
Findings
This study finds that compared to state-owned enterprises (SOEs), private firms are more willing to disclose carbon information under legitimate environmental pressure, and firms in highly distorted factor-markets are reluctant to disclose carbon information. This study finds that factor-distortion markets further moderate ownership and lead private firms in highly distorted factor-markets to behave like SOEs by significantly reducing their carbon disclosures.
Originality/value
This study intends to contribute to the corporate carbon disclosure literature by adding important institutional determinants to the conversation in the context of China.
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Peng Huang, Hongmei Jiang, Shuxian Wang and Jiandeng Huang
Human behavior recognition poses a pivotal challenge in intelligent computing and cybernetics, significantly impacting engineering and management systems. With the rapid…
Abstract
Purpose
Human behavior recognition poses a pivotal challenge in intelligent computing and cybernetics, significantly impacting engineering and management systems. With the rapid advancement of autonomous systems and intelligent manufacturing, there is an increasing demand for precise and efficient human behavior recognition technologies. However, traditional methods often suffer from insufficient accuracy and limited generalization ability when dealing with complex and diverse human actions. Therefore, this study aims to enhance the precision of human behavior recognition by proposing an innovative framework, dynamic graph convolutional networks with multi-scale position attention (DGCN-MPA) to sup.
Design/methodology/approach
The primary applications are in autonomous systems and intelligent manufacturing. The main objective of this study is to develop an efficient human behavior recognition framework that leverages advanced techniques to improve the prediction and interpretation of human actions. This framework aims to address the shortcomings of existing methods in handling the complexity and variability of human actions, providing more reliable and precise solutions for practical applications. The proposed DGCN-MPA framework integrates the strengths of convolutional neural networks and graph-based models. It innovatively incorporates wavelet packet transform to extract time-frequency characteristics and a MPA module to enhance the representation of skeletal node positions. The core innovation lies in the fusion of dynamic graph convolution with hierarchical attention mechanisms, which selectively attend to relevant features and spatial relationships, adjusting their importance across scales to address the variability in human actions.
Findings
To validate the effectiveness of the DGCN-MPA framework, rigorous evaluations were conducted on benchmark datasets such as NTU-RGB + D and Kinetics-Skeleton. The results demonstrate that the framework achieves an F1 score of 62.18% and an accuracy of 75.93% on NTU-RGB + D and an F1 score of 69.34% and an accuracy of 76.86% on Kinetics-Skeleton, outperforming existing models. These findings underscore the framework’s capability to capture complex behavior patterns with high precision.
Originality/value
By introducing a dynamic graph convolutional approach combined with multi-scale position attention mechanisms, this study represents a significant advancement in human behavior recognition technologies. The innovative design and superior performance of the DGCN-MPA framework contribute to its potential for real-world applications, particularly in integrating behavior recognition into engineering and autonomous systems. In the future, this framework has the potential to further propel the development of intelligent computing, cybernetics and related fields.
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Unethical pro-organizational behavior (UPB) harms organizations’ long-term development; hence, all sectors of society view it as highly concerning. Optimizing leadership and…
Abstract
Purpose
Unethical pro-organizational behavior (UPB) harms organizations’ long-term development; hence, all sectors of society view it as highly concerning. Optimizing leadership and curbing this behavior is a key managerial challenge. This study takes the relationship between temporal leadership and UPB as its object and examines the direct and indirect paths of temporal leadership’s influence on UPB based on the conservation of resources theory. It further dissects the mediating mechanism of emotional exhaustion and the regulating mechanism of job complexity and constructs the mechanism through which temporal leadership affects UPB.
Design/methodology/approach
Data gathered from a sample of 380 employees in 24 provinces and cities were employed for empirical testing using validated factor analysis, hierarchical regression analysis, and a bootstrap method.
Findings
The results show that temporal leadership inhibits UPB, while emotional exhaustion partially mediates the relationship between temporal leadership and UPB. That is, temporal leadership inhibits pro-organizational unethical behavior by alleviating emotional exhaustion. In addition, job complexity negatively moderates the relationship between emotional exhaustion and UPB and positively moderates the mediating role of emotional exhaustion between temporal leadership and UPB.
Research limitations/implications
First, although the data used in the study were collected at two different times, they were obtained through self-assessment; therefore, the subjective component and the potential problem of common method bias is evident. Second, the study’s sample size and types of respondents are limited.
Practical implications
1. This study found that temporal leadership can inhibit UPB by reducing employee emotional exhaustion. Therefore, organizations should place greater emphasis on the time factor. 2. In terms of emotional factors, organizations should actively focus on the impact of emotional exhaustion on employees' UPBs. 3. In management practice, managers should adjust their leadership modeling behaviors according to the different degrees of job complexity to replace UPBs with conscious and rational behaviors.
Social implications
The study reveals how temporal leadership affects UPB and provides a theoretical basis for organizations to mitigate employees' UPB by optimizing their leadership style.
Originality/value
Current research on temporal leadership primarily focuses on the positive predictive effects on individual behaviors and attitudes (Zhang and Ling, 2016), but neglects its effects on negative behaviors. This study’s results complement research on the relationship between temporal leadership and employees' negative behaviors and responds to the call by Zhang and Ling (2015) to conduct research related to temporal leadership in China. On the other hand, current research on employees’ UPB largely focuses on its causative factors, while less research has been conducted on the disincentives for UPB, which to some extent limits systematic and sound research on UPB.
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Yixin Zhang, Lizhen Cui, Wei He, Xudong Lu and Shipeng Wang
The behavioral decision-making of digital-self is one of the important research contents of the network of crowd intelligence. The factors and mechanisms that affect…
Abstract
Purpose
The behavioral decision-making of digital-self is one of the important research contents of the network of crowd intelligence. The factors and mechanisms that affect decision-making have attracted the attention of many researchers. Among the factors that influence decision-making, the mind of digital-self plays an important role. Exploring the influence mechanism of digital-selfs’ mind on decision-making is helpful to understand the behaviors of the crowd intelligence network and improve the transaction efficiency in the network of CrowdIntell.
Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the authors use behavioral pattern perception layer, multi-aspect perception layer and memory network enhancement layer to adaptively explore the mind of a digital-self and generate the mental representation of a digital-self from three aspects including external behavior, multi-aspect factors of the mind and memory units. The authors use the mental representations to assist behavioral decision-making.
Findings
The evaluation in real-world open data sets shows that the proposed method can model the mind and verify the influence of the mind on the behavioral decisions, and its performance is better than the universal baseline methods for modeling user interest.
Originality/value
In general, the authors use the behaviors of the digital-self to mine and explore its mind, which is used to assist the digital-self to make decisions and promote the transaction in the network of CrowdIntell. This work is one of the early attempts, which uses neural networks to model the mental representation of digital-self.
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Ding-you Lei, Feng Niu and Ying-gui Zhang
This paper aims to propose a systematic approach to facilitate passenger flow in high speed rail (HSR) stations. A case study is conducted to validate the approach.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to propose a systematic approach to facilitate passenger flow in high speed rail (HSR) stations. A case study is conducted to validate the approach.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper argues that HSR station management consists of train management, station capacity management, waiting room management and passenger flow management, and that two-way and dynamic information exchange exists among the components. Accordingly, the proposed approach integrates the components in HSR station management based on information exchange and heuristic algorithms. A HSR station in China with four regular waiting rooms, one mother-and-infant waiting room and one VIP waiting room located on two floors are chosen for a case study. An arrangement plan for waiting zones and waiting rooms is generated by following the proposed approach.
Findings
The result of the case study indicates that the proposed approach is capable of arranging waiting zones and waiting rooms quickly and effectively to maximize utilization of waiting room capacity and to minimize passenger walking distance from waiting rooms to platforms.
Research limitations/implications
The management problem of railway station waiting room also relates to some other factors such as platforms, tracks adjustment and delay of the trains. As an emerging technology, the Internet of Things (IoT) is expected to offer promising solutions to transform the operation and role of many existing industrial systems such as transportation systems including railway systems. The future study of the authors will focus on IoT intelligent railway management system.
Practical implications
The result indicates that the proposed method is an effective solution to the management of railway station waiting room, which can be applied to railway station management system.
Social implications
China Railway System provides service to billions of passengers. This research has significant social-economic impacts.
Originality/value
This paper fulfills an information integrated approach for improving waiting room management in high speed railway stations and a case study testing the approach.
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Keywords
I. Aliyu, S.M. Sapuan, E.S. Zainudin, M.Y.M. Zuhri and Y. Ridwan
The conflicting results on the corrosion characteristics of aluminium matrix composites reinforced with agrarian waste have stimulated an investigation on the hardness and…
Abstract
Purpose
The conflicting results on the corrosion characteristics of aluminium matrix composites reinforced with agrarian waste have stimulated an investigation on the hardness and corrosion rate of sugar palm fibre ash (SPFA) reinforced LM26 Al/alloy composite by varying the SPFA from 0 to 10 wt% in an interval of 2 wt%. This paper aims to discuss the aforementioned issue.
Design/methodology/approach
The composites were produced via stir-casting and the hardness was determined using a Vickers hardness testing machine, corrosion rate was examined through the weight loss method by immersion in 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) at temperatures of 303, 318, and 333 K for the maximum duration of 120 h. The morphological study was conducted using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) on the samples before and after immersion in HCl.
Findings
The incorporation of SPFA improved the hardness of the alloy from 58.22 to 93.62 VH after 10 wt% addition. The corrosion rate increases with increased content of SPFA, the concentration of HCl and temperature. The least corrosion rate of 0.0272 mpy was observed for the LM26 Al alloy in 0.5 M after 24 h while the highest corrosion rate of 0.8511 mpy was recorded for LM26 Al/10 wt% SPFA in 1.5 M HCl acid after 120 h. The SEM image of corroded samples revealed an increased number of pits with increased SPFA content.
Research limitations/implications
The work is limited to SPFA up to 10 wt% as reinforcement in LM26 Al alloy, the use of HCl as corrosion medium, temperatures in the range of 303–333 K, and a weight loss method were used to evaluate the corrosion rate.
Originality/value
The corrosion rate was determined for LM26 Al/SPFA composites with various amounts of SPFA in 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 M HCl at 303, 318 and 333 K and compared with the matrix alloy.
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Dong Qiang Gao, Rui Wang and Wei Chen
The effect of the load on the tribological properties of Si3N4-hBN sliding against Si3N4 were investigated under dry and water lubrication condition.
Abstract
Purpose
The effect of the load on the tribological properties of Si3N4-hBN sliding against Si3N4 were investigated under dry and water lubrication condition.
Design/methodology/approach
Using a MMU-5G type pin-on-disc friction and wear tester.
Findings
Under the dry friction, the wear mechanism was dominated by ploughing and abrasive wear, and the contact status was elastic contact under the load less than 25 N. With the increase of the load, the friction coefficient decreased; the main wear mechanism was fatigue fracture, and the contact status turned into plastic contact. Under water lubrication, effective lubrication film could be produced on the worn surface, and it had a function of fluid lubrication under the load less than 15 N. With the increase of the load, the pin and the disc came into direct contact, and the friction and wear of the pairs were aggravated; the wear mechanism changed from chemical wear into abrasive wear and brittle spalling.
Originality/value
The study on the effect of the load on the tribological properties of Si3N4-hBN sliding against Si3N4 was investigated under dry and water lubrication condition in the way of contact stress.
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Keywords
Han Z. Li, Huisheng Sun, Zhenqi Liu, Yu Zhang and Qingchun Cheng
The purpose of this paper is to find out the anti‐smoking counselling frequency and its correlates in a sample of Chinese physicians.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to find out the anti‐smoking counselling frequency and its correlates in a sample of Chinese physicians.
Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, 268 physicians in Baoding, a city near Beijing, filled out a questionnaire asking about their own smoking status, their anti‐smoking behaviors as well as their opinions on how to reduce cigarette smoking in China.
Findings
The paper finds that 54 percent of the male and 8.4 percent of the female physicians were current cigarette smokers. When asked whether they had counselled their patients about cigarette smoking in the past year, 43.7 percent answered “always”; 38.1 percent “often”; 13.1 percent “sometimes”; 2.6 percent “occasionally”, and 2.6 percent said: “not much”. However, only 9.0 percent said that they were “very successful”. Physicians' anti‐smoking counselling practices were highly correlated with their own smoking status; whether they perceived their past anti‐smoking activities as successful; whether they thought that they should set examples by not smoking; whether they felt that they had the responsibility to help patients and whether they perceived themselves as influential in persuading patients to quit smoking.
Practical implications
The paper shows that messages aimed at increasing Chinese physicians' anti‐smoking counselling should appeal to their responsibility, exemplary role, and unique influence on patients' health‐related behaviors.
Originality/value
The paper adds to the few studies on Chinese physicians' cigarette smoking behavior and their anti‐smoking activities. In a country where cigarette smoking is a way of life among males, and few people are aware of the health consequences of cigarette smoking, physicians' efforts can be a spearhead to a cessation campaign.