Regulation imposes both direct and indirect costs. Regulators have to be conscious of these costs and the finite resources available to them. The paper outlines the way in which…
Abstract
Regulation imposes both direct and indirect costs. Regulators have to be conscious of these costs and the finite resources available to them. The paper outlines the way in which the Financial Services Authority (FSA) has developed a system of financial supervision under which resources are directed to those issues, firms and consumers which pose the greatest risks or opportunities when judged against its statutory objectives. The application of a risk‐based approach to supervision is effectively required by a number of principles of good regulation enshrined in legislation along with a requirement to undertake cost‐benefit analysis when devising new rules. As well as informing high‐level aims, the paper shows how the risk‐based approach, through the FSA’s planning and budget process and firm specific risk assessments, affects decisions on supervisory issues and resource allocation. It also outlines how the FSA will account to government for its performance.
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UK companies face an increasingly aggressive regulatory environment. A recent study by the LSE shows that UK directors are ill‐equipped to deal with increasing regulatory risk…
Abstract
UK companies face an increasingly aggressive regulatory environment. A recent study by the LSE shows that UK directors are ill‐equipped to deal with increasing regulatory risk. While they are aware of these growing risks, almost a third of boards do not know about the activities in their companies that could lead to a regulatory intervention. Less than one in five are “very confident” in their risk management processes. UK companies also fail to effectively monitor and influence new regulations. Businesses need to adopt a proactive approach to handling these risks, acting at all stages of the regulatory cycle. By doing so, they can afford themselves a competitive advantage, and reduce the chances of facing severe corporate and personal penalties.
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This paper sets out to evaluate the financial security consequences of the terrorists attack on the USA of 11 September 2001 with specific regard to money laundering.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper sets out to evaluate the financial security consequences of the terrorists attack on the USA of 11 September 2001 with specific regard to money laundering.
Design/methodology/approach
The study itemises in minute detail the litany of actual and potential financial legislation in the wake of 9/11 in both the USA and the UK.
Findings
Basically, the study finds the depriving criminals of the proceeds of their crimes is illusory and ineffectual, since they never have sufficient funds available for confiscation in the first place.
Originality/value
The paper arguably represents the most comprehensive evaluation to date of the financial issues, both real and hypothetical, thrown up on both sides of the Atlantic by the events of 9/11.
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Abstract
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The trafficking of women for the purpose of sexual exploitation has become a global business operated by organised crime groups and is now viewed as having reached ‘critical…
Abstract
The trafficking of women for the purpose of sexual exploitation has become a global business operated by organised crime groups and is now viewed as having reached ‘critical proportions’. Trafficking exists to meet the market demand for women who are used in brothels, the production of pornography and other aspects of the ‘sex industry’. It is nothing less than a modern day slave trade.
Carol A. Archbold and Kimberly D. Hassell
This paper aims to examine some of the factors associated with the decision to participate in the promotion process for female police officers in a Midwestern police agency.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to examine some of the factors associated with the decision to participate in the promotion process for female police officers in a Midwestern police agency.
Design/methodology/approach
Face‐to‐face, structured interviews were conducted in the spring of 2006 with most (74 percent) of the female police officers employed by a Midwestern, municipal police agency.
Findings
The authors identified several organizational and personal factors that impact on female police officers' decision to participate in the promotion process. This study also uncovers a factor that has not been addressed in previous research: how being married to fellow police officers (or part of a “cop couple”) can restrict the upward mobility of female police officers.
Research limitations/implications
Data for this study were collected from one municipal police agency in the Midwest; therefore, the research findings may not be generalizable to small or very large police agencies. In addition, the female officers in this police agency comprise a relatively high percentage of sworn positions (15 percent) compared to the national average of 12.6 percent; therefore, the experiences of the women in this department may not be representative of other female police officers working in agencies where women comprise either more or less than 15 percent of all sworn positions. Another limitation of this study is that the sample size is small. This is a limitation that most researchers will encounter when they choose to study female police officers, as there are so few women who work in American police agencies.
Practical implications
By identifying the barriers that female officers face when deciding to go through the promotion process, the authors were able to provide several administrative changes that could be made to encourage more female officers to participate in the promotion process.
Originality/value
There is very limited published research on the promotion of female police officers. This study uncovers a factor that has not been addressed in previous research: how being married to fellow police officers can restrict the upward mobility of female police officers, thus resulting in a “marriage tax” for female police officers.
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Three examples are given of the work of QueenAlexandra College for the Blind in Birmingham. ACommercial Studies course which helps visuallyhandicapped students to cope in a…
Abstract
Three examples are given of the work of Queen Alexandra College for the Blind in Birmingham. A Commercial Studies course which helps visually handicapped students to cope in a workplace environment is described. The students learn to use office machines and all students have three weeks′ work experience.
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The purpose of this paper is to articulate why money laundering is a matter of concern for stock market operations. It examines how anti‐money laundering efforts contribute to…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to articulate why money laundering is a matter of concern for stock market operations. It examines how anti‐money laundering efforts contribute to good governance and, conversely, how good governance measures themselves help promote anti‐money laundering efforts.
Design/methodology/approach
This review examines issues and concerns from a theoretical perspective and, based on some of the governance problems that have led to the collapse of various corporations, it examines how good governance can make a difference.
Findings
The paper proves that good governance norms and practices can influence the further development and refinement of anti‐money laundering and terrorist financing regimes and their effective implementation. Likewise, compliance with anti‐money laundering and terrorist financing regimes can help create an environment conducive to the achievement of good governance norms and practices.
Research limitations/implications
Noting that very little empirical research has been done so far on the issue of money laundering in the context of stock market operations, the paper suggests that researchers should accord more attention to this subject.
Originality/value
The paper sheds light on an important area that has not been the subject of previous research studies and points to the importance of qualitative research in promoting a culture of stable and compliant capital markets.
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Communications regarding this column should be addressed to Mrs. Cheney, Peabody Library School, Nashville, Tenn. 37203. Mrs. Cheney does not sell the books listed here. They are…
Abstract
Communications regarding this column should be addressed to Mrs. Cheney, Peabody Library School, Nashville, Tenn. 37203. Mrs. Cheney does not sell the books listed here. They are available through normal trade sources. Mrs. Cheney, being a member of the editorial board of Pierian Press, will not review Pierian Press reference books in this column. Descriptions of Pierian Press reference books will be included elsewhere in this publication.
Kimberly D. Hassell and Carol A. Archbold
This study aims to examine the relationship between officer characteristics, productivity levels, situational context, the complaint process and allegations of police misconduct…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to examine the relationship between officer characteristics, productivity levels, situational context, the complaint process and allegations of police misconduct in a Midwestern municipal police agency.
Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected for all formal and informal complaints filed against patrol officers from 2002‐2005. Demographic information, arrest, citation and report data, as well as data regarding the number of officers on scene during the police citizen contact that resulted in the complaint were utilized in these analyses.
Findings
The analyses in this study demonstrate that more aggressive officers – those who issue a greater number of citations – will generate a greater number of complaints of misconduct. Two variables explain the processing of formal complaints: number of officers present and the nature of the complaint. Further, the analyses indicate that informal complaints are a viable source of data and that the collection and archival of informal complaints can be a useful indicator for internal control of police misconduct.
Practical implications
The findings indicate that police departments must employ internal mechanisms, such as early warning systems to deal with police misconduct. Internal monitoring of police conduct may be the best way to detect misconduct as relying solely on citizen complaints as measures of police misconduct does not appear to be warranted.
Originality/value
This paper adds to the literature on complaints of police misconduct by including several variables not previously examined. Further, this study analyzes both formal and informal complaints; there are no other studies that examine informal complaints of misconduct. This study also investigates the complaint process, including frequency, nature, disposition and discipline administered following disposition of formal complaints.