Carla L. MacLean, Veronica Stinson, E. Kevin Kelloway and Ronald P. Fisher
Industrial incident investigations determine what caused an adverse workplace event so that preventative measures can be instituted and reduce the risk of such incidents happening…
Abstract
Purpose
Industrial incident investigations determine what caused an adverse workplace event so that preventative measures can be instituted and reduce the risk of such incidents happening again. Investigators gather evidence from multiple sources in an investigation and one such source is the people in, or around, the industrial incident. The purpose of the current study is to examine if recall strategy could affect eyewitnesses' recollections of a workplace incident.
Design/methodology/approach
The current study is a 3 (Post‐Event Context: Think, Filler, Discuss)×2 (Incident Investigation Form: Psychologically‐Based vs. Standard Investigation Form) between‐subjects factorial design. Participant‐witnesses watched a simulated videotaped workplace incident (n=196) then either: thought about the event, discussed it with fellow witnesses, or engaged in an unrelated task. Subsequently, participants recalled the details of the adverse event on an incident report form: a Standard Investigation Form or a form based on principles of cognition (Psychologically‐Based Form).
Findings
Compared to the Standard Investigation Form condition, eyewitnesses in the Psychologically‐Based Form condition recalled significantly more pieces of accurate information at a reduced accuracy rate. Post‐event context produced no significant differences in participant‐witnesses' reporting.
Practical implications
The data suggest that incorporating some principles of memory and cognition into incident investigations have the potential to enhance accurate recollection of a workplace event.
Originality/value
This study is among the first to apply psychological theory to enhance eyewitness reports of an industrial incident. In so doing this research contributes to recent literature that explores eyewitness recall for industrial events.
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Carla Curado, Maria Miguel Jesus and Nick Bontis
The purpose of this study is to identify managerial perceptions, as well as individual and organizational contingencies, that influence the use of balanced scorecard (BSC) among…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to identify managerial perceptions, as well as individual and organizational contingencies, that influence the use of balanced scorecard (BSC) among SMEs.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper adopts a mixed methods approach to study the use of the BSC from a survey database of 414 SMEs across several industries in Portugal.
Findings
This paper shows the perceived benefits, reasoning and obstacles that managers face when using the BSC in SMEs. The BSC is not the first choice for strategic management control of most firms in the sample. Most SMEs in this study have an explicitly formulated business strategy. The results show that it is possible to implement the BSC in SMEs without a formalized strategy. Such findings seem to suggest that the use of the BSC may stimulate the formulation of strategies for those firms.
Research limitations/implications
The use of fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis limits the generalization of the findings; nonetheless, the transparency of the report enables replication without restrictions.
Practical implications
This paper proposes that the size of the firm and the characteristics of the manager may compensate for the absence of a strategy to guide BSC use.
Social implications
This paper advises a match between the stage of development of the SMEs strategy and the gender of the manager, which may have implications for recruitment purposes.
Originality/value
This study reports alternative configurations of individual and organizational conditions that lead to the use of the BSC in SMEs as well as configurations that prevent its use.
Objetivo
El propósito de este estudio es identificar las percepciones de los gerentes, así como las contingencias individuales y organizacionales, que influyen en el uso del BSC entre las PYMEs.
Diseño/metodología/enfoque
Adoptamos un enfoque de métodos mixtos para estudiar el uso del BSC a partir de una base de datos de encuestas de 414 PYMEs de varias industrias en Portugal.
Resultados/hallazgos
Mostramos los beneficios percibidos, el razonamiento y los obstáculos que enfrentan los gerentes al utilizar el BSC en las PYMEs. El BSC no es la primera opción para el control de gestión estratégica de la mayoría de las empresas de la muestra. La mayoría de las PYMEs en este estudio tienen una estrategia comercial explícitamente formulada. Los resultados muestran que es posible implementar el BSC en PYMEs sin una estrategia formalizada. Estos hallazgos parecen sugerir que el uso del BSC puede estimular la formulación de estrategias para esas empresas.
Originalidad
Este estudio reporta configuraciones alternativas de condiciones individuales y organizacionales que conducen al uso del BSC en las PYMEs, así como configuraciones que impiden su uso.
Limitaciones/implicaciones de la investigación
El uso de la fsQCA limita la generalización de los hallazgos; no obstante, la transparencia del informe permite replicarlo sin restricciones.
Implicaciones prácticas
Proponemos que el tamaño de la empresa y las características del gerente pueden compensar la ausencia de una estrategia que oriente el uso del BSC.
Implicaciones sociales
Aconsejamos hacer coincidir la etapa de desarrollo de la estrategia para las PYMEs y el género del gerente, lo que puede tener implicaciones a efectos de contratación.
Objetivo
O objetivo deste estudo é identificar as perceções dos gestores, bem como as contingências individuais e organizacionais, que influenciam o uso do BSC entre as PMEs.
Desenho/metodologia/abordagem
Adotamos uma abordagem de métodos mistos para estudar a utilização do BSC a partir de uma base de dados de inquérito a 414 PMEs de diversas indústrias em Portugal.
Resultados
Mostramos os benefícios percebidos, o raciocínio e os obstáculos que os gestores enfrentam ao usar o BSC nas PMEs. O BSC não é a primeira escolha para o controle estratégico de gestão da maioria das empresas da amostra. A maioria das PMEs neste estudo tem uma estratégia empresarial explicitamente formulada. Os resultados mostram que é possível implementar o BSC nas PME sem uma estratégia formalizada. Tais resultados parecem sugerir que a utilização do BSC pode estimular a formulação de estratégias para essas empresas.
Originalidade
Este estudo relata configurações alternativas de condições individuais e organizacionais que levam à utilização do BSC nas PMEs, bem como configurações que impedem a sua utilização.
Limitações/implicações da pesquisa
O uso do fsQCA limita a generalização dos resultados; no entanto, a transparência do relatório permite a replicação sem restrições.
Implicações práticas
Propomos que o tamanho da empresa e as características do gestor podem compensar a ausência de uma estratégia para orientar o uso do BSC.
Implicações sociais
Aconselhamos uma correspondência entre o estágio de desenvolvimento da estratégia para as PMEs e o género do gestor, o que pode ter implicações para efeitos de recrutamento.
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Carla Wiggins and Teri Peterson
Does gender by itself, or does gender's interaction with career variables, better explain the difference between women and men's careers in healthcare management? US healthcare…
Abstract
Does gender by itself, or does gender's interaction with career variables, better explain the difference between women and men's careers in healthcare management? US healthcare managers were surveyed regarding career and personal experiences. Gender was statistically interacted with explanatory variables. Multiple regression with backwards selection systematically removed non‐significant variables. All gender interaction variables were non‐significant. Much of the literature proposes that work and career factors impact working women differently than working men. We find that while gender alone is a significant predictor of income, it does not significantly interact with other career variables.
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In April we celebrate Pets Are Wonderful Month (PAW) to honor the companion animals that bring joy and love to their owners' lives. Humans have lived with animals as companions…
Abstract
In April we celebrate Pets Are Wonderful Month (PAW) to honor the companion animals that bring joy and love to their owners' lives. Humans have lived with animals as companions for thousands of years and during that time our knowledge about the animals we choose as pets has grown enormously. Recent research involving pet therapy indicates that not only do pets give us love and companionship, but they also are beneficial to our physical and mental health. Pets are used in nursing homes, prisons, and mental health institutions, with autistic children, and in many other capacities.
Aristides Isidoro Ferreira, Carla Cardoso and Timo Braun
This study drew upon conservation of resources and organizational support theory to develop a deeper understanding of the antecedents of affective and behavioral reactions to…
Abstract
Purpose
This study drew upon conservation of resources and organizational support theory to develop a deeper understanding of the antecedents of affective and behavioral reactions to change processes. The purpose of this paper is to construct a theoretical framework based on previous findings of change management research to suggest that the relationship between organizational support and resistance to change is mediated by ego-resilience. This framework was then validated empirically.
Design/methodology/approach
To test this model, the mediation relationship was examined using regression analysis with bootstrapping. The sample consisted of 323 employees from private and public organizations.
Findings
The results confirmed that the relationship between organizational support and affective and behavioral reactions to imposed change is mediated by ego-resilience. The theoretical model was thus validated for use in future research.
Research limitations/implications
This study’s findings have implications for organizations regarding how managers guide their employees through change processes. The research’s limitations arise from the use of convenience non-probability sampling and cross-sectional, self-reported data, which only allow for a tentative generalizability of the results.
Originality/value
The findings show that organizational change processes are affected by factors on both the individual (i.e. ego-resilience) and organizational level (i.e. organizational support). This study’s results thus provide empirical support for the conclusion that ego-resilience mediates the indirect relationship between organizational support and employees’ resistance to change.
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Interdependence on the global economy and rapid technological changes raised the degree of uncertainty and complexity, leading to innovation challenges. Innovation depends on…
Abstract
Purpose
Interdependence on the global economy and rapid technological changes raised the degree of uncertainty and complexity, leading to innovation challenges. Innovation depends on knowledge, and the solution might rest on how sound firms manage it, particularly in emerging markets such as India. The purpose of this paper is to examine how firms implement knowledge management (KM) in highly innovation-oriented firms (biotechnology and pharmaceuticals) and the factors affecting its implementation by examining knowledge interactions between individuals.
Design/methodology/approach
This study consists of a systematic literature review, a case study with embedded units and the use of grounded theory to analyse the data. The factors emerging from the results were examined from an individual and organisational lens. Next, complexity theory (CT) was used to understand the impact of these factors in KM by facilitating its incorporation as a system.
Findings
The findings of this paper suggest that constant technology adoption increases human-to-technology interaction, higher circulation of existing knowledge and more controlled environments, discouraging individuals from learning or sharing knowledge. From a system perspective, results of this paper suggest that firms self-organise around technology, indicating that innovation decreases as knowledge creation and sharing tend to reduce with lesser social interactions. This study shows the usefulness of using CT in analysing KM for innovation. The performance of the system is analysed based on its constituents and interactions.
Originality/value
This study contributes to advancing CT in KM in the context of innovation in highly knowledge-intensive firms, as few studies were found in the literature.