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Article
Publication date: 23 January 2009

C.M.R. Prabhu and Ajay Kumar Singh

Low power static‐random access memories (SRAM) has become a critical component in modern VLSI systems. In cells, the bit‐lines are the most power consuming components because of…

491

Abstract

Purpose

Low power static‐random access memories (SRAM) has become a critical component in modern VLSI systems. In cells, the bit‐lines are the most power consuming components because of larger power dissipation in driving long bit‐line with large capacitance. The cache write consumes considerable large power due to full voltage swing on the bit‐line. The aim of the paper is to propose a new SRAM cell architecture to reduce the power consumption during write 0 and write 1 operation.

Design/methodology/approach

The proposed circuit includes two tail transistors in the pull‐down path of inv‐A and inv‐B. The simulated results of the proposed cell is compared with Conventional 6T SRAM cell and zero‐asymmetric SRAM cell.

Findings

The proposed SRAM cell consumes less power than the conventional SRAM cell during write operation. The write access delay is reported to be lower than conventional and ZA SRAMs in the proposed circuit. The read operation is similar to Conventional SRAM cell but due to tail transistors the read access delay and stability is poor in the present circuit which can be improved by careful transistors sizing.

Originality/value

The paper proposes a SRAM cell to reduce the power in write “0” as well as write “1”operation by introducing two tail transistors.

Details

Microelectronics International, vol. 26 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1356-5362

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Book part
Publication date: 1 September 2023

Ishu Chadda

Abstract

Details

Social Sector Development and Inclusive Growth in India
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83753-187-5

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Book part
Publication date: 16 July 2018

Som Sekhar Bhattacharyya and Sumi Jha

Abstract

Details

Strategic Leadership Models and Theories: Indian Perspectives
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78756-259-2

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Book part
Publication date: 3 July 2018

V. Kumar, Ankit Anand and Nandini Nim

Traditionally, firms have been dependent on internal sources such as their own employees – and up to a certain extent, on some external sources, their customers – for innovation…

Abstract

Purpose

Traditionally, firms have been dependent on internal sources such as their own employees – and up to a certain extent, on some external sources, their customers – for innovation. However, in the current scenario of technological dynamism, firms are exploring multiple sources to generate ideas for innovation. Therefore, there is a need to understand the relative effect of various sources of innovations on a firm’s performance.

Methodology/approach

We offer a conceptual framework where we identify six distinct sources of innovations – firm, customers, external network, competition, macro-environment, and technology and how they create value for focal firms especially their brand equity. We introduce a taxonomy of various costs and benefits related to innovations. We then argue using our proposed taxonomy to understand the relative strengths of various sources of innovation affecting a firm’s brand equity.

Findings

We discuss and compare the relative effects of these sources of innovations on a firm’s brand equity by rank-ordering the sources. The customers and the technology as a source of innovation have the maximum impact on the firm’s brand equity followed by the marginal impact of macro-environment and external network of a firm. The firm itself has a moderate impact on its brand equity, while competition has the minimal impact. Further, we also discuss how the relationship is moderated by different innovation characteristics (nature and type of innovations).

Practical implications

The main practical implication is to create awareness among managers about various costs and benefits of the proposed six sources of innovations and their effects on brand equity. Managers would be able to prioritize their sources of innovation based on firms’ current needs, and whether to focus on lower costs or building higher brand equity in the scarce resource environment.

Originality/value

We offer a comprehensive list of six sources of innovation, build a conceptual framework wherein we discuss the relative strengths of these sources affecting brand equity.

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Article
Publication date: 9 January 2019

Xiaoyu Hu, Evan Chodora, Saurabh Prabhu, Akshay Gupte and Sez Atamturktur

This paper aims to present an approach for calibrating the numerical models of dynamical systems that have spatially localized nonlinear components. The approach implements the…

187

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to present an approach for calibrating the numerical models of dynamical systems that have spatially localized nonlinear components. The approach implements the extended constitutive relation error (ECRE) method using multi-harmonic coefficients and is conceived to separate the errors in the representation of the global, linear and local, nonlinear components of the dynamical system through a two-step process.

Design/methodology/approach

The first step focuses on the system’s predominantly linear dynamic response under a low magnitude periodic excitation. In this step, the discrepancy between measured and predicted multi-harmonic coefficients is calculated in terms of residual energy. This residual energy is in turn used to spatially locate errors in the model, through which one can identify the erroneous model inputs which govern the linear behavior that need to be calibrated. The second step involves measuring the system’s nonlinear dynamic response under a high magnitude periodic excitation. In this step, the response measurements under both low and high magnitude excitation are used to iteratively calibrate the identified linear and nonlinear input parameters.

Findings

When model error is present in both linear and nonlinear components, the proposed iterative combined multi-harmonic balance method (MHB)-ECRE calibration approach has shown superiority to the conventional MHB-ECRE method, while providing more reliable calibration results of the nonlinear parameter with less dependency on a priori knowledge of the associated linear system.

Originality/value

This two-step process is advantageous as it reduces the confounding effects of the uncertain model parameters associated with the linear and locally nonlinear components of the system.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 36 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

Keywords

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Book part
Publication date: 28 February 2025

Admire Mthombeni, Obert Sifile, Julius Tapera, Rahabhi Mashapure, Purity Hamunakwadi and Bronson Mutanda

The concept of frugal innovation has been scholarly discussed from different perspectives. It is a concept that has in the recent years been receiving much attention. In this…

Abstract

The concept of frugal innovation has been scholarly discussed from different perspectives. It is a concept that has in the recent years been receiving much attention. In this view, much of the scholarly attention has been given to the benefits of frugal innovation. However, sparse and little attention has been given to the possibilities and challenges of frugal innovation in attaining sustainable development in African Nations. Much of the work has explored the benefits of disruptive frugal innovation. Given this background, this chapter, therefore, seeks to contribute to disruptive frugal digital innovation by highlighting the challenges and possibilities frugal innovation brings in an attempt to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) especially SDG 1 that aims to end poverty in all forms as well as SDG 8 that aims to build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialisation and foster innovation. Hence, this chapter aims to unleash some possibilities and challenges that can be brought by frugal innovation. Using literature analysis from 21 articles from Google Scholar, the chapter pre-empts key definitions and highlights the SDGs, the possibilities and challenges brought by frugal innovation in achieving economic and social sustainability in Africa. It is through these insights that the chapter seeks to inform theory, practice and policy in the context of SDGs in Africa.

Details

Disruptive Frugal Digital Innovation in Africa
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83549-568-1

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Article
Publication date: 5 November 2020

Pallavi R. Kamath, Yogesh P. Pai and Nandan K.P. Prabhu

This study aims to explore whether frontline employees' service recovery performance as well as customers' recovery satisfaction (RS) act as mediating mechanisms that…

1343

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to explore whether frontline employees' service recovery performance as well as customers' recovery satisfaction (RS) act as mediating mechanisms that simultaneously transmit the positive influence of an integrated service recovery system (SRS) on customers' service loyalty (SL).

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 134 useable retail banking branch cases (including responses from 134 branch heads, 439 frontline employees and 941 customers) were used to test our model using the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) approach.

Findings

Service recovery system, measured as a higher-order multidimensional construct, has a strong and positive influence on customers' SL. Besides, service recovery performance partially mediates, along with RS, the relationship between SRS and SL. Finally, customers' recovery satisfaction has the strongest influence on service loyalty.

Practical implications

This study strongly suggests that practitioners not only focus on implementing an effective SRS but also on leveraging service recovery performance and RS to build sustained customers' loyalty. Practitioners must provide more attention to training their frontline employees, reward and recognize employees and continually evaluate their employees' recovery efforts.

Originality/value

The role of frontline employees' service recovery performance and customers' RS as mediating mechanisms in transmitting the positive effect of SRS on customers' SL is investigated using the combined perspectives of social-technical system theory and interdependence theory.

Details

Journal of Service Theory and Practice, vol. 30 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2055-6225

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 2002

Barrie O. Pettman and Richard Dobbins

This issue is a selected bibliography covering the subject of leadership.

29784

Abstract

This issue is a selected bibliography covering the subject of leadership.

Details

Equal Opportunities International, vol. 21 no. 4/5/6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0261-0159

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Article
Publication date: 22 June 2021

Da Kang, M. Prabhu, Ramyar Rzgar Ahmed, Zhuo Zhang and Atul Kumar Sahu

In the present era, executives are shifting keenly toward industrial Internet of things (IIoTs) spheres. It is observed that IIoTs spheres become a key for each industry to grow…

101

Abstract

Purpose

In the present era, executives are shifting keenly toward industrial Internet of things (IIoTs) spheres. It is observed that IIoTs spheres become a key for each industry to grow up and bear the largest entrepreneurship opportunities globally and is linked to improve the shifting sphere of publics (SSPs). The core objective of research work is SSPs, which is nexus on secondary objectives. The authors proposed the two DSSs ( decision support systems) to full fill secondary objectives as discussing: In case of first objective, the authors proposed a fuzzy-DSS, which assists the executives to identify the weak and poor performing IIoTs spheres so that performance of IIoTs spheres can be accelerated. In case of second objective, grey-DSS aids the same executives to evaluate and benchmark alternative partner under considered IIoTs spheres so that the best partner can be chosen by company 4.0.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors conducted the significant systematic literature review and realistic empirical survey in the context of industry IIoTs spheres and extract the appropriate IIoTs spheres. Next, the authors built a framework by compiling the global standardized IIoTs spheres. The framework is utilized to build the two DSSs such as fuzzy- and grey-DSS (to full fill secondary objectives). The both DSSs are simulated by acting on a case study. The authors implemented the fuzzy set coupled with degree of similarity approach on proposing framework as a part of first case-objective and hybrid technique accompanied with grey set on same framework as a part of second case-objective, respectively.

Findings

A South African automobile parts manufacturing company is investigated as a case study company 4.0 for the prototype testing and simulation of DSSs. The performance gaps are computed and measured by subtracting each sphere's weight of functional units (FUs) from evaluated ideal weight. The weak performing spheres and FUs are suggested to be improved in future as a part of first objective. Next, A3 parts supplier/partner is advised as the best alternative by simulating the grey-DSS under IIoTs framework as a part of second case-objective. Both secondary objectives (two DSSs) are framed to attain the core objective (SSPs).

Originality/value

As discussed, the core objective of research work is to attain the SSPs, linked to secondary objectives. The research work integrates the knowledge and thinking of SSPs as well as IIoTs researchers to create the novel mathematical and statistical IIoTs in focusing on advance SSPs networks. The research work is momentous for entire Industry 4.0 companies, which troubles to bear more entrepreneurship opportunities (improving the SSPs) at global standard.

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Article
Publication date: 2 March 2010

K.K. Thampi and M.J. Jacob

The purpose of this paper is to investigate how queueing theory has been applied to derive results for a Sparre Andersen risk process for which the claim inter‐arrival…

663

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate how queueing theory has been applied to derive results for a Sparre Andersen risk process for which the claim inter‐arrival distribution is hyper Erlang.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper exploits the duality results between the queueing theory and risk processes to derive explicit expressions for the ultimate ruin probability and moments of time to ruin in this renewal risk model.

Findings

This paper derives explicit expressions for the Laplace transforms of the idle/waiting time distribution in GI/HEr(ki,λi)/1 and its dual HEr(ki,λi)/G/1. As a consequence, an expression for the ultimate ruin probability is obtained in this model. The relationship between the time of ruin and busy period in M/G/1 queuing system is used to derive the expected time of ruin.

Originality/value

The study of renewal risk process is mostly concentrated on Erlang distributed inter‐claim times. But the Erlang distributions are not dense in the space of all probability distributions and therefore, the paper cannot approximate an arbitrary distribution function by an Erlang one. To overcome this difficulty, the paper uses the hyper Erlang distributions, which can be used to approximate the distribution of any non‐negative random variable.

Details

The Journal of Risk Finance, vol. 11 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1526-5943

Keywords

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