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Article
Publication date: 25 August 2022

Jan-Michael Becker, Jun-Hwa Cheah, Rasoul Gholamzade, Christian M. Ringle and Marko Sarstedt

Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) has attracted much attention from both methodological and applied researchers in various disciplines – also in…

10230

Abstract

Purpose

Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) has attracted much attention from both methodological and applied researchers in various disciplines – also in hospitality management research. As PLS-SEM is relatively new compared to other multivariate analysis techniques, there are still numerous open questions and uncertainties in its application. This study aims to address this important issue by offering guidance regarding its use in contexts with which researchers struggle.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors examine the most prominent questions and answers posed in a well-known PLS-SEM discussion forum. The authors do so by using a text analysis technique to identify the most salient topics.

Findings

The data analysis identifies three salient PLS-SEM topics (i.e. bootstrapping and significance testing, higher-order constructs and moderation).

Research limitations/implications

The results allow us to address the PLS-SEM community’s main methodological issues. The authors discuss each area separately and provide explanations and guidelines.

Practical implications

The guidelines on the most important PLS-SEM topics provide decision-making and application aids. In this way, the authors make a decisive contribution to clarifying ambiguities when applying the PLS-SEM method in hospitality management research and other disciplines.

Originality/value

There has as yet been no systematic analysis of this kind in the field of PLS-SEM; the authors, therefore, present the first research results. The findings and recommendations provide guidance for PLS-SEM applications in hospitality research and practice.

Details

International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, vol. 35 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0959-6119

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Article
Publication date: 23 June 2021

Radhwan Bin Hussin, Safian Bin Sharif, Shayfull Zamree Bin Abd Rahim, Mohd Azlan Bin Suhaimi, Mohd Tanwyn Bin Mohd Khushairi, Abdellah Abdellah EL-Hadj and Norshah Afizi Bin Shuaib

Rapid tooling (RT) integrated with additive manufacturing technologies have been implemented in various sectors of the RT industry in recent years with various kinds of prototype…

351

Abstract

Purpose

Rapid tooling (RT) integrated with additive manufacturing technologies have been implemented in various sectors of the RT industry in recent years with various kinds of prototype applications, especially in the development of new products. The purpose of this study is to analyze the current application trends of RT techniques in producing hybrid mold inserts.

Design/methodology/approach

The direct and indirect RT techniques discussed in this paper are aimed at developing a hybrid mold insert using metal epoxy composite (MEC) in increasing the speed of tooling development and performance. An extensive review of the suitable development approach of hybrid mold inserts, material preparation and filler effect on physical and mechanical properties has been conducted.

Findings

Latest research studies indicate that it is possible to develop a hybrid material through the combination of different shapes/sizes of filler particles and it is expected to improve the compressive strength, thermal conductivity and consequently increasing the hybrid mold performance (cooling time and a number of molding cycles).

Research limitations/implications

The number of research studies on RT for hybrid mold inserts is still lacking as compared to research studies on conventional manufacturing technology. One of the significant limitations is on the ways to improve physical and mechanical properties due to the limited type, size and shape of materials that are currently available.

Originality/value

This review presents the related information and highlights the current gaps related to this field of study. In addition, it appraises the new formulation of MEC materials for the hybrid mold inserts in injection molding application and RT for non-metal products.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 27 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

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Article
Publication date: 18 July 2018

Mingke Li and Wangyu Liu

The purpose of this paper is to present the novel parameterized digital-mask generation method which is aimed at enhancing bio-scaffold’s fabricating efficiency with digital…

220

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present the novel parameterized digital-mask generation method which is aimed at enhancing bio-scaffold’s fabricating efficiency with digital micro-mirror device (DMD)-based systems.

Design/methodology/approach

A method to directly generate the digital masks of bio-scaffolds without modeling the entire 3D scaffold models is presented. In most of the conventional methods, it is inefficient to dynamically modify the size of the structural unit cells during design, because it relies more or less on commercial computer aided design (CAD) platforms. The method proposed in this paper can achieve high efficient parameterized design, and it is independent from any CAD platforms. The generated masks in binary bitmap format can be used by the DMD-based to achieve scaffold’s additive manufacture. In conventional methods, the Boolean operation of the external surface and the internal architectures would result in the damage of unit cells in boundary region. These damaged unit cells not only lose its original mechanical property but also cause numbers of gaps and isolated features that would reduce the geometric accuracy of the fabricated scaffolds; the proposed method in this paper provides an approach to tackle this defect.

Findings

The results show that the proposed method can improve the digital masks generation efficiency.

Practical implications

The proposed method can serve as an effective supplement to the slicing method in additive manufacture. It also provides a way to design and fabricate scaffolds with heterogeneous architectures.

Originality/value

This paper gives supports to fabricate bio-scaffold with DMD-based systems.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 24 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

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Article
Publication date: 1 December 2001

K.H. Low, K.F. Leong, C.K. Chua, Z.H. Du and C.M. Cheah

There are many applications for rapid prototyping systems and application in the biomedical field is an important domain. Uses selective laser sintering (SLS) in this study to…

2009

Abstract

There are many applications for rapid prototyping systems and application in the biomedical field is an important domain. Uses selective laser sintering (SLS) in this study to build porous cylindrical disc matrices for use as drug delivery devices (DDD). Studies the part‐bed temperature to ascertain its influence over the porosity of the disc matrices. They are found to have an inverse linear relationship. Also investigates the dense walls, the inherent consequences of building porous structures with the SLS, in the disc matrix as they have a direct impact on the performance of the DDD. Discusses the size constraint of the disc matrix due to the limitations of the SLS process. Also investigates the possibility of creating disc matrices of varying porosity. Experimental results demonstrate that SLS is viable in producing DDDs that have variable porosity and micro‐features.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 7 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

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Article
Publication date: 4 May 2023

Abdul Hafaz Ngah, Ramayah Thurasamy and Heesup Han

The issue is which third-party logistics to engage, and escalating customer complaints about service quality of third-party logistics (3PL) enhances the tendency of online…

1010

Abstract

Purpose

The issue is which third-party logistics to engage, and escalating customer complaints about service quality of third-party logistics (3PL) enhances the tendency of online retailers to switch to another 3PL. The current study seeks to investigate the factors influencing the satisfaction and switching intention of 3PL services among online sellers in Malaysia.

Design/methodology/approach

Applying a purposive sampling method, data were gathered via an online survey among online sellers. Initially, the system gathered 418 respondents, but only 311 were useable for further analysis. Since we operationalised the measures as composites, a combination of reflective and formative measurement in the study and the study focuses on explanatory and predictive purposes, partial least squares structural equation modelling with SmartPLS 4 was applied to test the model developed.

Findings

The results indicated that conflict handling had a positive effect on satisfaction, and satisfaction had a negative relationship with the switching intention of 3PL among the online retailers. Moreover, satisfaction and customer relationship management sequentially mediated conflict handling and switching intention, whereas CRM strengthens the negative relationship between satisfaction and switching intention.

Research limitations/implications

The respondents only limit to the online sellers in Malaysia which based on purposive sampling method, thus the findings cannot be generalised to another countries.

Practical implications

The study offers insightful information for the managers of the 3PL in crafting a better policy to avoid switching behaviour among their customers. The conflict between customers and providers is unavoidable since consumers have unlimited demand and businesses have limited resources. The findings also benefit online sellers and 3PL service providers to create attractive marketing strategies for business sustainability.

Originality/value

The study developed a new model for the 3PL studies using the S-O-R model in introducing conflict handling and customer relationship management as the stimulus, customer's satisfaction as an organism and switching intention as a response. The study introduced single and sequential mediators also contributes to the S-O-R theory to predict the switching intention among the online sellers towards the 3PL providers. Another important contribution, customer relationship management, was confirmed to play a moderating role to influence the relationship between satisfaction and switching intention.

Details

International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, vol. 53 no. 7/8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0960-0035

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Article
Publication date: 15 October 2019

Xin-Jean Lim, Jun-Hwa Cheah, David S. Waller, Hiram Ting and Siew Imm Ng

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of social commerce (s-commerce) cues (i.e. trust, compatibility, reliability and responsiveness) on repurchase intention in…

3096

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of social commerce (s-commerce) cues (i.e. trust, compatibility, reliability and responsiveness) on repurchase intention in apparel s-commerce along with the mediating effect of customer engagement and the moderating effect of s-commerce navigation.

Design/methodology/approach

Using the purposive sampling technique, face-to-face survey was administered to Gen-Y social media users in Malaysia. Subsequently, 384 respondents were sampled. Partial least squares-structural equation modeling was used to perform the analyses.

Findings

S-commerce cues have a positive effect on customer engagement, which in turn leads to repurchase intention of apparel among Gen-Y. Particularly, customer engagement also mediates the relationship between s-commerce cues and repurchase intention. S-commerce navigation is found to moderate the effect of engagement on repurchase intention.

Research limitations/implications

The findings are derived from the perception of Gen-Y in Malaysia and do not represent the entire population. Future research could investigate the same phenomena across generations and consider heterogeneity issues to provide more insights.

Practical implications

Apparel s-commerce retailers are suggested to engage with customers more in the e-retail environment to build a lasting relationship. Contextual factors such as ease of navigation should be observed to enhance the desired response of diverse customers today.

Originality/value

This study adds to the growing body of knowledge on relationship marketing by assessing the impact of customer engagement and navigation on the relationships between s-commerce cues and repurchase intention in the contemporary setting.

Details

Marketing Intelligence & Planning, vol. 38 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0263-4503

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Article
Publication date: 27 July 2012

Karina Puebla, Karina Arcaute, Rolando Quintana and Ryan B. Wicker

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of aging, pre‐conditioning, and build orientation on the mechanical properties of test samples fabricated using…

2365

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of aging, pre‐conditioning, and build orientation on the mechanical properties of test samples fabricated using stereolithography (SL) and a commercially available resin.

Design/methodology/approach

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard D638 Type I specimens were manufactured in a Viper si2 SL system using WaterShed™ 11120 resin. The specimens were manufactured in two different build setups, designed to fit batches of 18 or 24 specimens with different build orientations. The specimens were randomly tested in tension, and a design of experiments (DOE) was used to determine the effect of aging (4, 30 or 120 days), pre‐conditioning (ambient, desiccant, or ASTM recommended conditioning), and build orientation (flat, on an edge, or vertical) on the ultimate tensile stress (UTS) and elastic modulus (E) of SL fabricated samples. Additionally, the fractured samples were imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to characterize the fractured surfaces.

Findings

Results showed that aging, pre‐conditioning, and build orientation each had an effect on the mechanical properties of the SL samples. In general, the samples aged at the shortest time frame (4 days) and the samples preconditioned according to ASTM recommendations had the lowest values of UTS. Regarding the effect of build orientation, the specimens built flat (with layers oriented along the thickness of the sample) had the lowest UTS and E values and the mechanical properties were statistically different from those built vertically or on an edge. The specimens built in the vertical orientation (with layers oriented along the length of the sample) had the highest values of UTS and E, yet the mechanical properties of the samples built on an edge (with layers oriented along the width of the sample) were not statistically different from the samples built vertically. SEM images of the fractured specimens showed fracture surfaces typical of polymers with a mirror zone and changes in surface texture from smooth to coarse.

Research limitations/implications

The research was limited to a single commercially available resin. Through a statistical DOE approach, statistically significant differences in mechanical properties of SL fabricated samples were found as functions of aging, pre‐conditioning, and build orientation. These results can assist the ASTM F42 Committee with developing test standards specific to SL and the additive manufacturing community.

Originality/value

The statistical analyses presented here can help identify and classify the effects of fabrication, storage, and conditioning parameters on mechanical properties for SL fabricated parts. Understanding how the mechanical properties of SL resins are affected by different parameters can help improve the use of SL for a variety of applications including direct manufacturing of end‐use products.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 18 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

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Article
Publication date: 28 June 2022

Shu-An Hsieh and Jared L. Anderson

This paper aims to study the mass loss of three-dimensional (3D) printed materials at high temperatures. A preconcentration and analysis technique, static headspace gas…

223

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to study the mass loss of three-dimensional (3D) printed materials at high temperatures. A preconcentration and analysis technique, static headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SHS-GC-MS), is demonstrated for the analysis of volatile compounds liberated from fused deposition modeling (FDM) and stereolithography (SLA) 3D printed models under elevated temperatures.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of seven commercial 3D printing materials were tested using the SHS-GC-MS approach. The printed model mass and mass loss were examined as a function of FDM printing parameters including printcore temperature, model size and printing speed, and the use of SLA postprocessing procedures. A high temperature resin was used to demonstrate that thermal degradation products can be identified when the model is incubated under high temperatures.

Findings

At higher printing temperatures and larger model sizes, the initial printed model mass increased and showed more significant mass loss after thermal incubation for FDM models. For models produced by SLA, the implementation of a postprocessing procedure reduced the mass loss at elevated temperatures. All FDM models showed severe structural deformation when exposed to high temperatures, while SLA models remained structurally intact. Mass spectra and chromatographic retention times acquired from the high temperature resin facilitated identification of eight compounds (monomers, crosslinkers and several photoinitiators) liberated from the resin.

Originality/value

The study exploits the high sensitivity of SHS-GC-MS to identify thermal degradation products emitted from 3D printed models under elevated temperatures. The results will aid in choosing appropriate filament/resin materials and printing mechanisms for applications that require elevated temperatures.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 28 no. 10
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

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Article
Publication date: 1 September 1999

C.M. Cheah, J.Y.H. Fuh, A.Y.C. Nee and L. Lu

The effects of the addition of short glass fibers into an acrylic‐based photo‐polymer (De Solite SCR310) used in the laser solidification process have been studied. Comparisons of…

1999

Abstract

The effects of the addition of short glass fibers into an acrylic‐based photo‐polymer (De Solite SCR310) used in the laser solidification process have been studied. Comparisons of the mechanical properties between pure‐polymer specimens and their fiber‐filled counterparts were made by subjecting the parts to tensile tests. It was observed that the fiber‐reinforced specimens yielded higher measured values of elastic modulus and ultimate tensile strength. The amount of shrinkage encountered by the reinforced prototypes during post‐curing was also found to be less than their non‐reinforced counterparts. It was also found that the mechanical properties of the post‐cured fiber‐reinforced specimens were functions of the layer pitch and laser exposure density used during fabrication. By increasing the laser exposure density and decreasing the layer pitch, the mechanical properties of the post‐cured fiber‐reinforced prototype can be improved, leading to the realization of end products with higher mechanical strengths and better dimensional accuracy.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 5 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

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Article
Publication date: 9 March 2010

Chee Kai Chua, Kah Fai Leong, Chu Sing Lim and Trong Thien Vu

The purpose of this paper is to detail the development of a multimedia courseware that enhances the learning of rapid prototyping (RP) among professionals, senior year and…

2140

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to detail the development of a multimedia courseware that enhances the learning of rapid prototyping (RP) among professionals, senior year and graduate students.

Design/methodology/approach

The design and development of the multimedia courseware is based on a “visit a science museum” concept where each topic can be accessed depending on the interests or the needs of users. Factors that influence learning curve such as structure of information, application of visual and auditory components and human‐computer interface are addressed and discussed.

Findings

Instructions using multimedia significantly enhances the education process of RP technology. Methods to produce a good multimedia courseware have been introduced.

Originality/value

This paper describes the latest version of the multimedia courseware which is an accompaniment to the third edition of the book entitled Rapid Prototyping: Principles & Applications published in 2009.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 16 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

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