Gang Dong, Ian Burgess, Buick Davison and Ruirui Sun
This paper reports on the development of a general-purpose Eurocode-compliant component-based connection finite element for steel-to-steel joints in fire. The development begins…
Abstract
This paper reports on the development of a general-purpose Eurocode-compliant component-based connection finite element for steel-to-steel joints in fire. The development begins by utilising the temperature-dependent connection component characteristics previously developed at the University of Sheffield to create a component-based connection finite element to model flush endplate connections. Subsequently the element was extended to a new connection type with high ductility, the reverse channel. The component models have been developed for the reverse channel under tension and compression. The element has been incorporated into the nonlinear global structural analysis program Vulcan, in which it has been used along with a static-dynamic formulation. The use of the element is illustrated by modelling a fire test at the University of Manchester in which reverse channel connections were used.
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Shan-Shan Huang, Ian Burgess and Buick Davison
Fire hazards and full-scale structural tests have provided evidence that the beam-column connections of building frames are the weakest structural elements, which are vulnerable…
Abstract
Fire hazards and full-scale structural tests have provided evidence that the beam-column connections of building frames are the weakest structural elements, which are vulnerable to fracture in fire. Connection fractures may lead to extensive damage or even progressive collapse. However, current design methods for connections are solely based on ambient-temperature behaviour, the additional forces and rotations generated in fire are not taken into account. The Structural Fire Engineering Research Group of the University of Sheffield is involved in a European-collaborative project which concerns the behaviour and robustness in fire of practical connections to composite columns. This includes two natural fire tests in a full-scale composite structure in Veselí, the Czech Republic. The Sheffield team was responsible for predicting the structural behaviour in the tests before they were conducted. This assessment was conducted using the specialist structural fire engineering FEA program Vulcan. This paper reports the results of this predictive analysis.
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Lucy Bull, Eric J. Palmiere, Richard P. Thackray, Ian W. Burgess and Buick Davison
In structural fire engineering, the importance of bolt assemblies is often overlooked. Connection design uses the temperature-dependent bolt strength-reduction factors prescribed…
Abstract
In structural fire engineering, the importance of bolt assemblies is often overlooked. Connection design uses the temperature-dependent bolt strength-reduction factors prescribed in Eurocode 3, despite the existence of two distinct failure modes under tension; necking of the bolt shank, and thread-stripping. While literature exists to predict failure modes at ambient temperature, there is no method for failure mode prediction for elevated temperatures where ductility is critical to avoid collapse. Galvanised M20 structural bolt assemblies and bolt material from a single batch have been tested under tension at a range of temperatures and strain-rates typical of those experienced in fire. Turned-down bolt test data produced stress-strain curves characteristic of different microstructures at ambient temperature, despite a tempered-martensitic microstructure being specified in the standards. The failure modes of bolt assemblies were found to be dependent on the as-received microstructure at ambient temperature. At elevated temperatures, however, only thread-stripping was observed.
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Naoya Yotsumoto, Takeo Hirashima and Koji Toyoda
This paper aims to investigate the fire performance of composite beams when considering the hogging moment resistance of the fin-plate beam-to-girder joints including the effect…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the fire performance of composite beams when considering the hogging moment resistance of the fin-plate beam-to-girder joints including the effect of continuity of reinforcements.
Design/methodology/approach
Experiments on composite beams with fin-plate joints protected only at the beam ends are conducted. The test parameter is the specification of reinforcement, which affects the rotational restraint of the beam ends. In addition, a simple method for predicting the failure time of the beam using an evaluation model based on the bending moment resistance of the beam considering the hogging moment resistance of the fin-plate joint and the reinforcement is also presented.
Findings
The test results indicate that the failure time of the beam is extended by the hogging moment resistance of the joints. This is particularly noticeable when using a reinforcing bar with a large plastic deformation capability. The predicted failure times based on the evaluation method corresponded well with the test results.
Originality/value
Recent studies have proposed large deformation analysis methods using FEM that can be used for fire-resistant design of beams including joints, but these cannot always be applicable in practice due to the cost and its complexity. Our method can consider the hogging moment resistance of the joint and the temperature distribution in the axial direction using a simple method without requirement of FEM.
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Weisha Wang, Cheng-Hao Steve Chen, Bang Nguyen and Paurav Shukla
With rising globalization, Western and Eastern brands are increasingly collaborating and co-branding. Drawing on the theory of dialectical self that captures the degree of…
Abstract
Purpose
With rising globalization, Western and Eastern brands are increasingly collaborating and co-branding. Drawing on the theory of dialectical self that captures the degree of cognitive tendency to tolerate conflicts, inconsistencies and ambiguities in self-concept, this paper investigates the effect of consumer dialectical self on co-branding that encompasses Western and East Asian cultural brand personality traits.
Design/methodology/approach
Two studies were conducted using Chinese participants to examine the effects of the dialectical self on co-brand evaluation under single-and dual-personality conditions and to explore the mediating role of ideal social self-congruence and the moderating role of product type (high vs low conspicuous).
Findings
The findings suggest that counterintuitive to the received wisdom, the dialectical self negatively influences one's attitude towards a co-brand in the dual-personality condition only. Further, ideal social self-congruence mediates the relationship between the dialectical self and dual-personality co-brand evaluation in the high conspicuous product condition only.
Practical implications
Important implications are offered to international marketing managers for managing the dialectical self that lead to positive co-brand evaluations. Moreover, managers should highlight ideal social self-congruence for co-branding success for particular product types.
Originality/value
This paper examines co-branding from a novel perspective of consumer dialectical self and shows the pivotal role it plays when brands carry varying cultural traits engage in co-branding. By identifying the role of the dialectical self and the important mediator and moderator, the paper fulfils an important gap in co-branding literature and offers key implications.
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Classification is so fundamental and pervasive an activity that care is needed to define its scope when discussing a particular application, such as information retrieval.
To explore and critically analyse entrepreneurship theories and concepts within the context of the small family tourism business, and the extent to which owner‐managers and their…
Abstract
Purpose
To explore and critically analyse entrepreneurship theories and concepts within the context of the small family tourism business, and the extent to which owner‐managers and their enterprises can be classified as entrepreneurial.
Design/methodology/approach
A model has been developed and applied to support a “drilling down” approach that moves from a surface understanding of entrepreneurship as a process through to an industry setting, to penetrate the organisational context and consequential entrepreneurial socio‐economic outcomes.
Findings
It has been demonstrated that understanding of the entrepreneurial process, as it interplays with family business, is best served by reference to the cultural, industry setting and organisational context within which entrepreneurs are embedded.
Originality/value
The tourism industry has been deliberately selected as an illustrative context due to the low degree of entrepreneurial behaviour that it has traditionally exhibited. Through the application of the model explanations are provided for this, and conclusions are drawn that do classify small family tourism businesses as a manifestation of entrepreneurship as broadly conceived.