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This chapter covers intrapreneurship, ecopreneurship, and digitalization, and presents qualitative research findings on eco-innovations and digitalization in Slovenia. Eco-innovations and digitalization are important aspects of intrapreneurship and the performance of existing companies. Practices of the participating company in circular economy and eco-innovations and digitalization are presented and discussed.

Organizational performance, growth and development may depend considerably on entrepreneurship in existing organizations (intrapreneurship) and intrapreneurship employee‐related antecedents. The purpose of this study is to focus on employee satisfaction (composed of four dimensions: general satisfaction with work; employee relationships; remuneration, benefits and organizational culture; and employee loyalty), intrapreneurship and firm growth. The model's underlying hypotheses were conceptually developed and empirically tested.

Using data collected via a structured questionnaire sent by e‐mail to 149 firms from Slovenia, the model's hypotheses were tested by applying structural equation modeling.

The findings support the hypothesized relationships between employee satisfaction, intrapreneurship and growth. The influence of the control variables was also assessed in the model and firm age was found to be influential.

Firm growth can depend strongly on intrapreneurship and intrapreneurship employee‐related antecedents. The study contributes to intrapreneurship research by empirically examining the relationship between employee satisfaction and intrapreneurship and testing the impact of employee satisfaction on firm growth.

Firms need to take a detailed and systematic approach to employee satisfaction in order to improve intrapreneurship and growth.

Activities related to the stimulation of employee satisfaction and intrapreneurship can have also social implications, since they can increase creation of the new wealth in the society.

This study can be differentiated from past studies, since it considers an ensemble of employee satisfaction elements (general satisfaction with work, employee relationships, remuneration, benefits and organizational culture and employee loyalty) as a crucial antecedent of intrapreneurship and builds a model of employee satisfaction‐driven intrapreneurship and firm growth, which has not been examined before.

Despite the recognized importance of entrepreneurship for organizational wealth creation, research has devoted minimal attention to investigating this area. This study contributes to a better understanding of the relationship between corporate entrepreneurship and wealth creation by developing and testing a normative model, which clarifies the nature of the influences of corporate entrepreneurship and its environmental and organizational antecedents on organizational performance. The findings of structural equation modeling, based on mail survey data from 477 Slovenian firms, demonstrate that corporate entrepreneurship and some its contingencies make a difference in organizational wealth creation, growth and profitability.

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the intrapreneurship construct with its predictors and consequences via a model. Previous studies in intrapreneurship have been predominantly concerned with patterns of relationships (coefficients of the model) as opposed to the level of intrapreneurship and other constructs (latent means) in the intrapreneurship model. This study aims to examine both the patterns of relationships and the levels (means) across two countries (the USA and Slovenia) by testing two models (the zero‐means model and the latent‐means model).

Mailed structured questionnaire data for this cross‐sectional study were collected from firms in the USA and Slovenia (192 usable responses). Structural equation modeling was used to estimate the models and compare coefficients and latent means.

The model hypotheses on the relationships among environment, organizational characteristics, intrapreneurship, and performance were mainly supported across both countries and by both models. However, results may differ upon the selection of the measurement model.

The latent‐means model may be considered superior to the zero‐means model.

Intrapreneurship can have beneficial effects on the firm's growth and profitability, in both absolute and relative terms.

This study proved a latent‐means model of intrapreneurship.

Entrepreneurship is an emerging and evolving field of inquiry. Entrepreneurship research has been expanding its boundaries by exploring and developing explanations and predictions of entrepreneurship phenomena in terms of events such as innovation, new venture creation and growth as well as characteristics of individual entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial organizations. The largest institutionalized community of entrepreneurship scholars – the Entrepreneurship Division of the Academy of Management – has developed an entrepreneurship specific domain that incorporates the creation and management of new businesses, small businesses and family businesses, and the characteristics and special problems of entrepreneurs; it has further identified major topics such as new venture ideas and strategies, ecological influences on venture creation and demise, the acquisition and management of venture capital and venture teams, self-employment, the owner-manager, management succession, corporate venturing, and the relationship between entrepreneurship and economic development. One growing entrepreneurship research sub-field is corporate entrepreneurship (intrapreneurship), i.e. entrepreneurship in existing organizations. Emerging in the past two decades, the initial research in corporate entrepreneurship focused on new business venturing, i.e. the formation of new ventures by existing organizations, mostly corporations, and the focus on the entrepreneurial individual inside a corporation – this focus was then extended to include entrepreneurial characteristics at the organizational level. Corporate entrepreneurship research has evolved into three focal areas. The first area of focus is on the individual intrapreneur (Jennings, Cox & Cooper, 1994; Jones & Butler, 1992; Knight, 1989; Lessem, 1988; Luchsinger & Bagby, 1987; McKinney & McKinney, 1989; Pinchot, 1985; Ross, 1987; Souder, 1981), mainly emphasizing the intrapreneur’s individual characteristics. The recognition and support of entrepreneurs in organizations is also a part of this focal area. The second area of focus has been on the formation of new corporate ventures (Burgelman, 1985; Carrier, 1994; Cooper, 1981; Fast & Pratt, 1981; Hisrich & Peters, 1984; Hlavacek & Thompson, 1973; Krueger & Brazeal, 1994; MacMillan, Block & Narasimha, 1984; Szypersky & Klandt, 1984; Vesper, 1990); this area’s primary emphasis is on the different of types of new ventures, their fit with the corporation, and their enabling corporate internal environment. The third area of focus is on the entrepreneurial organization (Burgelman, 1983; Drucker, 1985; Duncan et al., 1988; Hanan, 1976; Kanter, 1984; Kuratko et al., 1993; Merrifield, 1993; Muzyka, de Konning & Churchill, 1995; Pinchot, 1985; Quinn, 1979; Rule & Irwin, 1988; Schollhammer, 1981; Stevenson & Jarillo, 1990; Stopford & Baden-Fuller, 1994), which mainly emphasizes the characteristics of these organizations.

The purpose of this paper is to understand the similarities and differences in the internationalization of SMEs and MNEs and the specific factors affecting them.

The relevant literature was reviewed particularly in the context of the major theories of internationalization.

The positive and negative aspects of each theoretical approach to internationalization are present to form the basis of a new model of international entrepreneurship.

The newly developed conceptual model has not been empirically tested.

A redeveloped theoretical integrative conceptual model of international entrepreneurship is proposed based on four internationalization properties (mode, market, product, and time), internationalization performance, and key antecedents and consequences of the internationalization process.

The purpose of this paper is to use a structural equation modelling technique to verify a theoretically proposed model of knowledge management (KM).

Existing studies on KM were reviewed and their limitations were identified. Mailed structured questionnaire data for this study were collected from small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) in Slovenia (168 usable responses). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis with structural equation modelling was used to estimate the model.

The hypothesis on the multidimensionality of KM model were mainly supported.

The study is limited to Slovenian SMEs, but can be generalised to other regions. The study offers important contributions for research (KM construct) and for practice (improvements in SME KM).

KM can have beneficial effects on the firm's growth and profitability. The findings can be used to guide entrepreneur in efficient management of different dimensions of knowledge.

This study proved latent elements of KM model in SME. It gives valuable information, which hopefully will help SMEs to respect more the meaning of knowledge and KM.

New firm creation plays an important role in economic development and growth. Despite the recognized importance of general and entrepreneurial self-efficacy for entrepreneurship, new firm creation, and growth, research has devoted minimal attention to explicitly investigating the relationship between marketing self-efficacy and firm creation. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between marketing self-efficacy and firm creation.

Data were collected in two European countries (Finland and Slovenia). Regression analysis was used to test the hypothesis.

The findings of this study demonstrate that marketing self-efficacy makes a difference in firm creation.

The model advanced in this study is partial and not comprehensive. Gaining insights into marketing self-efficacy-based firm creation in established economies of northern Europe and transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe can be valuable for broadening the new firm formation research and improving marketing self-efficacy-related practices in these countries.

Practitioners and policymakers need to be aware that marketing self-efficacy can be an important driver of new firm creation.

It is suggested that economic policymakers make funds available or channel investments into training and education in marketing abilities in elementary, middle, higher, and university education levels in order to increase marketing self-efficacy levels in the population.

This study contributes to a better understanding of firm creation induced by marketing self-efficacy by developing and testing a normative model.