Keon Bong Lee and Suk Bong Choi
The purpose of this paper is to explore when and how Korean firms learn from internationalization to develop new competencies to serve an international market.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore when and how Korean firms learn from internationalization to develop new competencies to serve an international market.
Design/methodology/approach
This study adopted a contingency perspective to examine the relationship between organizational coordination and organizational implementation capabilities. A conceptual framework was tested based on data obtained from Korean firms.
Findings
The results suggested a discrepancy between the direct and indirect influences of internationalization. On the one hand, there is an inverted U-shaped pattern in the direct relationship between internationalization and organizational implementation capabilities; that is, high levels of internationalization may reduce organizational implementation capabilities. On the other hand, the evidence for a U-shaped moderation suggests that high levels of internationalization can help a firm become capable of amplifying the value of cross-functional coordination in organizational implementation capabilities. In addition, technological changes weaken the positive impact of organizational coordination on organizational implementation capabilities.
Research limitations/implications
Empirical research on the role of internationalization and dynamic environments in the context of new product development (NPD) affirms the importance of testing the curvilinear moderation beyond a linear two-way interaction.
Practical implications
The present study offers insights into the importance of high levels of internationalization in enabling Korean firms to create effective cross-functional coordination to serve an international market with new products.
Originality/value
This is the first review focusing on the role of internationalization in NPD.
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Wenxian Wang, Seung-Wan Kang, Suk Bong Choi and Wonho Jeung
Today, psychological well-being is increasingly valued by organizations because it is integral to employee performance. The style of leaders supervising their subordinates is an…
Abstract
Purpose
Today, psychological well-being is increasingly valued by organizations because it is integral to employee performance. The style of leaders supervising their subordinates is an important influence on their psychological well-being. Abusive supervision can lead to a depletion of resources among their subordinates by inducing psychological stress, leading to a decline in psychological well-being. In this research, the authors use the conservation of resources (COR) theory and self-determination theory to examine the mechanism between abusive supervision and psychological well-being. This study can contribute to previous research by applying the COR theory and self-determination theory, which were not discussed, to explain the relationship between leader's leadership behavior and psychological well-being of organizational members.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors conduct a multi-time data collection method of two waves with six-week intervals. The authors received 322 samples and conducted a confirmatory factor analysis to test result validity and used multiple regression to examine the direct and moderating effects. Additionally, the authors used the bootstrapping method to test mediating effects.
Findings
The results show that abusive supervision is negatively related to psychological well-being and self-determination plays the mediating role between them, while perceived person-organization fit is the moderator between self-determination and psychological well-being.
Originality/value
The authors identified self-determination as the mediator between abusive supervision and psychological well-being and perceived person-organization fit plays the moderating role between self-determination and psychological well-being.
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Suk Bong Choi, Kihwan Kim, S. M. Ebrahim Ullah and Seung-Wan Kang
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between transformational leadership (TL) and the innovative behavior of Korean workers. To this end, this paper also…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between transformational leadership (TL) and the innovative behavior of Korean workers. To this end, this paper also examines whether knowledge sharing and perceived organizational support (POS) influence the above causal relationship.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper used a cross-sectional design, with questionnaires administered to 356 employees working in Korea manufacturing firms to test the relationship between TL and innovative behavior through knowledge sharing and the moderating role of POS.
Findings
TL was significantly related to both employee innovative behavior and knowledge sharing. The results also shown that knowledge sharing mediated and POS positively moderated the relationship between TL and innovative behavior of employees.
Research limitations/implications
Future research should examine antecedents of knowledge sharing and measure the effect of TL in other level such as team level, to enhance generalizability. Data should be also collected longitudinally, to extend the current cross-sectional design.
Practical implications
Understanding the link between TL and innovative behavior with mediating and moderating factors can provide useful information to increase positive leadership outcomes and innovation performance.
Originality/value
The findings point toward a positive relationship between TL and innovative behavior with mediating and moderating factors. In doing so, the paper adds to a body of work where innovative behavior was connected with leaders’ behavior and organizational-level predictors.
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Bong Choi, Jongweon Kim, Byung‐hak Leem, Chang‐Yeol Lee and Han‐kuk Hong
This study proposes a research model to test whether Six Sigma‐based management activities improve corporate competitiveness in Samsung Group.
Abstract
Purpose
This study proposes a research model to test whether Six Sigma‐based management activities improve corporate competitiveness in Samsung Group.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper's model was validated and its hypotheses tested using structural equation model analysis.
Findings
Empirical results showed that Six Sigma activities do indeed contribute to revitalized process management, improved quality, and, finally, lead to corporate competitiveness.
Research limitations/implications
The survey data were collected at the individual level, such as GB, BB, MBB, and limited to the affiliated companies of Samsung Group. To obtain more meaningful results, data would be collected at the corporate level and the pool of subjects expanded. However, this paper shows that the four fundamental factors (CEO's will, Communication, Training, and Policy) as well as three substantial factors (Information Utilization, Standardization, and Promotion) are meaningful activities influencing the success of Six Sigma management significantly.
Originality/value
The main contribution of this paper lies in the establishment of a causal relationship among Six Sigma activities, process innovation, quality improvement, and company competitiveness, as well as in the proposed managerial implications for Six Sigma projects.
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Rangayya, Virupakshappa and Nagabhushan Patil
One of the challenging issues in computer vision and pattern recognition is face image recognition. Several studies based on face recognition were introduced in the past decades…
Abstract
Purpose
One of the challenging issues in computer vision and pattern recognition is face image recognition. Several studies based on face recognition were introduced in the past decades, but it has few classification issues in terms of poor performances. Hence, the authors proposed a novel model for face recognition.
Design/methodology/approach
The proposed method consists of four major sections such as data acquisition, segmentation, feature extraction and recognition. Initially, the images are transferred into grayscale images, and they pose issues that are eliminated by resizing the input images. The contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) utilizes the image preprocessing step, thereby eliminating unwanted noise and improving the image contrast level. Second, the active contour and level set-based segmentation (ALS) with neural network (NN) or ALS with NN algorithm is used for facial image segmentation. Next, the four major kinds of feature descriptors are dominant color structure descriptors, scale-invariant feature transform descriptors, improved center-symmetric local binary patterns (ICSLBP) and histograms of gradients (HOG) are based on clour and texture features. Finally, the support vector machine (SVM) with modified random forest (MRF) model for facial image recognition.
Findings
Experimentally, the proposed method performance is evaluated using different kinds of evaluation criterions such as accuracy, similarity index, dice similarity coefficient, precision, recall and F-score results. However, the proposed method offers superior recognition performances than other state-of-art methods. Further face recognition was analyzed with the metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall and F-score and attained 99.2, 96, 98 and 96%, respectively.
Originality/value
The good facial recognition method is proposed in this research work to overcome threat to privacy, violation of rights and provide better security of data.
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Mehtap Dursun and Rana Duygu Alkurt
Today’s one of the most important difficulties is tackling climate change and its effects on the environment. The Paris Agreement states that nations must balance the amount of…
Abstract
Purpose
Today’s one of the most important difficulties is tackling climate change and its effects on the environment. The Paris Agreement states that nations must balance the amount of greenhouse gases they emit and absorb until 2050 to contribute to the mitigation of greenhouse gases and to support sustainable development. According to the agreement, each country must determine, plan and regularly report on its contributions. Thus, it is important for the countries to predict and analyze their net zero performances in 2050. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate European Continent Countries' net zero performances at the targeted year.
Design/methodology/approach
The European Continent Countries that ratified the Paris Agreement are specified as decision making units (DMUs). Input and output indicators are specified as primary energy consumption, freshwater withdrawals, gross domestic product (GDP), carbon-dioxide (CO2) and nitrous-oxide (N2O) emissions. Data from 1980 to 2019 are obtained and forecasted using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) until 2050. Then, the countries are clustered based on the forecasts of primary energy consumption and freshwater withdrawals using k-means algorithm. As desirable and undesirable outputs arise simultaneously, the performances are computed using Pure Environmental Index (PEI) and Mixed Environmental Index (MEI) data envelopment analysis (DEA) models.
Findings
It is expected that by 2050, CO2 emissions of seven countries remain constant, N2O emissions of seven countries remain stable and five countries’ both CO2 and N2O emissions remain constant. While it can be seen as success that many countries are expected to at least stabilize one emission, the likelihood of achieving net zero targets diminishes unless countries undertake significant reductions in emissions. According to the results, in Cluster 1, Turkey ranks last, while France, Germany, Italy and Spain are efficient countries. In Cluster 2, the United Kingdom ranks at last, while Greece, Luxembourg, Malta and Sweden are efficient countries.
Originality/value
In the literature, generally, CO2 emission is considered as greenhouse gas. Moreover, none of the studies measured the net-zero performance of the countries in 2050 employing analytical techniques. This study objects to investigate how well European Continent Countries can comply with the necessities of the Agreement. Besides CO2 emission, N2O emission is also considered and the data of European Continent Countries in 2050 are estimated using ARIMA. Then, countries are clustered using k-means algorithm. DEA models are employed to measure the performances of the countries. Finally, forecasts and models validations are performed and comprehensive analysis of the results is conducted.
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Bong Chan Kho, Uk Chang and Youngsoo Choi
We illustrate empirically the use of return-based style analysis for domestic stock funds. We search the optimal style model according to the tracking errors, investigate the…
Abstract
We illustrate empirically the use of return-based style analysis for domestic stock funds. We search the optimal style model according to the tracking errors, investigate the consistency of the fund style for the optimally selected model, and finally investigate the relationship between fund styles and their fund performance. We use weekly fund return data of domestic stock funds from January 2, 2002 to June 30, 2008, and do style analyses based on the various style indices. The major findings are as follows.
Firstly, we find that the style index models with constraint which in practice restricts short sale are better than those with no such constraint. Secondly, we find that the style index model which divides stock market with four categorized indices based on the dimension of size and book-to market and includes the bond market index is the most useful if they are evaluated based on the out-of-sample tracking errors. While adding the Fama-French 3 factors to the selected model does not improve the explanation power, adding the industry sector indexes improves the explanation power. Thirdly, we investigate the consistency of the fund style models and find that the better performing funds are more volatile in the change of the fund style. Fourthly, we find that, contrary to the expectation that the growth-oriented funds perform better than the value-oriented one, the fund performance and style are observed to be mixed. This finding shows that the fund styles are frequently changed according to their performances and market conditions.
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Bong-Kuk Ko, Woo-Jung Lee and Jae-Hoon Lee
The purpose of this study is to understand what health and safety hazards low-income households are subject to by surveying the real conditions of the defective housing of…
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to understand what health and safety hazards low-income households are subject to by surveying the real conditions of the defective housing of low-income households, and to find improvement strategies. For this purpose, we visited the concentrated areas of the multi-dwelling unit (MDU) (also known as multi-family residential) housing in Jungwon-gu and Sujeong-gu in Seongnam City, Kyunggi-do, one of the representative areas in Korea with a massive distribution of the low-income class. Based on the survey data, the level of housing defects were comparison analyzed per income decile (decile 1, decile 2, deciles 3–4), and per housing location, in the categories of subsidence, cracks in the wall, delamination, water leakage/infiltration, condensation, and contamination. The housing condition per income class was more defective in the decile 2 households rather than in the decile 2 households, and in the substructure more than in the superstructure. Among the six defects, contamination problems, caused by sub-standard living conditions, were the most frequent cases. Structural defects, subsidence and cracks in the wall, were found in the main living areas—the bedrooms and the living rooms. It was confirmed in this study that the conditions of low-income housing are serious, and that it is necessary to explore specific countermeasures in the near future.
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Bong‐Gyu Jang, Hyeng Keun Koo and U Jin Choi
We suggest the method of evaluation of illiquid assets on the market in the presence of proportional transaction costs by using two consumption/investment models. We study an…
Abstract
We suggest the method of evaluation of illiquid assets on the market in the presence of proportional transaction costs by using two consumption/investment models. We study an investor's implicit evaluation of an illiquid asset whose trading incurs a proportional transaction cost. We show that the investor assigns an implicit value between the bid and ask price and uses it for his investment and/or consumption decisions. We also show that the implicit value is an increasing function of the investor's liquidity ratio, which is a measure of liquidity of the investor's asset holdings.