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Article
Publication date: 11 October 2018

Salman Arshad, Bo Kong, Alan Kerstein and Michael Oevermann

The purpose of this numerical work is to present and test a new approach for large-scale scalar advection (splicing) in large eddy simulations (LES) that use the linear eddy…

122

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this numerical work is to present and test a new approach for large-scale scalar advection (splicing) in large eddy simulations (LES) that use the linear eddy sub-grid mixing model (LEM) called the LES-LEM.

Design/methodology/approach

The new splicing strategy is based on an ordered flux of spliced LEM segments. The principle is that low-flux segments have less momentum than high-flux segments and, therefore, are displaced less than high-flux segments. This strategy affects the order of both inflowing and outflowing LEM segments of an LES cell. The new splicing approach is implemented in a pressure-based fluid solver and tested by simulation of passive scalar transport in a co-flowing turbulent rectangular jet, instead of combustion simulation, to perform an isolated investigation of splicing. Comparison of the new splicing with a previous splicing approach is also done.

Findings

The simulation results show that the velocity statistics and passive scalar mixing are correctly predicted using the new splicing approach for the LES-LEM. It is argued that modeling of large-scale advection in the LES-LEM via splicing is reasonable, and the new splicing approach potentially captures the physics better than the old approach. The standard LES sub-grid mixing models do not represent turbulent mixing in a proper way because they do not adequately represent molecular diffusion processes and counter gradient effects. Scalar mixing in turbulent flow consists of two different processes, i.e. turbulent mixing that increases the interface between unmixed species and molecular diffusion. It is crucial to model these two processes individually at their respective time scales. The LEM explicitly includes both of these processes and has been used successfully as a sub-grid scalar mixing model (McMurtry et al., 1992; Sone and Menon, 2003). Here, the turbulent mixing capabilities of the LES-LEM with a modified splicing treatment are examined.

Originality/value

The splicing strategy proposed for the LES-LEM is original and has not been investigated before. Also, it is the first LES-LEM implementation using unstructured grids.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. 28 no. 10
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0961-5539

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Article
Publication date: 5 January 2015

John Elliott

340

Abstract

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International Journal for Lesson and Learning Studies, vol. 4 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2046-8253

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 2000

Anthony Moung Yin CHAN, Fangus Wai Wa CHU and Chi Kwong YUEN

Total quality management (TQM) has been a popular managerial topic since the 1980s. However, not too many organizations have successfully implemented it. This paper studies a…

434

Abstract

Total quality management (TQM) has been a popular managerial topic since the 1980s. However, not too many organizations have successfully implemented it. This paper studies a successful TQM project implemented in a manufacturing company in the People's Republic of China. It reports the TQM implementation process, the benefits generated from the TQM project, the problems that arose from the adoption of TQM for the company, and the main factors for the eventual success of the project. This case study is a reference for managers and researchers who are interested in TQM or interested in the Chinese managerial environment in general.

Details

International Journal of Commerce and Management, vol. 10 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1056-9219

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Book part
Publication date: 8 August 2017

Anna Zakharzhevskaya

This paper examines diverging views on the Chongqing model, the policy experiment led by Bo Xilai from 2007 to 2012 that was famous for its “red songs” and the campaign against…

Abstract

This paper examines diverging views on the Chongqing model, the policy experiment led by Bo Xilai from 2007 to 2012 that was famous for its “red songs” and the campaign against organized crime. It has impressed both the supporters of socialist identity of China and the supporters of liberal identity and led to an intense debate concerning China’s path of development. This paper attempts to discuss and clarify to what extent the Chongqing model represented a genuine socialist experiment and the implications of the model for China’s future.

Details

Return of Marxian Macro-Dynamics in East Asia
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78714-477-4

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Article
Publication date: 27 November 2007

Connie Heng, Cao Yanping, Rupert Li and Yang TieCheng

The purpose of this paper is to explain the legal framework of both Hong Kong and the People's Republic of China (PRC) that governs the issuance of Renminbi bonds in Hong Kong.

350

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explain the legal framework of both Hong Kong and the People's Republic of China (PRC) that governs the issuance of Renminbi bonds in Hong Kong.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper explains the background; outlines key requirements under PRC laws, including eligibility requirements, application procedures in China, timing and reporting, and remittance and payment procedures; and looks at key issues arising from the regulatory regime of Hong Kong.

Findings

The paper finds that, given the relatively low interest rate for Renminbi deposits in Hong Kong, Hong Kong, investors have generally welcome the inaugural issues of Renminbi bonds by the China Development Bank and the Export‐Import Bank of China.

Originality/value

The paper provides practical guidance from experienced Hong Kong and China securities lawyers.

Details

Journal of Investment Compliance, vol. 8 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1528-5812

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 1999

Bo‐sin Tang and Roger M.H. Tang

Industrial restructuring has led to increasing obsolescence of old industrial properties in many cities. Transformation of these properties to meet the requirements of modern…

1708

Abstract

Industrial restructuring has led to increasing obsolescence of old industrial properties in many cities. Transformation of these properties to meet the requirements of modern industrial operations is becoming an imminent task for property managers and industrial landowners. This paper reviews the experience of the private sector in restructuring obsolete industrial properties in Hong Kong. In particular, we focus our discussions on a recent market initiative (composite industrial‐office property development in Hong Kong) as an innovative attempt to make better use of urban industrial space. We argue that this new property type has not been successful because of the institutional constraints imposed under the planning policy. It again confirms that the industrial property market is characterized by market imperfection, owing largely to government policies, which precludes a smooth market adjustment to respond positively to changing demand. This problem, if allowed to continue, will ultimately damage the competitiveness of the cities.

Details

Property Management, vol. 17 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0263-7472

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Article
Publication date: 9 October 2007

Yi‐lin Kwok, Kar‐yin Wong, Bo‐an Ying, Kit‐lun Yick, Li Yi and Yeung Chap‐yung

The purpose of this paper is to present anthropometric measurements on 42 premature infants nursed in the neonatal intensive care unit of Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong.

1283

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present anthropometric measurements on 42 premature infants nursed in the neonatal intensive care unit of Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong.

Design/methodology/approach

Birth information, including maturity, age, gender, birth weight and present weight, were recorded. About 13 body size measurements, including stature, hand girth, armscye girth, chest girth, arm length, max girth, abdomen girth, hand length, thigh girth, shoulder width, head to nape length, inside leg to heel length and foot length, were measured for each infant. Using these data, the body size distribution, the correlation between each body size measurement, and linear regressions of present weight and stature with other body size measurement were analyzed.

Findings

It was found that present weight and stature of premature infants were the most desirable and significant size parameters for the development of a measurement chart for premature infants.

Originality/value

The paper provides anthropometric measurement details of premature infants.

Details

International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, vol. 19 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0955-6222

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Article
Publication date: 31 August 2012

Chiu Lung Tang and Bo Wah Leung

The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of learning Cantonese opera using Variation Theory as a guiding principle of pedagogical design.

653

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of learning Cantonese opera using Variation Theory as a guiding principle of pedagogical design.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of three types of speech in Cantonese opera were identified as the objects of learning in the study: patter speech, poetic speech and supported speech. Two classes of Grade five (N =54) students were arranged into an experimental group and a control group. In the experimental group, the characteristics of the three types of speech were taught using comparison and contrast techniques to help the learners identify and differentiate the characteristics of each type. The control group was taught the three types of speech sequentially without attempting to compare and contrast among the types. Pre‐ and post‐tests were conducted to test the students’ understanding of the objects of learning. An independent samples t‐test and a paired sample t‐test were applied to measure the statistical differences between the groups and the pre‐ and post‐tests, respectively.

Findings

The results indicated that there were no significant differences between the two groups before the treatment (p = .665). However, the experimental group achieved a significantly higher level of learning effectiveness than the control group after teaching (p = .003). The control group did not significantly improve their understanding after learning (p = .061), whereas the experimental group significantly increased their scores (p < .001).

Originality/value

The application of Variation Theory in academic subjects, especially mathematics, has been well explored in the literature. This study shows the application of Variation Theory in the cultural subject of music, and points to the potential of Variation Theory as a guiding principle of music teaching to enhance learning effectiveness.

Details

International Journal for Lesson and Learning Studies, vol. 1 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2046-8253

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 8 August 2016

Xiaoli Kong, Bo Zhou, Jixiao Wang and Wenping Li

The purpose of this paper is to study the engineering application of diamond like carbon (DLC) coatings on the surfaces of piston pins and bucket tappets for a 2.0 L supercharged…

460

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study the engineering application of diamond like carbon (DLC) coatings on the surfaces of piston pins and bucket tappets for a 2.0 L supercharged gasoline engine. The friction loss and durability of DLC-coated components were investigated.

Design/methodology/approach

The tribological characteristics were examined under oil-lubricated conditions in a CETR UMT reciprocating tribometer. In a motored engine test rig, friction loss torque test was performed to estimate the improvement in fuel economy. Fired engine durability bench tests of typical duration of 450 h were completed to access the durability and wear resistance of DLC coating. Before and after durability tests, coated and uncoated components were measured on the sliding surface by a profilometer technique.

Findings

Friction and wear test results show that DLC coating has low friction coefficient and reduces the wear rates by almost ten times compared to those of uncoated surfaces. Friction loss measurements indicate that DLC-coated tappets can reduce valve train friction loss by 29 per cent, and DLC-coated piston pins can reduce piston group friction by 11 per cent. Based on fired engine durability bench tests, it is evidenced that none of the coated tappets and pins show any noticeable peeling or delamination. Wear profiles analysis results indicate that DLC-coated engine components give rise to a substantial reduction in wear.

Originality/value

DLC coating applied onto the working surface of piston pin and bucket tappet can effectively reduce the friction loss of gasoline engine. DLC coating exhibits sufficient durability and improves friction and wear performance.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 68 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

Keywords

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Executive summary
Publication date: 5 January 2016

HONG KONG: Beijing may encroach more on media freedom

Details

DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-ES207646

ISSN: 2633-304X

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