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Article
Publication date: 2 February 2023

Amanda J. Wilson, Catherine Staley, Brittney Davis and Blair Anton

Progress toward health equity is necessary to reduce health disparities, and health literacy is key to achieving this goal. Because libraries provide access to knowledge and…

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Abstract

Purpose

Progress toward health equity is necessary to reduce health disparities, and health literacy is key to achieving this goal. Because libraries provide access to knowledge and insights about their communities, they are effective partners in advancing health equity and implementing programs to reduce health disparities. A literature review on library programs and activities that focus on promoting health equity was conducted.

Design/methodology/approach

A literature review on library programs and activities concerning health equity and social determinants of health was conducted. Relevant literature was identified from searches of databases, library publications and grey literature.

Findings

The authors found 224 eligible sources and many types of libraries advancing health equity. Libraries frame their role in advancing health equity through external programs in three ways: (1) providing access to high-quality health information, (2) delivering health literacy training and resources and (3) connecting their communities with community health services. Libraries also advance health equity by focusing on internal library operations and providing research services focused on cultural humility and competence as they apply to health care.

Originality/value

This literature review will help the National Library of Medicine (NLM) develop a strategy to support libraries advancing health equity through information made available by programs and activities of NLM and the Network of the National Library of Medicine.

Details

Reference Services Review, vol. 51 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0090-7324

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Article
Publication date: 3 April 2018

Acácia Gonçalves Ferreira Leal, Rodrigo Luiz Vancini, Paulo Gentil, Ana Amélia Benedito-Silva, Antonio Carlos da Silva, Mário Hebling Campos, Marilia Santos Andrade and Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira

The purpose of this paper was to assess the knowledge on sport and exercise science held by a sample of Brazilian physiotherapists, nutritionists and physical educators.

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper was to assess the knowledge on sport and exercise science held by a sample of Brazilian physiotherapists, nutritionists and physical educators.

Design/methodology/approach

A cross-sectional research design was used. The answers given by 1,147 professionals (300 physiotherapists, 705 physical educators and 142 nutritionists) who participated in a qualifying process for a specialization course on exercise physiology were analyzed. Questions were analyzed on maximal oxygen uptake (four questions), physical fitness assessment (three questions), physical training (two questions), bioenergetics (one question) and exercise in extreme environments (one question).

Findings

The results revealed misconceptions held by Brazilian health professionals on a number of concepts related to sport and exercise science, such as maximal oxygen uptake.

Practical implications

These results reinforce the need for continuing education programs to maximize the quality of the service provided by sport and exercise science professionals in Brazil. Improvements in the undergraduate courses curriculum are also recommended.

Originality/value

This is the first study to assess misconceptions about sport and exercise science among Brazilian health professionals.

Details

Health Education, vol. 118 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0965-4283

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Book part
Publication date: 10 August 2023

Rizason L. Go Tian-Ng and Jofel D. Umandap

The tagasalo concept is a unique Filipino personality, indigenous to its culture and relevant within the family system. Carandang (1987) based this concept from her in-depth…

Abstract

The tagasalo concept is a unique Filipino personality, indigenous to its culture and relevant within the family system. Carandang (1987) based this concept from her in-depth clinical practice and observation of Filipino family dynamics. The tagasalo is the family member who “catches” or “saves” the family and feels inordinately responsible for the care and welfare of other members of the family. Udarbe (2001) conducted further research and identified dynamics of the tagasalo personality. In the current study, the authors have extended the framework by exploring other dimensions aside from the compulsive and non-compulsive dimensions. The tagasalo also exhibits internalizing behaviors, an implicit tendency to be sensitive to other people, struggling with internal anxiety and stress; and externalizing behaviors by acting out explicitly to alleviate these anxieties. This chapter provides an in-depth theoretical-historical development of the tagasalo personality construct, locates it in broader psychological literature, and extends its potential by identifying multiple dimensions, supported with case illustrations and a composite case analysis.

Details

Resilience and Familism: The Dynamic Nature of Families in the Philippines
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80455-414-2

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Article
Publication date: 1 April 2000

In preparing this report, the compliance sub‐group has set out to (a) summarise the current compliance regime as a matter of law and practice, (b) identify particular problem…

210

Abstract

In preparing this report, the compliance sub‐group has set out to (a) summarise the current compliance regime as a matter of law and practice, (b) identify particular problem areas within that regime concerning public sector officials (PSOs), and (c) suggest recommendations for change. The result may be seen as providing features of a ‘model’ compliance structure designed to cause difficulties for corrupt PSOs seeking to launder the proceeds of their corruption; UK law and practice has formed the springboard for the model, but it should be stressed that in order to be of any utility any suggested changes would have to be adopted (effectively) universally throughout the financial world. Piecemeal adoption by one or a few states would merely be likely to drive the tainted monies elsewhere, and would not serve the desired purpose of reducing the extent/profitability of corruption.

Details

Journal of Money Laundering Control, vol. 4 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1368-5201

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Article
Publication date: 14 November 2022

Iulian Vamanu

This study examined dossiers of informative pursual (DIPs), a particular type of secret police files, before and after the fall of Communism in Romania. These DIPs were often…

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Abstract

Purpose

This study examined dossiers of informative pursual (DIPs), a particular type of secret police files, before and after the fall of Communism in Romania. These DIPs were often weaponized against citizens perceived to be anti-government.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on Buckland's (2017) concept of a document as an object with physical, mental and social parts, the study used thematic analysis to examine volumes of DIPs from 1945 to 1989 Communist Romania as well as several recorded reactions to the DIPs by the victims who were targeted by the Communist secret police.

Findings

Four themes were revealed by the study's findings and discussed within the manuscript: DIPs as unreliable epistemic tools, DIPs as tools to construct the identity of the “People's Enemy,” DIPs as weapons to fight the “People's Enemy” and DIPs as tools that could be used in counterattacks during post-Communism, including in political-economic blackmailing.

Research limitations/implications

There are two major limitations to research of DIPs. First, since many DIPs have been stolen, copied illicitly or even destroyed, it is difficult to articulate precisely their actual or potential social and political effects. Researchers may often detect these effects only indirectly, based on information leaks in the news. Second, many victims of surveillance practices during the Communist period have chosen not to leave records of their reactions to reading the DIPs that targeted them.

Social implications

Current and future comprehensive studies of DIPs can reveal possible parallels between surveillance by the Communist regime and the massive data-collection that occurs in democratic societies, particularly given the increased technical capabilities for processing data in these democratic societies.

Originality/value

Within documentation studies, secret police files and document weaponization have been particularly under-researched, therefore this study contributes to a small body of literature.

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Article
Publication date: 1 April 2004

Georgios I. Zekos

Investigates the differences in protocols between arbitral tribunals and courts, with particular emphasis on US, Greek and English law. Gives examples of each country and its way…

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Abstract

Investigates the differences in protocols between arbitral tribunals and courts, with particular emphasis on US, Greek and English law. Gives examples of each country and its way of using the law in specific circumstances, and shows the variations therein. Sums up that arbitration is much the better way to gok as it avoids delays and expenses, plus the vexation/frustration of normal litigation. Concludes that the US and Greek constitutions and common law tradition in England appear to allow involved parties to choose their own judge, who can thus be an arbitrator. Discusses e‐commerce and speculates on this for the future.

Details

Managerial Law, vol. 46 no. 2/3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0309-0558

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Book part
Publication date: 26 November 2020

Timothy R. Hannigan and Guillermo Casasnovas

Field emergence poses an intriguing problem for institutional theorists. New issue fields often arise at the intersection of different sectors, amidst extant structures of…

Abstract

Field emergence poses an intriguing problem for institutional theorists. New issue fields often arise at the intersection of different sectors, amidst extant structures of meanings and actors. Such nascent fields are fragmented and lack clear guides for action; making it unclear how they ever coalesce. The authors propose that provisional social structures provide actors with macrosocial presuppositions that shape ongoing field-configuration; bootstrapping the field. The authors explore this empirically in the context of social impact investing in the UK, 2000–2013, a period in which this field moved from clear fragmentation to relative alignment. The authors combine different computational text analysis methods, and data from an extensive field-level study, to uncover meaningful patterns of interaction and structuration. Our results show that across various periods, different types of actors were linked together in discourse through “actor–meaning couplets.” These emergent couplings of actors and meanings provided actors with social cues, or macrofoundations, which guided their local activities. The authors thus theorize a recursive, co-constitutive process: as punctuated moments of interaction generate provisional structures of actor–meaning couplets, which then cue actors as they navigate and constitute the emerging field. Our model re-energizes the core tenets of new structuralism and contributes to current debates about institutional emergence and change.

Details

Macrofoundations: Exploring the Institutionally Situated Nature of Activity
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83909-160-5

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 1989

Howard Johnson

The purpose of this monograph is to examine the main elements of the Copyright Designs & Patents Act 1988 which received the Royal Assent on the 15th November 1988. The Act…

558

Abstract

The purpose of this monograph is to examine the main elements of the Copyright Designs & Patents Act 1988 which received the Royal Assent on the 15th November 1988. The Act provided for a major overhaul of the law on copyright and on registered designs, as well as certain adjustments to patent and trademark law and two major new regimes on performers' rights and design rights. While this is a major domestic reform the law is unlikely to remain unaltered for long because of the move towards a single market within the E.E.C. by 1992. This will lead to the introduction of harmonised regimes on the various elements of intellectual property law such as copyright and industrial design which will no doubt require some readjustment to U.K. domestic law. Recently the E.E.C. Commission published a Green Paper on “Copyright and the Challenge of Technology” which suggests solutions to some questions such as the vexed problem of illegal home taping which are different to those adopted by the U.K. in the new Act. [On 21/12/88 a draft directive on Copyright & Computer Software which proposes a harmonised regime for the protection of computer programs and related matters was published]. It also has to be borne in mind that while Article 222 of the Treaty of Rome states that the treaty does not affect the existence of national intellectual property right regimes the “exercise” of these national rights may be found to infringe the provisions of the Treaty on free movement of goods (Arts. 30–36) or on competition law (Arts. 85–86).

Details

Managerial Law, vol. 31 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0309-0558

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Article
Publication date: 27 June 2008

Stephen Brown

The purpose of this paper is to examine the widely‐held belief that marketing holds customers in thrall and persuades them to buy things they otherwise would not.

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the widely‐held belief that marketing holds customers in thrall and persuades them to buy things they otherwise would not.

Design/methodology/approach

Rather than adopt a scientific approach to the mesmeric marketing phenomenon, it embraces an artistic perspective, focusing on three crucial cultural “moments” in the emergence of the great manipulator mindset.

Findings

Whereas innumerable scientific experiments show that subliminal advertising does not work, except in certain circumstances, the cultural approach demonstrates that subliminals are, in fact, enormously successful. Regardless of scientific evidence to the contrary, most consumers believe that subliminal advertising not only works but is an established marketing practice.

Practical implications

The paper suggests that marketers should place less reliance on the scientific paradigm. Marketing science has its place – a very important place – but not everything can be captured in a simultaneous equation or linear regression model. Cultural components analysis is just as significant as principal components analysis.

Originality/value

Received wisdom concerning subliminal advertising is challenged and creatively reinterpreted from a supra‐science standpoint.

Details

European Business Review, vol. 20 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0955-534X

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Article
Publication date: 26 November 2024

Vitiana L'Abate, Benedetta Esposito, Daniela Sica and Stefania Supino

This study aims to analyze the determinants of circular economy (CE) initiatives based on the performance related to the sustainable development goals (SDGs) of firms operating in…

36

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to analyze the determinants of circular economy (CE) initiatives based on the performance related to the sustainable development goals (SDGs) of firms operating in the Oil and Gas (O&G) sector. In detail, adopting a stakeholder–agency theory lens, this study explores the relationship between corporate governance and CE performance measured through SDGs. Specifically, the research aims to highlight how corporate governance attributes could affect firms’ ability to implement CE practices and – in turn – reach a higher SDG performance.

Design/methodology/approach

A global sample of firms operating in the O&G sector has been selected from the Thomson Reuters Refinitiv Eikon database. To test the research hypotheses, an SDG-based CE performance index has been developed. Subsequently, an ordinary least squares (OLS) regression model is carried out to explore the impact of the following variables on the CE performance index: board size, board gender diversity, board independence and corporate social responsibility (CSR) committee.

Findings

The results highlight that the board size and the presence of a CSR committee positively influenced SDG-based CE performance. However, board gender diversity does not have a significant impact on CE performance in relation to the SDGs, whereas board independence appears to exert a negative effect.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study represents the first research that systematically addresses CE performance based on SDGs in the O&G industry, providing implications for the sector from both theoretical and managerial points of view.

Details

Measuring Business Excellence, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1368-3047

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