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Article
Publication date: 1 September 2003

Bernhard Weiß and Oszkár Bíró

A multigrid (MG) algorithm for the calculation of transient 3D eddy currents is presented. The finite element method with edge elements is used for the discretization of the…

296

Abstract

A multigrid (MG) algorithm for the calculation of transient 3D eddy currents is presented. The finite element method with edge elements is used for the discretization of the problems. For the MG smoother, a multiplicative Schwarz algorithm and a special Gauss‐Seidel iteration are compared for different formulations of the eddy‐current problem. It appears that, using the right combination of smoother and eddy‐current formulation, the computation times can be substantially reduced.

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COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 22 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 2001

Bernhard Weiß and Oszkár Bíró

A geometric multigrid (MG) method for the efficient solution of 3D non‐linear magnetostatic field problems is presented. A finite element method (FEM) with edge elements is used…

435

Abstract

A geometric multigrid (MG) method for the efficient solution of 3D non‐linear magnetostatic field problems is presented. A finite element method (FEM) with edge elements is used to describe the magnetic vector potential. A numerical example is presented to demonstrate the efficiency of the MG method not only for linear, but also for non‐linear problems.

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COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 20 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

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Article
Publication date: 10 July 2009

Karl Hollaus, Oszkár Bíró, Gernot Matzenauer, Christian Stockreiter, Bernhard Weiß, Peter Caldera and Gerhard Paoli

The purpose of this paper is to study the extraction of scattering parameters (SPs) from simple structures on a printed circuit board (PCB) by the finite difference time domain…

274

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study the extraction of scattering parameters (SPs) from simple structures on a printed circuit board (PCB) by the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method with the aid of a surface impedance boundary condition (SIBC).

Design/methodology/approach

The incorporation of SIBC into the FDTD method is described for the general case. The excitation of a field problem by a field pattern and the transition from the field solution to a circuit representation by SPs is discussed.

Findings

SPs obtained by FDTD with SIBC are validated with semi‐analytic solutions and compared with results obtained by different numerical methods. Results of a microstrip with a discontinuity considering losses are presented demonstrating the capability of the present method.

Originality/value

The comparison of numerical results obtained by different methods demonstrates the capability of the present method to extract SPs from PCBs very efficiently.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 28 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

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Publication date: 10 August 2017

Christian Nestler and Jan Rohgalf

This chapter enquires into the German right-wing populist party Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) and its narrative of the nation under attack. For two reasons, the AfD is a…

Abstract

This chapter enquires into the German right-wing populist party Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) and its narrative of the nation under attack. For two reasons, the AfD is a particular interesting case. Since its foundation in February 2013 the AfD was constantly extraordinarily successful in state, federal as well as European elections. The support garnered in their first elections is without precedent in German post-war history. What is more, no other populist party ever gained a similar backing in Germany. In contrast to other European countries, political culture in Germany for a long time entailed an anti-populist consensus which significantly curbed the outlook of populist parties. The rise of the AfD maybe indicates the erosion of this consensus. The chapter is based on the systematic analysis of all official party documents 2013/14.

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National Identity and Europe in Times of Crisis
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78714-514-6

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Book part
Publication date: 22 August 2014

John C. Weidman, W. James Jacob and Daniel Casebeer

There has been a resurgence of interest in comparative and international research on teacher education that has been driven, in large part, by the emergence over the past two…

Abstract

There has been a resurgence of interest in comparative and international research on teacher education that has been driven, in large part, by the emergence over the past two decades of comprehensive international studies of student achievement supported by (1) the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) and (2) the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), and Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS). Widely published country rankings that set benchmarks for student achievement suggest the importance of understanding more fully what specific characteristics set highly ranked countries apart, especially quality of teaching and teacher education.

Recent literature on comparative and international teacher education is reviewed, focusing on special issues of Prospects (Vol. 42, March 2012, “Internationalization of Teacher Education”), sponsored by the UNESCO International Bureau of Education (IBE) in Geneva, Switzerland, and the International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education (Vol. 11, August 2013, “International Perspectives on Mathematics and Science Teacher Education for the Future”), sponsored by the National Science Council of Taiwan.

A conceptual framework for describing the complexity of teacher education in comparative and international context is presented, adapting an approach used for understanding educational change and reform in emerging democracies. The chapter concludes with a discussion of theoretical perspectives that have been applied to teacher education in comparative and international education with recommendations for new directions that might inform scholarly understanding as well as practice.

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Article
Publication date: 19 June 2007

B. Weiß, O. Bíró, P. Caldera, K. Hollaus, G. Paoli, K. Preis and C. Stockreiter

The convergence of the transfinite‐element (TFE) method for high frequency methods is analyzed in this paper. Two different potential formulations will be compared in the…

268

Abstract

Purpose

The convergence of the transfinite‐element (TFE) method for high frequency methods is analyzed in this paper. Two different potential formulations will be compared in the frequency and time domain.

Design/methodology/approach

The A*‐and A,v‐formulation for time domain and frequency domain transfinite elements are described. The convergence properties of the methods are investigated and demonstrated on a simple test problem.

Findings

It is shown that the convergence of the frequency domain method depends also on the discretization of areas where the field values do not change very much. A numerical example shows that for the calculation of the whole frequency range, the time domain approach is much more faster than the frequency domain method.

Research limitations/implications

Further, work should also cover additional formulations like, e.g. the T,Φ‐formulation.

Practical implications

Pros and cons of different formulations and methods for solving high frequency problems for printed circuit boards or microwave structures are investigated.

Originality/value

The originality of the paper is the comparison, the discussion and the explanations of the convergence of the TFE method for wave propagation.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 26 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

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Available. Content available
Article
Publication date: 23 January 2009

140

Abstract

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 81 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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Article
Publication date: 20 February 2024

Tamer Koburtay and Zaid Alqhaiwi

Informed by the concept of well-being in Islam and the eudaimonic view of psychological well-being (PWB), and drawing on resilience theory, this study aims to understand (1) the…

207

Abstract

Purpose

Informed by the concept of well-being in Islam and the eudaimonic view of psychological well-being (PWB), and drawing on resilience theory, this study aims to understand (1) the implications of residing in conflict areas for entrepreneurs’ PWB, (2) the barriers facing entrepreneurs in these areas and (3) the implications of their religiosity for their PWB.

Design/methodology/approach

Utilizing an interpretative qualitative method, this study employed 22 entrepreneurs residing in conflict areas (Palestine and Libya). Thematic analysis was used to explore the participants’ experiences and insights.

Findings

The findings show that living in conflict areas enhances certain components of entrepreneurs’ PWB, such as self-acceptance and having a purpose in life and diminishes other components of their PWB, including environmental mastery, personal growth, the presence of autonomy and positive relations with others. Additionally, the findings suggest that religiosity, viewed through an Islamic lens, positively contributes to entrepreneurs’ PWB and identify societal (macro level) barriers faced by entrepreneurs in these areas.

Originality/value

The study is theoretically and contextually relevant and offers novel insights into the interplay between religion and well-being in conflict areas. It presents a reinvigorated awareness, opens specific research directions and permits the contextual applicability and possible extension of resilience theory.

Details

International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, vol. 30 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2554

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Article
Publication date: 4 February 2025

Ana Andrun

This research examines social innovations in public health (SIPH) in Erfurt and Hamburg, Germany, from 2021 onwards. There is a need for further research to identify the…

12

Abstract

Purpose

This research examines social innovations in public health (SIPH) in Erfurt and Hamburg, Germany, from 2021 onwards. There is a need for further research to identify the relationship between policies and their effect on SIPH. This paper responds to this need, through a holistic conceptual framework. It becomes a kaleidoscope for exploration: it explores the narrative of SIPH within their landscapes, both outward and inward. This paper inspects whether there is, if any, PH innovation translated into reality. It informs us about the policy vs reality differences and by doing so it expands the research on PH vs social innovation.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper draws on a mixed conceptual framework. The focus is on community SIPH projects, in Hamburg and Erfurt. This paper uses policy field theory to attest to the level of integration between national and state level (1); the ecosystem lens to understand how cities define and create their innovation ecosystem environments (2). It then examines the internal dynamics of the SIPH, exploring whether they exhibit triple or quadruple helix characteristics (Quadruple helix collaboration theory) (3) and whether they are independent (do they behave like an art world in itself) (4) and do they have distinct roles from within (innovation roles theory) (5).

Findings

Preliminary findings reveal the absence of community, grass-root level SIPH. Policies are framed within ecosystem narratives: Erfurt’s strong value lies in its university community leadership while Hamburg demonstrates strong cultural component to social innovation. Overall, narratives surrounding social innovation differ, reflecting diverse values and priorities. Further analysis will explore the complex relationship between policy and practice, considering local factors like path dependencies which contribute to the (lack of) community engagement and resources.

Research limitations/implications

This study focuses on limited national and state policy papers and media sources. The limitation of this is, however, that it may not fully capture the breadth of social innovation initiatives in PH across all levels of governance, healthcare at large, community projects in other geographical areas of the country of Thuringia or for-profit sphere in both cities. It is important to note here that it may largely omit the policy involvement of Thuringia at large, as it focuses on Erfurt. Hamburg, as the state and the city, possesses more capacities and different governmental set-up from Erfurt, which is the capital city of Thuringia state. This is why this paper is not necessarily a comparative one, it is impossible to compare the two. This study furthermore acknowledges a couple of other limitations. First, the diverse theoretical frameworks employed, while offering complementary perspectives (and are being employed precisely for this reason!) are not fully integrated (due to their inherent differences of focus as well as the scope of this research). A more in-depth exploration of each theory could have provided insights. Second, the exclusion of for-profit social enterprises and innovations from the analysis may limit the general applicability of the findings to the broader landscape of social innovation. Third, while the study examined current policies and initiatives, it did not explicitly delve into the historical path dependencies that may have shaped the current context of social innovation in PH. Fourth, the political dimensions of social innovation, such as power dynamics and competing interests among stakeholders, are not explored. Additionally, while this study offers a comprehensive overview, it does not constitute a detailed case study of any of the two cities (which could have provided a more nuanced understanding of specific contexts).

Practical implications

This research offers practical insights for policymakers and practitioners in the PH sector. By identifying the factors influencing SIPH success, the findings can inform the design and implementation of future initiatives. The comparative analysis of Erfurt and Hamburg demonstrates the need for context-specific strategies that leverage local strengths and address unique challenges. The research emphasizes the importance of collaboration, community engagement and responsive policies to foster sustainable and impactful SIPH.

Social implications

By analyzing policies holistically and evaluating their level of integration, this paper contributes to discovering a degree of cultural and grass-root readiness towards SIPH.

Originality/value

This research provides a unique grass-root perspective on SIPH in two German cities, highlighting the interplay between policy and local practice. It contributes to a growing body of knowledge on social innovation in the PH sector. By focusing on recent developments and the impact of Germany’s national strategy, the research provides timely and relevant information for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers interested in fostering social innovation for PH. Organizational and sociological perspective, creative theoretical kaleidoscopes, unusual social science approaches to ambiguity of policy worlds might help and, together with the sharp case study methods, discover path dependencies and behaviors we need in order to elevate SIPH in each and community, welcome demographic and health challenges awaiting us with readiness and in time.

Details

Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2045-2101

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Article
Publication date: 28 September 2010

Christa Liedtke, Carolin Baedeker, Sandra Kolberg and Michael Lettenmeier

The Hot Spot Analysis developed by the Wuppertal Institute is a screening tool focussing on the demand of reliable sustainability‐oriented decision‐making processes in complex…

1669

Abstract

Purpose

The Hot Spot Analysis developed by the Wuppertal Institute is a screening tool focussing on the demand of reliable sustainability‐oriented decision‐making processes in complex value chains identifying high priority areas (“hot spots”) for effective measures in companies. This paper aims to focus on this tool.

Design/methodology/approach

The Hot Spot Analysis is a qualitative method following a cradle‐to‐cradle approach. With the examples of coffee and cream cheese hot spots of sustainability indicators throughout the entire life cycle are identified and evaluated with data from literature reviews and expert consultations or stakeholder statements. This paper focuses on the indicator resource efficiency as an example of how the methodology works.

Findings

The identified hot spots for coffee are the raw material procurement phase in terms of abiotic material, water and energy consumption, the production phase concerning biotic material and the energy consumption in the use phase. For cream cheese relevant hot spots appear in the raw material procurement phase in terms of biotic materials and water as well as biotic materials and energy consumption during the production phase.

Research limitations/implications

Life cycle analyses connected to indicators like resource efficiency need to be applied as consequent steps of a Hot Spot Analysis if a deeper level of analysis is eventually aimed at which is more cost and time intensive in the short term. The Hot Spot Analysis can be combined with other sustainability management instruments.

Practical implications

Research and management can be directed to hot spots of sustainability potential quickly which pays off in the long term.

Originality/value

The paper shows that companies can address sustainability potentials relatively cost moderately.

Details

British Food Journal, vol. 112 no. 10
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0007-070X

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