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1 – 10 of 255Sheila Hollins, Jo Egerton and Barry Carpenter
The purpose of this paper is to introduce the social and scientific rationale for book clubs, whose members read wordless books together, and give examples of storytelling with…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to introduce the social and scientific rationale for book clubs, whose members read wordless books together, and give examples of storytelling with picture books in libraries and other community settings for people with intellectual disabilities and autism.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors consider the impact of book clubs reading picture books without words, alongside an understanding of the underlying neuroscience (see Table I for search strategy). The authors compare differences in the neuroscience of information and emotion processing between pictures and words. Accounts from book club facilitators illustrate these differences in practice.
Findings
Many readers who struggle with reading and comprehending words, find pictures much easier to understand. Book clubs support community inclusion, as for other people in society. A focus on visual rather than word literacy encourages successful shared reading.
Research limitations/implications
No research has been published about the feasibility and effectiveness of wordless books in community book clubs or shared reading groups. There is very little research on the impact of accessible materials, despite a legal requirement for services to provide reasonable adjustments and the investment of time and resources in developing storylines in pictures, or “translating” information into easy read formats.
Practical implications
Book clubs whose members read picture books without words are growing in number, especially in public libraries in the UK. Expansion is dependent on funding to pay for training for librarians and volunteer facilitators.
Social implications
There is a shortage of fully accessible activities for adults with intellectual disabilities in mainstream community settings with a primarily social purpose.
Originality/value
To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper describing the theory and impact of wordless book clubs for people who find pictures easier to understand than words.
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Sheila Hollins, Barry Carpenter, Elspeth Bradley and Jo Egerton
Based on a literature and practice review, the purpose of this paper is to examine the theoretical and clinical basis for using wordless books with patients who have intellectual…
Abstract
Purpose
Based on a literature and practice review, the purpose of this paper is to examine the theoretical and clinical basis for using wordless books with patients who have intellectual disabilities (ID) and/or autism.
Design/methodology/approach
A literature review identified seminal peer-reviewed English language articles relating to the neuroscience of information and emotion processing for adults with ID and/or autism. In addition to published examples, illustrative case examples were contributed by clinicians regularly using wordless books.
Findings
Many people, including those with ID, selectively attend to visual information. Minimising the cognitive load by using wordless pictorial narrative reduces anxiety, and empowers the patient. Clinicians using such resources describe positive clinical outcomes. Only the Beyond Words wordless books have been identified in published clinical trials.
Research limitations/implications
Although existing evidence suggests a strong positive impact, further research into the use of wordless books for people with ID is needed.
Practical implications
Wordless books are reported to help develop staff skills and empathy for supporting adults with ID. The books facilitate some legally required reasonable adjustments to increase service access. Staff training is needed for effective use of wordless books.
Originality/value
Wordless books specifically designed with and for adults with word processing difficulties, ID and/or autism to enhance health literacy and explore their own narratives and emotional responses around health experiences and personal traumas are a unique approach. This paper may also offer the first exploration of their neuropsychological underpinnings.
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Barry Carpenter, Jessica Carpenter, Jo Egerton and Bev Cockbill
The purpose of this paper is to describe and illustrate the use of the Engagement for Learning Framework developed through the Complex Learning Difficulties and Disabilities…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to describe and illustrate the use of the Engagement for Learning Framework developed through the Complex Learning Difficulties and Disabilities (CLDD) Research Project (2009-2011). The resources support mainstream and special educators to extend the engagement of learners with CLDD.
Design/methodology/approach
In total, 95 educational settings and 224 students took part across three phases of research (November 2009-March 2011) comprising a resource development phase and two trial phases in mainstream and special schools. The researchers used an exploratory, multiple case study approach and action research methodologies. A recent case study from Hamilton School, Birmingham, illustrates the Engagement for Learning Framework.
Findings
The resulting Engagement Profile and Scale data showed increases in engagement for similar proportions of the student cohort. Across the three phases, 81-85 per cent (mean: 83 per cent) increased their levels of engagement for learning, 2-9 per cent (mean: 5.3 per cent) showed no change, while 5.5-16 per cent (mean: 11.6 per cent) showed decreased levels of engagement. Descriptive data corroborated these scores.
Originality/value
This original research added value to existing work by developing resources for educators that enabled them to adapt activities to encourage students’ engagement in seven engagement areas (awareness, curiosity, investigation, discovery, anticipation, persistence and initiation). The resources enabled educators to score learner engagement over time to show progress and collected associated descriptive data.
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Young people with learning disabilities are at risk of developing mental health problems. The Foundation for People with Learning Disabilities conducted a one‐year inquiry into…
Abstract
Young people with learning disabilities are at risk of developing mental health problems. The Foundation for People with Learning Disabilities conducted a one‐year inquiry into meeting their mental health needs. This paper explores ways of supporting emotional resilience and the response of services when young people with learning disabilities experience mental distress.
Different aspects of the design of case picking systems were covered at a one‐day conference last October organised by the National Materials Handling Centre. Among those present…
Abstract
Different aspects of the design of case picking systems were covered at a one‐day conference last October organised by the National Materials Handling Centre. Among those present was Jack Hollingum of Logistics World.
Eddie Chaplin, Jane McCarthy, Samuel Tromans and Verity Chester