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Article
Publication date: 27 February 2024

Karthikeyan Paramanandam, Venkatachalapathy S, Balamurugan Srinivasan and Nanda Kishore P V R

This study aims to minimize the pressure drop across wavy microchannels using secondary branches without compromising its capacity to transfer the heat. The impact of secondary…

146

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to minimize the pressure drop across wavy microchannels using secondary branches without compromising its capacity to transfer the heat. The impact of secondary flows on the pressure drop and heat transfer capabilities at different Reynolds numbers are investigated numerically for different wavy microchannels. Finally, different channels are evaluated using performance evaluation criteria to determine their effectiveness.

Design/methodology/approach

To investigate the flow and heat transfer capabilities in wavy microchannels having secondary branches, a 3D conjugate heat transfer model based on finite volume method is used. In conventional wavy microchannel, secondary branches are introduced at crest and trough locations. For the numerical simulation, a single symmetrical channel is used to minimize computational time and resources and the flow within the channels remains single-phase and laminar.

Findings

The findings indicate that the suggested secondary channels notably improve heat transfer and decrease pressure drop within the channels. At lower flow rates, the secondary channels demonstrate superior performance in terms of heat transfer. However, the performance declines as the flow rate increased. With the same amplitude and wavelength, the introduction of secondary channels reduces the pressure drop compared with conventional wavy channels. Due to the presence of secondary channels, the flow splits from the main channel, and part of the core flow gets diverted into the secondary channel as the flow takes the path of minimum resistance. Due to this flow split, the core velocity is reduced. An increase in flow area helps in reducing pressure drop.

Practical implications

Many complex and intricate microchannels are proposed by the researchers to augment heat dissipation. There are challenges in the fabrication of microchannels, such as surface finish and achieving the required dimensions. However, due to the recent developments in metal additive manufacturing and microfabrication techniques, the complex shapes proposed in this paper are feasible to fabricate.

Originality/value

Wavy channels are widely used in heat transfer and micro-fluidics applications. The proposed wavy microchannels with secondary channels are different when compared to conventional wavy channels and can be used practically to solve thermal challenges. They help achieve a lower pressure drop in wavy microchannels without compromising heat transfer performance.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. 34 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0961-5539

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Article
Publication date: 25 November 2021

Tao You and Balamurugan S.

The widespread use of the internet and the rapid development of the internet of things in information technology have increased the need for network-enabled marketing. It is…

363

Abstract

Purpose

The widespread use of the internet and the rapid development of the internet of things in information technology have increased the need for network-enabled marketing. It is important to service a broad class involving logistics, buyer, seller and end-users. During various phases of the sales, purchases and marketing process, IoT will influence decision-making. Electronic commerce is a new form of trade under the development of modern information technology.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, the integrated neutrosophic framework based on the internet of things (INF-IoT) has been proposed to support marketers and companies to make a powerful marketing strategy using identified data from IoT devices.

Findings

The experimental results show that the proposed method has high performance and very efficient.

Originality/value

This approach may reduce business activity to its core components, which include, in the simplest case, a value proposal, distribution channels and customers, and explain how a network of multi-actors generates a product and services, distributes and uses the value in production. Furthermore, an efficient interface is provided by the logistic module to maintain an order list.

Details

The Electronic Library , vol. 40 no. 1/2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-0473

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Article
Publication date: 4 December 2020

Liang Chen, Prathik Anandhan and Balamurugan S.

In this paper, an intelligent information assisted communication transportation framework (II-CTF) has been introduced to reduce congestion, data reliability in transportation and…

488

Abstract

Purpose

In this paper, an intelligent information assisted communication transportation framework (II-CTF) has been introduced to reduce congestion, data reliability in transportation and the environmental effects.

Design/methodology/approach

The main concern of II-CTF is to mitigate public congestion using current transport services, which helps to improve data reliability under hazardous circumstances and to avoid accidents when the driver cannot respond reasonably. The program uses machine learning assistance to predict optimal routes based on movement patterns and categorization of vehicles, which helps to minimize congestion of traffic.

Findings

In II-CTF, scheduling traffic optimization helps to reduce the energy and many challenges faced by traffic managers in terms of optimization of the route, average waiting time and congestion of traffic, travel, and environmental impact due to heavy traffic collision.

Originality/value

The II-CTF definition is supposed to attempt to overcome some of the problems of the transportation environment that pose difficulties and make the carriage simpler, safer, more efficient and green for all.

Details

The Electronic Library , vol. 38 no. 5/6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-0473

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Book part
Publication date: 10 February 2023

Akansha Mer and Avantika Srivastava

Introduction: The Covid-19 pandemic wreaked havoc on the organisations in the form of increased job demands which manifested through increased workload, time pressure, etc…

Abstract

Introduction: The Covid-19 pandemic wreaked havoc on the organisations in the form of increased job demands which manifested through increased workload, time pressure, etc. Similarly, stress and burnout engulfed the employees. Remote work became the new normal post-pandemic. Remote workers require more engagement. This has brought Artificial Intelligence (AI) to the forefront for engaging employees in the new normal.

Purpose: With limited studies on AI-enabled employee engagement in the new normal, this study investigates and proposes a conceptual framework of employee engagement in the context of AI and its impact on organisations.

Methodology: A systematic review and meta-synthesis method is undertaken. A systematic literature review assisted in critically analysing, synthesising, and mapping the extant literature by identifying the broad themes.

Findings: Since many organisations are turning to remote work post-pandemic and remote work requires more engagement, organisations are investing in AI to boost employee engagement in the new normal. Several antecedents of employee engagement such as quality of work life, diversity and inclusion, and communication are facilitated by AI. AI helps enhance the quality of work life by playing a major role in providing fair compensation, safe and healthy working conditions, immediate opportunity to use and develop human capacities, continued growth and security, work and total life space, and social relevance of work life. This has led to positive organisational outcomes like increased productivity, employee well-being, and decreased attrition rate. Furthermore, AI helps in measuring employee engagement. The various tools of AI, such as wearable technology, digital biomarker, neural network, data mining, data analytics, machine learning (ML), natural language processing (NLP), etc., have gone a long way in engaging employees in the new normal.

Details

The Adoption and Effect of Artificial Intelligence on Human Resources Management, Part A
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80382-027-9

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Book part
Publication date: 6 March 2025

Akansha Mer and Amarpreet Singh Virdi

Purpose: The surge in utilising big data, machine learning (ML), and artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly strengthened financial systems, enhancing their robustness…

Abstract

Purpose: The surge in utilising big data, machine learning (ML), and artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly strengthened financial systems, enhancing their robustness, safety, and fairness. AI in finance is profoundly reshaping our lives. This study investigates AI’s role in personal and corporate finance.

Methodology: A comprehensive literature review was conducted to examine studies on the application of AI in personal and corporate finance.

Findings: The financial services sector is undergoing an AI-led transformation, leveraging technologies such as deep learning, collaborative filtering, support vector machines, automation, robotic assistance, and AI-based predictive modelling. In personal finance, AI delivers personalised insights, automates procedures, detects fraud, and enhances financial literacy. It empowers individuals to manage their finances more effectively by tracking expenditures, aiding in budget management, and setting and monitoring financial goals. In corporate finance, AI aids in detecting and analysing credit risks, improving loan underwriting, and minimising financial risk. It also helps reduce financial crimes and enhances the financial performance of accounting firms. AI’s role in bookkeeping, accounting, and financial management significantly benefits entrepreneurs, business executives, investors, and bankers involved in starting and growing organisations.

Practical Implications: In personal finance, AI enhances financial planning, automates transactions, improves credit scoring, and strengthens fraud detection. In corporate finance, AI facilitates advanced risk management, precise financial forecasting, cost reduction through automation, and optimised investment strategies.

Details

Financial Landscape Transformation: Technological Disruptions
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83753-751-8

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 31 December 2024

Aimad Koulali, Paweł Ziółkowski, Piotr Radomski, Luciano De Sio, Jacek Zieliński, María Cristina Nevárez Martínez and Dariusz Mikielewicz

In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemics, the demand for innovative and effective methods of bacterial inactivation has become a critical area of research, providing the impetus for…

173

Abstract

Purpose

In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemics, the demand for innovative and effective methods of bacterial inactivation has become a critical area of research, providing the impetus for this study. The purpose of this research is to analyze the AuNPs-mediated photothermal inactivation of E. coli. Gold nanoparticles irradiated by laser represent a promising technique for combating bacterial infection that combines high-tech and scientific progress. The intermediate aim of the work was to present the calibration of the model with respect to the gold nanorods experiment. The purpose of this work is to study the effect of initial concentration of E. coli bacteria, the design of the chamber and the laser power on heat transfer and inactivation of E. coli bacteria.

Design/methodology/approach

Using the CFD simulation, the work combines three main concepts. 1. The conversion of laser light to heat has been described by a combination of three distinctive approximations: a- Discrete particle integration to take into account every nanoparticle within the system, b- Rayleigh-Drude approximation to determine the scattering and extinction coefficients and c- Lambert–Beer–Bourger law to describe the decrease in laser intensity across the AuNPs. 2. The contribution of the presence of E. coli bacteria to the thermal and fluid-dynamic fields in the microdevice was modeled by single-phase approach by determining the effective thermophysical properties of the water-bacteria mixture. 3. An approach based on a temperature threshold attained at which bacteria will be inactivated, has been used to predict bacterial response to temperature increases.

Findings

The comparison of the thermal fields and temporal temperature changes obtained by the CFD simulation with those obtained experimentally confirms the accuracy of the light-heat conversion model derived from the aforementioned approximations. The results show a linear relationship between maximum temperature and variation in laser power over the range studied, which is in line with previous experimental results. It was also found that the temperature inside the microchamber can exceed 55 °C only when a laser power higher than 0.8 W is used, so bacterial inactivation begins.

Research limitations/implications

The experimental data allows to determinate the concentration of nanoparticles. This parameter is introduced into the mathematical model obtaining the same number of AuNPs. However, this assumption introduces a certain simplification, as in the mathematical model the distribution of nanoparticles is uniform.

Practical implications

This work is directly connected to the use of gold nanoparticles for energy conversion, as well as the field of bacterial inactivation in microfluidic systems such as lab-on-a-chip. Presented mathematical and numerical models can be extended to the entire spectrum of wavelengths with particular use of white light in the inactivation of bacteria.

Originality/value

This work represents a significant advancement in the field, as to the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first to employ a single-phase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach specifically combined with the thermal inactivation of bacteria. Moreover, this research pioneers the use of a numerical simulation to analyze the temperature threshold of photothermal inactivation of E. coli mediated by gold nanorods (AuNRs). The integration of these methodologies offers a new perspective on optimizing bacterial inactivation techniques, making this study a valuable contribution to both computational modeling and biomedical applications.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. 35 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0961-5539

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 10 May 2024

Ambaliga Bharathi Kavithai Ramesh and Balamurugan Sinnu

This study investigates how human resource training and development (HRTD) shapes workplace spirituality in higher education. It delves into key factors impacting spirituality…

887

Abstract

Purpose

This study investigates how human resource training and development (HRTD) shapes workplace spirituality in higher education. It delves into key factors impacting spirituality among academics, such as colleague support and e-learning initiatives. Through analytical tools like percentage analysis and Garret ranking, it divides workplace spirituality in academia, exploring the HR strategies that induce it.

Design/methodology/approach

(a) Type of research – Descriptive research (b) Area of research – The present study is taken up by the academicians as a respondent in selected colleges in Salem district. (c) Sampling technique – Simple random method was adopted. (d) Sources of data collection – The study comprises mixed data method that both types of data were adopted. (i) Primary data – Researcher conducted data by selecting a representative sample of the teaching faculties from various institutions employed in higher education in Salem. (ii) Secondary data – It is mostly gathered through content found on websites. (e) Method of data collection – Structured questionnaires were employed in this research to acquire the data needed for the investigation. Every item it is rated through five-point scale of with 1 denoting “Strongly Agree” to “Strongly Disagree,” this includes questions about the job, coworkers, seniors and training. (f) Research tools used – Descriptive statistics, Friedman test and Garret ranking.

Findings

Findings highlight the significance of encouraging colleagues, workplace development and online learning in fostering workplace spirituality. Faculty encouragement emerges as the most impactful HR practice, while development initiatives improve the reputation of training for new aspects. Notably, online training significantly affects workplace spirituality, increasing the influence of cultural training.

Research limitations/implications

Implications for future research arise, suggesting potential models for studying workplace spirituality in academia and sparking curiosity about the connection between HR practices and spirituality.

Practical implications

From a practical viewpoint, the study offers actionable insights for authorities to improve workplace spirituality by supporting colleagues and emphasizing growth strategies. It outlines clear steps for organizations to create more spiritually enriching work environments.

Social implications

Socially, the study advocates for healthier work cultures that impact society's perspective on work–life balance and employee well-being. It promotes positive work environments that benefit both individuals and society.

Originality/value

This paper's originality lies in its focus on how HRTD contributes to workplace spirituality in higher education. It emphasizes supporting colleagues, fostering growth and utilizing e-learning, offering unique insights into spirituality at work. The methodology, using structured questionnaires and statistical analysis among faculty, provides a distinct approach to studying this area.

Details

IIMT Journal of Management, vol. 1 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2976-7261

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Book part
Publication date: 28 September 2023

Technowize Reepu, Sanjay Taneja and Simon Grima

Based on the poll’s results, the financial services sector is now on the edge of a digital revolution. Financial institutions are undergoing a period of radical change due to…

Abstract

Based on the poll’s results, the financial services sector is now on the edge of a digital revolution. Financial institutions are undergoing a period of radical change due to technological advancements in the digital sphere. The widespread use of cutting-edge digital technologies in the real world has accelerated the shift from the conventional economy to the digital economy. Total operational risk as a percentage of total bank capital was 0.65%, which is below the minimum permitted figure. This metric allows for the diversification of company risks. This chapter proposes a novel, future-oriented strategy for studying financial crises, expanding the digital transformation research agenda across disciplines. Accordingly, the authors simulated the study object’s operational risk using an optimal approach to measurements (AMA) in accordance with Basel II (Santander Bank). The study’s findings enabled the authors to determine whether or not the value was necessary for Santander Bank to bear in the next years by calculating the overall value of operational risks and evaluating the indicator’s acceptability relative to the bank’s capital.

Details

Digital Transformation, Strategic Resilience, Cyber Security and Risk Management
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83797-009-4

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Book part
Publication date: 10 May 2023

Baljinder Kaur, Ramandeep Kaur and Kiran Sood

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to investigate how blockchain, a new emergent technology, has spread throughout the insurance industry by evaluating incidents reported in the…

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to investigate how blockchain, a new emergent technology, has spread throughout the insurance industry by evaluating incidents reported in the literature, either academic or trade publications. This study specifically aims to develop a comprehensive understanding of the main effects of blockchain on the insurance sector’s core operations.

Design/Methodology/Approach: Review based approach has been utilised by evaluating incidents reported in the literature, either academic or trade publications.

Findings: Blockchain is a technology attracting more and more interest from academics and business professionals. It can be seen that the technological advancements and benefits of blockchain in the insurance industry can help it expand manifold. The wise use of technology can only provide the same. If applied without thought, it can be disastrous too. With the future integration of AI and other machine learning technologies, the authors can see that clerical work in the industry can completely shift to computers and humans can use more of their time in more developmental activities and results.

Practical Implications: The sector is moving in the direction of digital transformation employing emerging technologies and is ready for disruptions and change shortly regarding processes, industry structure, rivalry, and organisational structure.

Research Limitations: Future researchers could investigate the existing technique to examine the dissemination of upcoming technologies, such as cognitive computing, blockchain, and artificial intelligence, in certain industries or organisational functions.

Details

Contemporary Studies of Risks in Emerging Technology, Part A
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80455-563-7

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Article
Publication date: 6 July 2015

Litesh N Sulbhewar and P. Raveendranath

Piezoelectric extension mode smart beams are vital part of modern control technology and their numerical analysis is an important step in the design process. Finite elements based…

180

Abstract

Purpose

Piezoelectric extension mode smart beams are vital part of modern control technology and their numerical analysis is an important step in the design process. Finite elements based on First-order Shear Deformation Theory (FSDT) are widely used for their structural analysis. The performance of the conventional FSDT-based two-noded piezoelectric beam formulations with assumed independent linear field interpolations is not impressive due to shear and material locking phenomena. The purpose of this paper is to develop an efficient locking-free FSDT piezoelectric beam element, while maintaining the same number of nodal degrees of freedom.

Design/methodology/approach

The governing equations are derived using a variational formulation to establish coupled polynomial field representation for the field variables. Shape functions based on these coupled polynomials are employed here. The proposed formulation eliminates all locking effects by accommodating strain and material couplings into the field interpolation, in a variationally consistent manner.

Findings

The present formulation shows improved convergence characteristics over the conventional formulations and proves to be the most efficient way to model extension mode piezoelectric smart beams, as demonstrated by the results obtained for numerical test problems.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no such FSDT-based finite element with coupled polynomial shape function exists in the literature, which incorporates electromechanical coupling along with bending-extension and bending-shear couplings at the field interpolation level itself. The proposed formulation proves to be the fastest converging FSDT-based extension mode smart beam formulation.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 32 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

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