Baha A. Marouf, I.K. Al‐Haddad, N.A. Tomma, J.A. Mahmood and N.F. Tawfiq
An environmental radioactivity monitoring programme has beenestablished around the Tuwaitha nuclear site, Baghdad, Iraq, to ensurethe safety of the public living around the site…
Abstract
An environmental radioactivity monitoring programme has been established around the Tuwaitha nuclear site, Baghdad, Iraq, to ensure the safety of the public living around the site and to prove that the nuclear facilities operate within the limits set by competent Iraqi Authorities and international environmental protection standards. Exposure rate measurements were carried out with portable monitors. Gamma spectrometric analysis of environmental samples (soil, vegetables, fruits, and water) was carried out to ensure that radionuclides expected to be released from the site are not concentrated in the environment. The results of the monitoring programme indicated that the average exposure rate was similar to that of the background radiation in Iraq. Furthermore, some environmental samples contained very low‐activity concentrations of Cs‐137.
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Baha A. Marouf, Thamir A. Al‐Khayat and Ali K. Mehdi
The radiological consequences on the population of a borax accidentin 1994 in the Tammuz 2 nuclear reactor have been postulated. Doseequivalents resulting from the atmospheric…
Abstract
The radiological consequences on the population of a borax accident in 1994 in the Tammuz 2 nuclear reactor have been postulated. Dose equivalents resulting from the atmospheric release of radionuclides during the accident have been estimated for distances ranging from the exclusion zone to 100km from the reactor. Gamma submersion, beta submersion doses from the plume, inhalation doses and surface exposure doses have been estimated for various exposure times. Dose equivalents estimated for the site boundary for an exposure time of 24 hours were 1.42 − 10mSv. Accordingly, it seemed that the consequences of the accident on the population living around Tuwaitha site could only take the form of stochastic radiation, such as the induction of cancers, and heredity.
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The purpose of this study is to compare the thermal performance of two flow configurations in corrugated plate heat exchanger (CPHE): vertical flow configuration (CPHEvert.) and…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to compare the thermal performance of two flow configurations in corrugated plate heat exchanger (CPHE): vertical flow configuration (CPHEvert.) and diagonal flow configuration (CPHEdiag.). The study aims to determine the differences between these configurations and evaluate their respective thermal performance based on metrics such as heat transfer rates, pressure drop values and flow distribution.
Design/methodology/approach
The study compares the thermal performance of two flow arrangements of CPHE using identical geometrical dimensions and test conditions. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is employed, and a validated numerical model is used for the investigation. The comparison is based on analyzing the rate of heat transfer and pressure drop data between the two flow arrangements.
Findings
The findings indicate that the diagonal flow configuration in CPHEs offers improved flow distribution, enhanced heat transfer performance and lower pressure drop compared to the vertical flow configuration. However, the differences in general in the thermal performance of CPHEvert. and CPHEdiag. are found to be minimal.
Originality/value
To the best of the author’s knowledge, this study represents the first attempt to investigate the impact of vertical and diagonal flow configurations on the thermal performance of the CPHE.