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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1996

R.P. Mohanty and B.P. Sethi

Compares the scientific management, human resources and socio‐technological systems approaches to management to identify the fundamental characteristics, and limitations, of each…

1361

Abstract

Compares the scientific management, human resources and socio‐technological systems approaches to management to identify the fundamental characteristics, and limitations, of each. It shows that changes in society, and corresponding expectations of workers, render each of these approaches obsolete. Attempts to show that TQM adopts the best features of each and synthesizes them into a more complete and coherent way of managing processes and people.

Details

Work Study, vol. 45 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0043-8022

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Article
Publication date: 13 November 2009

Daniel Jiménez‐Jiménez and Micaela Martínez‐Costa

The purpose of this paper is to look at human resource management (HRM) as a key element in the implementation of total quality management (TQM). This paper empirically tests the…

4691

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to look at human resource management (HRM) as a key element in the implementation of total quality management (TQM). This paper empirically tests the HRM practices that best fit this philosophy.

Design/methodology/approach

The results of an empirical study of 706 companies are analyzed using structural equation methodology. The practices that are used to construct the framework for analysing approaches to HRM are based on a literature review.

Findings

The results show that the alignment of the orientation towards quality and the approach to HRM is statistically significant for the utilization of the HRM system. The results also support the hypothesis that both TQM and HRM practices have a positive effect on performance.

Research limitations/implications

A cross‐sectional analysis is applied, so it is necessary to be cautious in conclusions regarding causality. Single informants are used as the source of information. Although the use of single informants remains the primary research design in most studies, multiple informants would enhance the validity of the research findings.

Practical implications

Practitioners must bear in mind the fundamental role of human resource management in the pursuit of long‐term total quality management. Companies should look for a set of HRM practices congruent with TQM, rather than using individual practices. A strategic perspective to HRM supports these results.

Originality/value

There is little empirical evidence to support the effect that HRM can have on TQM implementation and most papers focus only on distinct HRM practices. This paper provides an insight into the issues involved in the development of HRM practices oriented to TQM. It examines the relationships among HRM practices, TQM and organizational performance.

Details

International Journal of Operations & Production Management, vol. 29 no. 12
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-3577

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 18 August 2023

Takawira Munyaradzi Ndofirepi

This study aims to examine the degree to which a selection of home country factors affects the proclivity of firms to internationalise. The study also proposes and tests a…

1294

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to examine the degree to which a selection of home country factors affects the proclivity of firms to internationalise. The study also proposes and tests a conceptual model that fuses institutional and resource-based theories to improve our understanding of firm internationalisation.

Design/methodology/approach

The study uses cross-sectional, national-level secondary data from the 2018 Global Entrepreneurship Development Institute and World Economic Forum data sets on global entrepreneurship and competitiveness indices for 137 countries. The data is analysed using correlation and hierarchical regression analysis to test the hypotheses.

Findings

The results indicate that national income, institutions, trade openness and availability of risk capital positively influenced firm internationalisation, while home-country networking had an inverse effect. However, home country infrastructure had no statistically significant effect on firm internationalisation.

Research limitations/implications

The findings highlight the importance of considering home country attributes in understanding the internationalisation of firms.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the body of knowledge by providing empirical evidence of the role of local factors on the internationalisation of entrepreneurial ventures. It also tests a novel conceptual model that integrates institutional and resource-based theories to explain the nuances of the internationalisation of business ventures globally.

Details

Review of International Business and Strategy, vol. 34 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2059-6014

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 21 December 2022

Chaduvula Vijaya Lakshmi, Ch. Ravi Kiran, M. Gowrisankar, Shaik Babu and D. Ramachandran

The paper aims to throw light on the interactions taking place between the different chemical compositions at various temperatures. P-methylacetophenone is a polar dissolvable…

739

Abstract

Purpose

The paper aims to throw light on the interactions taking place between the different chemical compositions at various temperatures. P-methylacetophenone is a polar dissolvable, which is positively related by dipole–dipole co-operations and is exceptionally compelling a direct result of the shortfall of any critical primary impacts because of the absence of hydrogen bonds; hence, it might work an enormous dipole moment (μ = 3.62 D). Alcohols additionally assume a significant part in industries and research facilities as reagents and pull in incredible consideration as helpful solvents in the green innovation. They are utilized as pressure-driven liquids in drugs, beauty care products, aromas, paints removers, flavors, dye stuffs and as a germ-free specialist.

Design/methodology/approach

Mixtures were prepared by mass in airtight ground stopper bottles. The mass measurements were performed on a digital electronic balance (Mettler Toledo AB135, Switzerland) with an uncertainty of ±0.0001 g. The uncertainty in mole fraction was thus estimated to be less than ±0.0001. The densities of pure liquids and their mixtures were determined using a density meter (DDH-2911, Rudolph Research Analytical). The instrument was calibrated frequently using deionized doubly distilled water and dry air. The estimated uncertainty associated with density measurements is ±0.0003 g.cm−3. Viscosities of the pure liquids and their mixtures were determined by using Ostwald’s viscometer. The viscometer was calibrated at each required temperature using doubly distilled water. The viscometer was cleaned, dried and is filled with the sample liquid in a bulb having capacity of 10 ml. The viscometer was then kept in a transparent walled water bath with a thermal stability of ±0.01K for about 20 min to obtain thermal equilibrium. An electronic digital stop watch with an uncertainty of ±0.01 s was used for the flow time measurements for each sample at least four readings were taken and then the average of these was taken.

Findings

Negative values of excess molar volume, excess isentropic compressibility and positive values of deviation in viscosity including excess Gibbs energy of activation of viscous flow at different temperatures (303.15, 308.15 and 313.15 K) may be attribution to the specific intermolecular interactions through the hetero-association interaction between the components of the mixtures, resulting in the formation of associated complexes through hydrogen bond interactions.

Originality/value

The excess molar volume (VE) values were analyzed with the Prigogine–Flory–Patterson theory, which demonstrated that the free volume contribution is the one of the factors influencing negative values of excess molar quantities. The Jouyban–Acree model was used to correlate the experimental values of density, speed of sound and viscosity.

Details

Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research, vol. 41 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1985-9899

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 2016

Ifeanyi Adigwe

This study aims to analyze the productivity patterns of authors in Nigeria using publications indexed in Medline from 2008 to 2012 based on Lotka’s Law. Lotka’s Law of scientific…

615

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to analyze the productivity patterns of authors in Nigeria using publications indexed in Medline from 2008 to 2012 based on Lotka’s Law. Lotka’s Law of scientific productivity provides a platform for studying inequality in authors’ productivity patterns in a given field and over a specified period.

Design/methodology/approach

This study covers all the journal articles on HIV/AIDS pandemic in Nigeria over a period of five years (2008-2012) in Medline, of which 512 articles were reported to have been published during this period. In this paper, 306 articles that had HIV/AIDS in the title, published in 20 journals, and articles that had HIV/AIDS as author keywords were analyzed. Because no local database that indexed biomedical literature from Nigeria was available, Medline was used, which is not only a robust and flexible database that includes articles from Nigeria but is also the largest medical database that indexes over six-and-a-half million articles from 3,400 biomedical journals.

Findings

While HIV/AIDS can be considered a global pandemic, Nigeria has the second highest number of new infections reported each year, and an estimated 3.7 per cent of the population is living with the dreaded disease. This study presents a general picture of the distribution of papers as single-author papers, multiple-author papers and the measures of co-authorship. The findings of the study reveal that in the productivity distribution for authors on the subject of HIV/AIDS, only co-authors and non-collaborative authors’ categories fit in the Lotka’s Law, whereas all-authors and first-author categories differ from the distribution of Lotka’s inverse square law.

Research limitations/implications

The empirical evidence used in this paper was based on only articles of HIV/AIDS pandemic in Nigeria that had HIV/AIDS the title. Therefore, the findings of this study might not be the generalized to other biomedical research studies.

Originality/value

The originality of this paper lies in the fact that the productivity pattern of each of the different author categories on the subject of HIV/AIDS is a first of its kind in the Nigerian context.

Details

The Electronic Library, vol. 34 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-0473

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Article
Publication date: 10 June 2019

Asita Kumar Rath, Dayal R. Parhi, Harish Chandra Das, Priyadarshi Biplab Kumar, Manoj Kumar Muni and Kitty Salony

Humanoids have become the center of attraction for many researchers dealing with robotics investigations by their ability to replace human efforts in critical interventions. As a…

823

Abstract

Purpose

Humanoids have become the center of attraction for many researchers dealing with robotics investigations by their ability to replace human efforts in critical interventions. As a result, navigation and path planning has emerged as one of the most promising area of research for humanoid models. In this paper, a fuzzy logic controller hybridized with genetic algorithm (GA) has been proposed for path planning of a humanoid robot to avoid obstacles present in a cluttered environment and reach the target location successfully. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

Here, sensor outputs for nearest obstacle distances and bearing angle of the humanoid are first fed as inputs to the fuzzy logic controller, and first turning angle (TA) is obtained as an intermediate output. In the second step, the first TA derived from the fuzzy logic controller is again supplied to the GA controller along with other inputs and second TA is obtained as the final output. The developed hybrid controller has been tested in a V-REP simulation platform, and the simulation results are verified in an experimental setup.

Findings

By implementation of the proposed hybrid controller, the humanoid has reached its defined target position successfully by avoiding the obstacles present in the arena both in simulation and experimental platforms. The results obtained from simulation and experimental platforms are compared in terms of path length and time taken with each other, and close agreements have been observed with minimal percentage of errors.

Originality/value

Humanoids are considered more efficient than their wheeled robotic forms by their ability to mimic human behavior. The current research deals with the development of a novel hybrid controller considering fuzzy logic and GA for navigational analysis of a humanoid robot. The developed control scheme has been tested in both simulation and real-time environments and proper agreements have been found between the results obtained from them. The proposed approach can also be applied to other humanoid forms and the technique can serve as a pioneer art in humanoid navigation.

Details

International Journal of Intelligent Unmanned Systems, vol. 7 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2049-6427

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Book part
Publication date: 17 December 2003

Ans Kolk and David Levy

This chapter analyzes the strategic responses by U.S. and European multinational enterprises (MNEs) in the oil and automobile industries to the global climate change issue. We…

Abstract

This chapter analyzes the strategic responses by U.S. and European multinational enterprises (MNEs) in the oil and automobile industries to the global climate change issue. We examine and attempt to explain the differences across regions, across industries, and the changes over time. Traditional economic drivers of strategy do not provide a satisfactory account for these differences, and the chapter focuses instead on the conflicting institutional pressures on MNEs and the implications for their climate strategy. The home-country institutional context and individual corporate histories can create divergent pressures on strategy for MNEs based in different countries. At the same time, the location of MNEs in global industries and their participation in “global issues arenas” such as climate change generate institutional forces for strategic convergence. It appears that local context influenced initial corporate reactions, but that convergent pressures predominate as the issue matures.

Details

Multinationals, Environment and Global Competition
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-84950-179-8

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Book part
Publication date: 17 December 2003

Ans Kolk and Rob van Tulder

This chapter examines the green face of the world’s one hundred largest firms from developed economies by linking degrees of internationalization to (pro)activity on environmental…

Abstract

This chapter examines the green face of the world’s one hundred largest firms from developed economies by linking degrees of internationalization to (pro)activity on environmental reporting. A bargaining approach, emphasizing intrinsic and extrinsic motivations, is applied to understand why the most international firms show the greenest face. Bargaining relations within the home country appear to be most important. Country characteristics explored include size, openness and the nature of business-society relationships.

Details

Multinationals, Environment and Global Competition
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-84950-179-8

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Article
Publication date: 4 October 2011

Sally Sledge

The purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis of factors that impact global competitiveness for firms in the Fortune Global 500.

1043

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis of factors that impact global competitiveness for firms in the Fortune Global 500.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper uses regression analysis to investigate the relationship between relevant competitiveness factors and firm performance for Fortune Global 500 firms, using the time period 1995‐2009.

Findings

The composition of firms on the list has changed over the timeframe. The results indicate that headquarters location and globalization are key indicators of firm performance. Other factors such as chief executive officer tenure have a lesser impact on firm performance.

Research limitations/implications

The timeframe of the study may have impacted the findings. The study included only large firms and thus the findings may not hold for smaller or medium‐sized firms. Additional follow‐up studies are planned.

Practical implications

Managers can identify factors associated with global competitiveness from the paper and pursue those factors in their business strategies.

Originality/value

This study replicates other studies that analyze the relationship between firm situational factors and firm performance. However, this study uses a unique sample, the Fortune Global 500, over a 15‐year period.

Details

Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal, vol. 21 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1059-5422

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Article
Publication date: 31 May 2019

Maria Gabriela Montanari, Janaina de Moura Engracia Giraldi and Simone Vasconcelos Ribeiro Galina

The purpose of this paper is to explain a possible relationship between the country brand and internationalization topics, searching in the literature the possible connections…

1525

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explain a possible relationship between the country brand and internationalization topics, searching in the literature the possible connections between them.

Design/methodology/approach

An integrative literature review of the past 15 years of research (2003–2017) was acquired using the well-known databases Web of Science and Scopus.

Findings

Studies linking country brand and internationalization are new, often quantitative, descriptive and focused on emerging markets. In terms of content, it was shown first that a country brand, when well-managed, is not only essential to attract foreign direct investment into the country, but it can also help the outflows of investments. Referring specifically to outflows of foreign investment, internationalization affects the country brand, generating positive attitudes toward the brand in international markets. However, it is also affected by the country brand because the country image influences the entry modes of business and the country of origin affects the performance of multinationals abroad.

Research limitations/implications

With the strengths and deficiencies of a body of literature exposed in this paper, a better understanding of the topic through synthesis can be provided.

Practical implications

Findings show that internationalization can influence country brand and country image. The internationalization process might positively affect the attitude toward a place brand. In terms of country image, when a company rebranding is entering international markets, it can integrate the brand of its products with the country brand and its image, generating positive effects in relation to brand in the new market. However, this relationship is not clear and should be explored by new studies.

Originality/value

This paper contributes both to the literature through an overview of the relationship between the two topics and a research agenda for future studies; and to governments and companies by providing information that enables them to become more competitive in the international market.

Details

Benchmarking: An International Journal, vol. 27 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1463-5771

Keywords

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