Alexander Klemin and B.P. Ruffner
SINCE 1929, a number of tests have been made at New York University on a new type of rotating aerofoil system, invented by Walter Kreiser and Walter Rieseler, and developed by E…
Abstract
SINCE 1929, a number of tests have been made at New York University on a new type of rotating aerofoil system, invented by Walter Kreiser and Walter Rieseler, and developed by E. Burke Wilford, of the Pennsylvania Aircraft Syndicate.
David S. Waller and Michael J. Polonsky
Implicit in the traditional model of communication is the assumption that an individual or organization sends a single message to one receiver, or class of receivers. However, in…
Abstract
Implicit in the traditional model of communication is the assumption that an individual or organization sends a single message to one receiver, or class of receivers. However, in practice there are often multiple senders, targeted receivers and even messages. This paper proposes expanding the traditional model of communication to include these additional facets and thus make the model more representative of business communication.
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Peter Hobson, Lesley Leeds and Jolyon Meara
The methods of coping and their relationship to disease severity, cognitive function, depression and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) were examined in 79 Parkinson's disease…
Abstract
The methods of coping and their relationship to disease severity, cognitive function, depression and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) were examined in 79 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and their carers. The coping methods of the PD patients were not associated with disease severity, cognitive function, or depression. In general the majority of correlations were weak. However, patients who used avoidance and cognitive coping methods reported improved HRQoL. Impaired cognitive function, poorer HRQoL and increased disease severity were associated with depression in patients. In carers, avoidance coping was associated with depression and cognitive impairment in the patient being cared for. These findings demonstrate the complex relationship in PD between impairment, quality of life, depression, cognitive function and the coping styles adopted by patients and carers. The study also highlights the difficulties in measuring these interactions with quantitative outcome measures.
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1. Jones, J. Owen and Elizabeth A. Jones. Index of Human Ecology. London, Europa Publications Limited, 1974. 169p. $16.00. Here, at least as far as this reviewer is aware, is a…
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1. Jones, J. Owen and Elizabeth A. Jones. Index of Human Ecology. London, Europa Publications Limited, 1974. 169p. $16.00. Here, at least as far as this reviewer is aware, is a unique approach in print to one of the broad interdisciplinary areas that is bringing so many interesting, and now and then frustrating, questions to our reference desks. Human ecology is tentatively defined by the authors as “the study of the interrelation of man and his environment,” but since humans have created each element in the record of human knowledge, there must be little if anything in that record that is not included within the scope of this definition. Yet most people would agree to the exclusion of some subjects‐astronomy, for example. The authors do not provide a concise, precise definition of their subject; hence each of us is left with his own somewhat vague notion of what the subject is, and each of us will probably disagree to some extent with what has been included, and what has not. Instead of defining their subject, the authors polled the members of the Commonwealth Human Ecology Council, and produced a list of subjects that overlap with human ecology. Their objective, which is highly commendable from the point of view of the reference librarian and his patrons, is to produce a subject index to the abstracting journals which cover these subjects.
Communications regarding this column should be addressed to Mrs. Cheney, Peabody Library School, Nashville, Tenn. 37203. Mrs. Cheney does not sell the books listed here. They are…
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Communications regarding this column should be addressed to Mrs. Cheney, Peabody Library School, Nashville, Tenn. 37203. Mrs. Cheney does not sell the books listed here. They are available through normal trade sources. Mrs. Cheney, being a member of the editorial board of Pierian Press, will not review Pierian Press reference books in this column. Descriptions of Pierian Press reference books will be included elsewhere in this publication.
IN our report of the tenth annual meeting of the Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences we shall not follow precisely the order in which the sessions occurred nor at all times…
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IN our report of the tenth annual meeting of the Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences we shall not follow precisely the order in which the sessions occurred nor at all times classify the papers in exactly the manner of the meeting. Unfortunately, certain of the papers presented will not be found in our review owing to lack of preprints, but this in no way reflects on the value or timeliness of the papers omitted in the review.
Deborah L. Morowski and Theresa M. McCormick
This study analyzed the experiences of elementary teachers who engaged in archival research with primary sources, then used their new knowledge and materials to create elementary…
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This study analyzed the experiences of elementary teachers who engaged in archival research with primary sources, then used their new knowledge and materials to create elementary curriculum. The teachers located and identified primary source material then determined its reliability. They placed the source and its author in the correct historical context and evaluated perspectives and biases. By engaging in this process, teachers developed a greater understanding of primary sources, a key component of historical thinking, advancing their subject content and pedagogical knowledge. The teachers developed lessons centered on primary sources rather than using them in a more superficial manner. They came to view primary sources as tools to: develop historical empathy, advance the teaching of multiple perspectives, and construct meaning. Further, they developed meaningful lessons that not only motivate their students, but also enhance their students’ higher order thinking skills and ability to conduct historical research.
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Winter meetings will be held at 5.30 for 6 p.m. on Tuesday 23rd January and Wednesday 21st February at Aslib. On 23rd January Mr Clifford Hatts, a Senior Designer in the BBC…
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Winter meetings will be held at 5.30 for 6 p.m. on Tuesday 23rd January and Wednesday 21st February at Aslib. On 23rd January Mr Clifford Hatts, a Senior Designer in the BBC Television Design Department, will speak about his work, with special reference to transmission of information by visual means. On 21st February Mr C. W. Hanson, Head of Research Department, Aslib, will report on work in progress in information and library research, other than that being carried out by Aslib.
Some of the conventions regarding relearning of complex tasks (requiring both psychomotor and procedural skills) are well known, especially as relating to retention curves. Still…
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Some of the conventions regarding relearning of complex tasks (requiring both psychomotor and procedural skills) are well known, especially as relating to retention curves. Still lacking, however, is information which better clarifies the relationship between relearning and skill retention. The purpose of this study was to examine this relationship while identifying the parameter affecting the duration between training intervals, in order to maintain a high level of performance. Two additional aspects were examined in this study: actual differences in the measure of decrease in the operator’s level for various task dimensions and the implication for integrating a simulator in the refresher training program. This study conducted a controlled field experiment in a military electronic warfare unit, examining refresher training of reserve soldiers operating a complex electronic system. Examination of the study’s hypotheses and analysis of the experiment’s results indicated a cyclical behavioral model of the retention curve and the relearning aspects involved (training intervals, “warming up” phenomenon, model boundaries etc.). This result necessitates the inclusion of the retention curve within the framework of the instruction task analysis (especially with training programs which include refresher training). It should be noted that the study’s conclusions are valid not merely for military tasks, but are also valid for implementation in complex civilian tasks.
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The early decades of the twentieth century witnessed a significant transformation in managerial control practices within the US department store. New principles of scientific…
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The early decades of the twentieth century witnessed a significant transformation in managerial control practices within the US department store. New principles of scientific management, already employed on the factory floor, were now implemented on the retail “shop floor”. The purpose of this paper is to provide insights into this transition by examining three such scientific management initiatives introduced by store management during this era. The paper draws on a number of sources in its historical examination of early department store scientific management initiatives. These include archival records, published literature of the era, and particularly the proceedings of meetings of the annual Controllers Congress of the National Retail Dry Goods Association (US). The paper finds how notions of the rationality of science reined over such store operations as inventory valuation, credit control and overhead expense allocation. Traditional positions of power were recast and new managerial roles created in the name of science. The paper illustrates the insights that can be gained from an examination of scientific management practices in an alternative arena to the factory floor. Further historical research in the area of retail management may prove productive not only for our understanding of this site but also our knowledge of the process by which new managerial initiatives become assimilated. The study of the managerial practices of such vast organizational forms proves fruitful not only for the history scholar. Given the centrality of the department store in the creation of a contemporary culture of consumption, such examination becomes all the more insightful.