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Publication date: 3 May 2023

Ben Spencer, Tim Jones, Juliet Carpenter and Sue Brownill

This chapter explores the potential for involving the public in planning healthy urban mobility using a case study of two neighbourhoods in Oxford, UK. We draw specifically on…

Abstract

This chapter explores the potential for involving the public in planning healthy urban mobility using a case study of two neighbourhoods in Oxford, UK. We draw specifically on lessons learned from the UK case of a large-scale international study entitled Healthy Urban Mobility (HUM). The HUM project was based on the need to address health inequalities within urban areas by implementing new approaches to planning and health that use novel research methods to encourage active dialogue with a wide range of stakeholders. The two principal objectives of the research were firstly, to understand the impact of everyday (im)mobility on health and wellbeing within different social groups, and secondly, to explore the potential for participatory mobilities planning with local communities to support and develop solutions for healthy urban mobility.

The chapter is organised into six parts. Following the introduction, we highlight the theories behind the need for public participation in urban mobility planning and calls for active dialogue and mutual learning between practitioners and communities for effective action on improving urban health. Then in the third and fourth parts, we provide an overview of the approach to participatory mobilities planning with local communities in the UK as part of the HUM project. In the fifth part, we report the outcomes of the project and critically reflect on the overall approach and lessons learned that may be of use to practitioners and communities. Finally, we conclude with the significance of the study and implications for public participation in planning healthy urban mobility. The research demonstrates the significant potential of participatory methods in transport infrastructure project but also highlights the complexities of public engagement and points to the need for a continual, long-term process to build trust between partners.

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Public Participation in Transport in Times of Change
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80455-037-3

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Article
Publication date: 11 March 2009

Leslie Monplaisir, Christopher Malikane and Kalu Ojah

We study the performance attributes of an international production form that is designed for success in an increasingly global marketplace‐global product design and development…

391

Abstract

We study the performance attributes of an international production form that is designed for success in an increasingly global marketplace‐global product design and development. We find that firms elicit higher returns from their global product development when they compete in strategic complements than when they compete in strategic substitutes. These firms are most likely to compete in strategic complements if they have higher free cash flows, but are most likely to compete in strategic substitutes if they are more dominant in their industry. Importantly, global product development reduces cost largely via variable cost reduction. Moreover, we find that global product development contributes to the firm’s growth potential when pursued in conjunction with high multinationalism, aggressive competitive strategy, and high cost saving.

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Multinational Business Review, vol. 17 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1525-383X

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Book part
Publication date: 26 September 2022

Richard D. Simmons and Nigel Culkin

Free Access. Free Access

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Covid, Brexit and The Anglosphere
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80382-690-5

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Book part
Publication date: 18 September 2023

Mohamed Ismail Sabry

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The Growth Paths of State-Society Relations
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80262-246-1

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Article
Publication date: 8 August 2016

Shoou-Rong Tsai, Pan-Long Tsai and Yungho Weng

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the optimal policy settings of the home government for any combination of strategic variables adopted by home and foreign firms under…

397

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the optimal policy settings of the home government for any combination of strategic variables adopted by home and foreign firms under Brander and Spencer’s third-market model framework.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper follows all the assumptions of Brander and Spencer with only two modifications: firms produce differentiated products, and firms choose different strategic variables. A two-stage game is set and the subgame-perfect Nash equilibrium is deduced following backward induction.

Findings

The authors arrive at a general, simple rule to determine the optimal policy of the home government for any combination of strategic variables: regardless of the strategic variable of the domestic firm, the optimal policy of the home country is an export subsidy (tax) as long as the foreign firm’s strategic variable is output (price). The optimal subsidy or tax of the home country is shown to move the equilibrium to the Stackelberg equilibrium where the domestic firm behaves as the leader while the foreign firm behaves as a follower under free trade. With appropriate interpretations and a suitable caveat, the above results still hold in the case with multiple foreign firms which may choose different strategic variables.

Originality/value

This paper fills the gap in the literature, and provides some more general results not easily detected in the original model of Brander and Spencer or Eaton and Grossman.

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Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 43 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-3585

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Book part
Publication date: 3 June 2021

Madhabendra Sinha, Abhijit Dutta and Partha Mukhopadhyay

During the post-globalization period, tariff imposition on manufacturing trade has a possible effect on the economy of developed and developing nations. Along with the volume and…

Abstract

During the post-globalization period, tariff imposition on manufacturing trade has a possible effect on the economy of developed and developing nations. Along with the volume and balance of trade, the study accounts for both export and import separately in order to observe their dynamisms under the tariff regime and makes comparisons between developing and developed countries. Using the World Development Indicators and World Integrated Trade Solution databases of World Bank (2020) on China (developing nation) and the United States (developed nation) over the period of 1970–2019, the co-integration tests and thereafter vector error correction models indicate that the relationship between tariff and manufacturing trade is positive and statistically significant.

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Productivity Growth in the Manufacturing Sector
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80071-094-8

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Book part
Publication date: 5 December 2017

Gerard P. Hodgkinson, Kristian J. Sund and Robert J. Galavan

This book comprises the second volume in the recently launched New Horizons in Managerial and Organizational Cognition book series. Volume 1 (Sund, Galavan, & Huff, 2016)…

Abstract

This book comprises the second volume in the recently launched New Horizons in Managerial and Organizational Cognition book series. Volume 1 (Sund, Galavan, & Huff, 2016), addressed the topic of strategic uncertainty. This second volume comprises a collection of contributions that variously report new methodological developments in managerial and organizational cognition, reflect critically on those developments, and consider the challenges that have yet to be confronted in order to further advance this exciting and dynamic interdisciplinary field. Contextualizing within an overarching framework the various contributions selected for inclusion in the present volume, in this opening chapter we reflect more broadly on what we consider the most significant developments that have occurred over recent years and the most significant challenges that lie ahead.

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Methodological Challenges and Advances in Managerial and Organizational Cognition
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78743-677-0

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 2002

Barrie O. Pettman and Richard Dobbins

This issue is a selected bibliography covering the subject of leadership.

29793

Abstract

This issue is a selected bibliography covering the subject of leadership.

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Equal Opportunities International, vol. 21 no. 4/5/6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0261-0159

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Article
Publication date: 1 July 2006

Aparna Gupta and Chaipal Lawsirirat

This article aims to analyze strategically optimal maintenance actions for a multi‐component system whose deterioration is observed through a monitoring system set in place to…

1210

Abstract

Purpose

This article aims to analyze strategically optimal maintenance actions for a multi‐component system whose deterioration is observed through a monitoring system set in place to support condition‐based maintenance.

Design/methodology/approach

Deterioration of a multi‐component system is modeled by a continuous‐time jump diffusion model which incorporates interaction between the components of the system. A simulation‐based optimization heuristic is developed to obtain strategically optimum maintenance actions. The methodology is applied to an illustrative example.

Findings

The article finds that the framework facilitates analyzing at a strategic level the role of degree of response to the deterioration of components for the overall functionality of a multi‐component system. The optimal solution for the illustrative example recommends a provider to perform a variety of opportunistic maintenance.

Practical implications

In this article, a framework is developed to determine strategically optimal maintenance actions for a multi‐component system whose deterioration is observed in real‐time through embedded monitoring units set in place to support condition‐based maintenance (CBM). The framework facilitates analyzing at a strategic level the role of degree of response to the deterioration of components for the overall functionality of a multi‐component system. A strategically optimal maintenance policy can then be enhanced to develop a detailed tactical maintenance strategy. This approach is expected to benefit the management of long‐term service agreements, where a service contract is sold bundled with a product, which makes a provider responsible for maintaining the product over a specified contract period.

Originality/value

Besides a tactical approach for performing maintenance, in order to stay profitable in the long‐run, a decision maker needs to assess the strategic performance of maintenance strategies adopted. This framework is a first attempt to facilitate this analysis at a strategic level for a monitoring‐enabled multi‐component system.

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Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering, vol. 12 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2511

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Article
Publication date: 1 May 1987

David Greenaway and Chris Milner

The distinction between nominal and effective tariffs (or protection) is well established in the theoretical literature, albeit in the context of the traditional analysis of…

856

Abstract

The distinction between nominal and effective tariffs (or protection) is well established in the theoretical literature, albeit in the context of the traditional analysis of inter‐industry trade flows. This analysis is based upon assumptions such as product and production homogeneity, non‐increasing returns, armslength trade, and small open economy country conditions. Relaxation of some or all of these assumptions has direct implications for effective protection analysis under any type of trade flows. As is now widely recognised, however, relaxation of these assumptions is also likely to be associated with intra‐industry specialisation and exchange. It is to this wider issue of effective protection analysis in the context of “within‐industry” specialisation (vertical and/or horizontal) and of two‐way trade, that this paper is addressed.

Details

Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 14 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-3585

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