M. Khalis and R. Masrour
The purpose of this study is to investigate the behavior of a silicon solar cell when subjected to a magnetic field. Specifically, the study aims to understand how the presence of…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the behavior of a silicon solar cell when subjected to a magnetic field. Specifically, the study aims to understand how the presence of the magnetic field influences the distribution of excess minority carriers within the base region of the solar cell. By solving the one-dimensional continuity equation under these conditions, the study seeks to elucidate the transient dynamics of carrier generation, recombination and transport processes. This research contributes to the broader understanding of how external magnetic fields can impact the performance and efficiency of silicon solar cells, potentially informing future optimizations or applications in photovoltaic technology.
Design/methodology/approach
The solar cell is assumed to be uniformly illuminated, which simplifies the analysis of carrier generation to a function of depth (x). The emitter and space charge region contributions are considered while neglecting the diffusion region. The injection level remains constant throughout the analysis, focusing specifically on the base thickness region, H = 200 µm.
Findings
The findings of this study reveal significant insights into the behavior of a silicon solar cell under the influence of a magnetic field. Key findings include Impact on carrier distribution: the magnetic field affects the distribution of excess minority carriers within the base region of the solar cell. This distribution is crucial for understanding the efficiency of carrier collection and overall cell performance. Transient dynamics: the transient behavior of carrier generation, recombination and transport processes in the base region is influenced by the magnetic field. This understanding helps in predicting the response time and effectiveness of the solar cell under varying magnetic field strengths. Optimization potential: insights gained from this study suggest potential strategies for optimizing the design and operation of silicon solar cells to enhance their performance in environments where magnetic fields are present. Theoretical framework: the study provides a theoretical framework based on the one-dimensional continuity equation, offering a systematic approach to analyzing and predicting the behavior of solar cells under magnetic field conditions. These findings contribute to advancing the understanding of how external factors such as magnetic fields can impact the operation and efficiency of silicon solar cells, thereby guiding future research and development efforts in photovoltaic technology.
Originality/value
The originality and value of this study lie in its contribution to advancing the understanding of how magnetic fields influence silicon solar cell performance, providing both theoretical insights and potential practical applications in diverse technological contexts.
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Ritesh Kumar, Himanshu Pathak, Akhilendra Singh and Mayank Tiwari
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the repair of a straight and angular crack in the structure using a piezoelectric material under thermo-mechanical loading by the extended…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the repair of a straight and angular crack in the structure using a piezoelectric material under thermo-mechanical loading by the extended finite element method (XFEM) approach. This provides a general and simple solution for the modeling of crack in the structure to analyze the repair.
Design/methodology/approach
The extended finite element method is used to model crack geometry. The crack surface is modeled by Heaviside enrichment function while the crack front is modeled by branch enrichment functions.
Findings
The effectiveness of the repair is measured in terms of stress intensity factor and J-integral. The critical voltage at which patch repair is most effective is evaluated and presented. Optimal patch shape, location of patch, adhesive thickness and adhesive modulus are obtained for effective repair under thermo-mechanical loading environment.
Originality/value
The presented numerical modeling and simulation by the XFEM approach are of great benefit to analyze crack repair in two-dimensional and three-dimensional structures using piezoelectric patch material under thermo-mechanical loading.
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While qualitative work has a long tradition in the strategy field and has recently regained popularity, we have not paused to take stock of how such work offers contributions. We…
Abstract
While qualitative work has a long tradition in the strategy field and has recently regained popularity, we have not paused to take stock of how such work offers contributions. We address this oversight with a review of qualitative studies of strategy published in five top-tier journals over an extended period of 15 years (2003–2017). In an attempt to organize the field, we develop an empirically grounded organizing framework. We identify 12 designs that are evident in the literature, or “designs-in-use” as we call them. Acknowledging important similarities and differences between the various approaches to qualitative strategy research (QSR), we group these designs into three “families” based on their philosophical orientation. We use these designs and families to identify trends in QSR. We then engage those trends to orient the future development of qualitative methods in the strategy field.
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Allison S. Gabriel, David F. Arena, Charles Calderwood, Joanna Tochman Campbell, Nitya Chawla, Emily S. Corwin, Maira E. Ezerins, Kristen P. Jones, Anthony C. Klotz, Jeffrey D. Larson, Angelica Leigh, Rebecca L. MacGowan, Christina M. Moran, Devalina Nag, Kristie M. Rogers, Christopher C. Rosen, Katina B. Sawyer, Kristen M. Shockley, Lauren S. Simon and Kate P. Zipay
Organizational researchers studying well-being – as well as organizations themselves – often place much of the burden on employees to manage and preserve their own well-being…
Abstract
Organizational researchers studying well-being – as well as organizations themselves – often place much of the burden on employees to manage and preserve their own well-being. Missing from this discussion is how – from a human resources management (HRM) perspective – organizations and managers can directly and positively shape the well-being of their employees. The authors use this review to paint a picture of what organizations could be like if they valued people holistically and embraced the full experience of employees’ lives to promote well-being at work. In so doing, the authors tackle five challenges that managers may have to help their employees navigate, but to date have received more limited empirical and theoretical attention from an HRM perspective: (1) recovery at work; (2) women’s health; (3) concealable stigmas; (4) caregiving; and (5) coping with socio-environmental jolts. In each section, the authors highlight how past research has treated managerial or organizational support on these topics, and pave the way for where research needs to advance from an HRM perspective. The authors conclude with ideas for tackling these issues methodologically and analytically, highlighting ways to recruit and support more vulnerable samples that are encapsulated within these topics, as well as analytic approaches to study employee experiences more holistically. In sum, this review represents a call for organizations to now – more than ever – build thriving organizations.
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Samantha L. Jordan, Andreas Wihler, Wayne A. Hochwarter and Gerald R. Ferris
Introduced into the literature a decade ago, grit originally defined as perseverance and passion for long-term goals has stimulated considerable research on positive effects…
Abstract
Introduced into the literature a decade ago, grit originally defined as perseverance and passion for long-term goals has stimulated considerable research on positive effects primarily in the academic and military contexts, as well as attracted widespread media attention. Despite recent criticism regarding grit’s construct and criterion-related validity, research on grit has begun to spill over into the work context as well. In this chapter, the authors provide an overview of the initial theoretical foundations of grit as a motivational driver, and present newer conceptualizations on the mechanisms of grit’s positive effects rooted in goal-setting theory. Furthermore, the authors also draw attention to existing shortcomings of the current definition and measurement of grit, and their implications for its scientific and practical application. After establishing a theoretical understanding, the authors discuss the potential utility of grit for human resource management, related to staffing and recruitment, development and training, and performance management systems as well as performance evaluations. The authors conclude this chapter with a discussion of necessary and potential future research, and consider the practical implications of grit in its current state.
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In discussing what a firm’s competence is all about and how that is developed over time, the focus has been on how a firm develops its “core” or “distinctive” competence all by…
Abstract
In discussing what a firm’s competence is all about and how that is developed over time, the focus has been on how a firm develops its “core” or “distinctive” competence all by itself. The imbeddedness of a firm in networks of exchange relationships and how that impinges on the development and nurture of a firm’s competence has attracted very scant study. The purpose of this study is to deepen our understanding of the extent to which a firm’s networks of exchange relationships influence its competence development. Two empirical case studies have been conducted in that regard. One important conclusion is that a firm’s network(s) of exchange relationships is an asset that can be exploited to develop its competence. An important implication of the study is that it takes a long time and many resources to build exchange relationships that last in our integrated markets. Many resources and skills will be needed to handle relationships, once established.
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The purpose of this paper is to establish the relevant quantitative methods for the investigation of the eddy and meridian fields of the general systemic yoyo model.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to establish the relevant quantitative methods for the investigation of the eddy and meridian fields of the general systemic yoyo model.
Design/methodology/approach
On the basis of established systemic yoyo models for electrons and positrons, flows of negative yoyo charges are naturally identified with electric currents so that use of the well‐developed quantitative methods can be made in electromagnetic theory to investigate the relationship between eddy and meridian fields of the general systemic yoyo model.
Findings
A general method is established on how to compute the intensity of the magnetic yoyo fields accompanying a moving yoyo charge or a canal of yoyo flow. A quantitative representation for magnetic yoyo fields is provided. And, the well‐known Ampere's law of electricity is generalized to the case of general yoyo flows.
Originality/value
By establishing an adequate quantitative method for the general systemic yoyo model, it should be possible to know more about the yoyo model and gain additional potential to successfully employ this model in various areas of learning, as proposed by Lin.
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D. Cepīte, A. Jakovičs, B. Halbedel and U. Krieger
To develop the mathematical model, which allows predicting the temperature and flow distribution of an opaque glass melt with the temperature‐dependent properties in case it is…
Abstract
Purpose
To develop the mathematical model, which allows predicting the temperature and flow distribution of an opaque glass melt with the temperature‐dependent properties in case it is generated by electromagnetic and thermal convection. Analysis has been done for geometry of the model crucible with the immersed rod electrodes. Numerical analysis is used as a tool for finding out the parameters of the system, which allow getting desiderated homogeneity of temperature field by EM action.
Design/methodology/approach
ANSYS CFX software is implemented for coupling of EM, thermal and HD processes in the modelled system. Usability of non‐inductive approximation is shown using a full harmonic analysis in ANSYS.
Findings
External magnetic field can impact the temperature distribution in the whole volume of the melt significantly, it relocates the hottest zones and changes the maximal temperature in the melt. Qualitative agreement between the numerical and experimental results has been obtained. Dependence of the potential difference between the electrodes on the velocity and temperature range has been examined. Impact of different thermal boundary conditions has been analysed.
Research limitations/implications
Effects analysed in the publication occur in each conducting media subjected to the impact of simultaneous electrical and magnetical field. The main limitation is non‐transparency of the melt.
Practical implications
The purpose is to develop a mathematical tool for parameter optimisation of real glass melting furnace.
Originality/value
In the present model temperature dependent properties of the melt have been taken into account, which has been neglected in previous models.
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Gérard Meunier, Christophe Guérin, Vincent Charmoille and Patrice Labie
The purpose of this paper is to propose a general approach for the frequency‐domain homogenization of electromagnetic periodic structures. The method allows calculating…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a general approach for the frequency‐domain homogenization of electromagnetic periodic structures. The method allows calculating macroscopic equivalent properties including local effects. It is based on the equivalence of active and reactive electromagnetic powers on an elementary cell. This work is applied to the modelling of eddy current losses in windings, by the use of the finite element method in 2D and 3D.
Design/methodology/approach
The approach is based on an homogenization technique, allowing describing local properties (permeability and conductivity) and local effects (eddy currents) of periodical structures, through macroscopic homogenized behaviour laws.
Findings
It was found that the presence of local loops of eddy currents at the local scale implies that the average values of the electric and magnetic field are different from the macroscopic fields. This implies some precautions to implement the homogenization. Furthermore, the question of the coupling of the macroscopic laws has been clarified.
Research limitations/implications
The proposed method is limited to the frequency domain. Some additional work is necessary to extend the researches in the time domain.
Practical implications
The proposed methodology is applied for determining losses in coils with the finite element method. The major interest of the method is that it allows taking into account local effects (losses in particular), with a reduced computational time.
Originality/value
The method proposed in this paper is general and clarifies the principle of homogenization in the case of periodical structure in presence of local eddy currents (local loops of current).