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Article
Publication date: 26 August 2014

Xiuchen Wang, Zhe Liu, Zhong Zhou, Qing He and Haoxian Zeng

The purpose of this paper is to propose a new indicator-gray porosity that can objectively evaluate real porosities of electromagnetic shielding (EMS) fabric based on computer…

153

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to propose a new indicator-gray porosity that can objectively evaluate real porosities of electromagnetic shielding (EMS) fabric based on computer image analysis, which aims to address current porosity evaluation by tightness.

Design/methodology/approach

A method for the fabric image acquisition is determined and a gray digital model is established. The porosity membership region of true porosity is judged according to the total gray wave. A bi-directional judgment method based on horizontal and vertical single gray waves is proposed to automatically identify the gray porosity in the porosity membership region. After experiments, the differences between the gray porosity indicator and the tightness indicator are analyzed, the influence of the gray porosity on the shielding effectiveness (SE) is discussed, and the advantages of the gray porosity indicator are detailed.

Findings

Results show that the proposed indicator can accurately represent the real porosity size of the EMS fabric without pre-acquiring the structure parameters of the fabric, which provides a reference for the study of the electromagnetic characteristic of the EMS fabric.

Originality/value

The gray porosity presented in this paper is a new method to objectively evaluate real porosities of the EMS fabric, and can be applied to the research and evaluation of the electromagnetic characteristic for the EMS fabric.

Details

International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, vol. 26 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0955-6222

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Article
Publication date: 3 July 2020

Mikhail A. Sheremet, Teodor Grosan and Ioan Pop

The purpose of this paper is to study numerically the steady thermal convection in a chamber filled with a nanoliquid affected by a chemical reaction using the single-phase…

103

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study numerically the steady thermal convection in a chamber filled with a nanoliquid affected by a chemical reaction using the single-phase nanofluid approximation.

Design/methodology/approach

Water was considered as a host fluid while nanoparticles are aluminum oxide. Homogeneous reactions are analyzed. The nonlinear partial differential equations describing the considered problem are simulated using the finite difference technique.

Findings

The results of streamlines, isotherms, isoconcentrations, nanofluid flow rate, mean Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are discussed. The data demonstrate that the mean Sherwood number increases with the homogeneous reaction rate. Further, nanofluid flow rate can be increased with nanoparticles concentration for high Rayleigh numbers owing to the homogeneous chemical reaction inside the cavity.

Originality/value

Searching the existent references illustrates that the homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions influence on the nanoliquid motion and energy transport within enclosures has not been investigated before. The results of this paper are completely original and the numerical results of the present paper were never published by any researcher.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. 31 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0961-5539

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Book part
Publication date: 5 April 2019

Guillermo Casasnovas and Marc Ventresca

Recent research develops theory and evidence to understand how organizations come to be seen as “actors” with specified features and properties, a core concern for…

Abstract

Recent research develops theory and evidence to understand how organizations come to be seen as “actors” with specified features and properties, a core concern for phenomenological institutionalism. The authors use evidence from changes in research designs in the organizational study of institutional logics as an empirical strategy to add fresh evidence to the debates about the institutional construction of organizations as actors. The case is the research literature on the institutional logics perspective, a literature in which organizational and institutional theorists grapple with long-time social theory questions about nature and context of action and more contemporary debates about the dynamics of social orders. With rapid growth since the early 1990s, this research program has elaborated and proliferated in ways meant to advance the study of societal orders, frames, and practices in diverse inter- and intra-organizational contexts. The study identifies two substantive trends over the observation period: A shift in research design from field-level studies to organization-specific contexts, where conflicts are prominent in the organization, and a shift in the conception of logic transitions, originally from one dominant logic to another, then more attention to co-existence or blending of logics. Based on this evidence, the authors identify a typology of four available research genres that mark a changed conception of organizations as actors. The case of institutional logics makes visible the link between research designs and research outcomes, and it provides new evidence for the institutional processes that construct organizational actorhood.

Details

Agents, Actors, Actorhood: Institutional Perspectives on the Nature of Agency, Action, and Authority
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78756-081-9

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Book part
Publication date: 15 December 2016

Tammar B. Zilber

Joining recent calls to focus our attention on how institutional logics work on the ground, I offer a critique of current studies of institutional logics that often offer a macro…

Abstract

Joining recent calls to focus our attention on how institutional logics work on the ground, I offer a critique of current studies of institutional logics that often offer a macro and reified depictions thereof. I suggest that to fully appreciate how institutions matter, we need to complement these studies with a research program that is based on a constructivist ontology, ethnographic methods of inquiry, and use of theories of action. I exemplify this emerging research agenda, and discuss its broader analytical and empirical implications.

Details

How Institutions Matter!
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78635-429-7

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Book part
Publication date: 7 December 2020

Mary Ann Glynn, Elizabeth A. Hood and Benjamin D. Innis

As hybrid organizations become increasingly common, the authors observe that some hybrid forms are becoming institutionalized and legitimated. The authors explore the implications…

Abstract

As hybrid organizations become increasingly common, the authors observe that some hybrid forms are becoming institutionalized and legitimated. The authors explore the implications of the institutionalization of hybridity, addressing both the internal tensions that plague many hybrids and the external tensions stemming from evaluator assessments and stakeholder uncertainty. The authors propose that institutionalization can dampen internal tensions associated with hybridity and also facilitate legitimation and acceptance by external audiences. The authors present identity as a useful theoretical lens through which to examine these questions, as identities are born from, but also have the potential to modify, existing institutional arrangements. The authors present directions for future research at the juncture of identity, hybridity, and institutionalization, suggesting potential avenues of inquiry in this productive stream of research.

Details

Organizational Hybridity: Perspectives, Processes, Promises
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83909-355-5

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Book part
Publication date: 15 December 2016

Joel Gehman, Michael Lounsbury and Royston Greenwood

This double volume presents a collection of 23 papers on how institutions matter to socio-economic life. The papers delve deeply into the practical impact an institutional…

Abstract

This double volume presents a collection of 23 papers on how institutions matter to socio-economic life. The papers delve deeply into the practical impact an institutional approach enables, as well as how such research has the potential to influence policies relevant to critical institutional changes unfolding in the world today. In Volume 48A, the focus is on the micro foundations of institutional impacts. In Volume 48B, the focus is on the macro consequences of institutional arrangements. Our introduction provides an overview to the two volumes, identifies points of contact between the papers, and briefly summarizes each contribution. We close by noting avenues for future research on how institutions matter. Overall, the volumes provide a cross-section of cutting edge institutional thought and empirical research, highlighting a variety of fruitful directions for knowledge accumulation and development.

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Book part
Publication date: 23 September 2022

Kerem Gurses, Basak Yakis-Douglas and Pinar Ozcan

In this paper, we investigate how digital technology disruptors and the incumbents who stand to be disrupted by them frame their arguments to transform or sustain existing…

Abstract

In this paper, we investigate how digital technology disruptors and the incumbents who stand to be disrupted by them frame their arguments to transform or sustain existing institutional frameworks to enable or deter the market entry of these technologies. Using a longitudinal, comparative case analysis of three digital technologies – namely, voice over Internet protocol (VoIP), cloud antenna, and over-the-top (OTT) technologies – we explore how stakeholders use public interest frames for this purpose. We find that entrepreneurs use three specific frames to drive institutional change for the successful adoption of digital technologies in the presence of established incumbents and powerful regulators: frames that emphasize the broad public appeal of the new digital technology; frames that emphasize efficiency, democracy, and technological advancement; and frames that emphasize present as well as future benefits to the public. We find that constructing interpretations of what serves the public interest is the primary tactic used by disruptors to gain market entry, and an equally popular weapon for incumbents to block the entry of new digital technologies. These interpretations lead to a framing contest aimed at influencing regulators and obtaining a more favorable institutional environment. Our empirical findings illustrate that new digital technologies themselves are not the sole contributors to institutional change. Rather, institutional outcomes associated with the introduction of new digital technologies are shaped by how disruptors and incumbents use public interest frames and how regulators react to these frames.

Details

Digital Transformation and Institutional Theory
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80262-222-5

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Article
Publication date: 1 November 1962

B.F. Gray and B.Sc.)Eng. (

COMPUTERS—both digital and analogue — feature fairly prominently in up‐to‐date syllabuses of electrical engineering subjects. But colleges concerned with this topic are often…

61

Abstract

COMPUTERS—both digital and analogue — feature fairly prominently in up‐to‐date syllabuses of electrical engineering subjects. But colleges concerned with this topic are often severely handicapped by not possessing a computer. This results in the subject being taught on a purely theoretical basis in many instances. Even where colleges possess their own digital or analogue computers, the demands made on the equipment are usually so large that the machines are available for instructional purposes only for limited periods.

Details

Education + Training, vol. 4 no. 11
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0040-0912

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 1964

B.F. Gray and J.A. Widdicks

During the last two or three years there has been a growing recognition within technical education of the inadequacy of traditional laboratory procedures.

10

Abstract

During the last two or three years there has been a growing recognition within technical education of the inadequacy of traditional laboratory procedures.

Details

Education + Training, vol. 6 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0040-0912

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Article
Publication date: 1 May 1964

B.F. GRAY

The average engineering student spends a third of his time in laboratories and workshops. Practical work has always formed an important part of an engineer's training, and the…

14

Abstract

The average engineering student spends a third of his time in laboratories and workshops. Practical work has always formed an important part of an engineer's training, and the evolution of new branches of engineering of growing complexity has tended to increase its importance. At the same time its purpose has sometimes been a little obscured.

Details

Education + Training, vol. 6 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0040-0912

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