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Article
Publication date: 9 February 2010

B. Wessling, M. Rischka and J. Posdorfer

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new class of surface finishes as an alternative to current final surface finishes.

245

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new class of surface finishes as an alternative to current final surface finishes.

Design/methodology/approach

This new finish utilises nanotechnology and is based on a new formulation of the “organic metal” (OM).

Findings

The final surface finish is an approximately 50 nm thin permanent layer, consisting of a complex between the OM and silver (Ag). Panels finished with OrmeSTAR™ Ultra show excellent solderability in spite of a low‐layer thickness and therefore offer significant advantages over existing surface finishes.

Originality/value

This new finish has proven to be a competitive alternative to current final finishes with excellent properties for soldering applications. The new nanotechnology can also significantly improve the environmental and economical consequences of solderable surface finishing.

Details

Circuit World, vol. 36 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0305-6120

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Article
Publication date: 1 December 1999

Bernhard Wessling

As an alternative to hot air levelling, a fundamentally new surface finish chemistry and process for solderability preservation of printed circuit boards is described: a…

235

Abstract

As an alternative to hot air levelling, a fundamentally new surface finish chemistry and process for solderability preservation of printed circuit boards is described: a pretreatment of the copper followed by an optimized formulation of an immersion tin. The precise and reproducible surface finish formation offers reliable solderability, economic and technical advantages for all kinds of PCBs, even for those with the most modern miniaturized structures. The deposition chemistry and ageing properties of the new Organic Metal/tin surface is discussed, based on electrochemical, wet chemical and electron microscopy studies. The results culminate in an almost complete basic understanding of the tin chemistry and the surface finish performance.

Details

Circuit World, vol. 25 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0305-6120

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Available. Content available
Article
Publication date: 1 December 1999

45

Abstract

Details

Circuit World, vol. 25 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0305-6120

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Article
Publication date: 28 October 2014

V. Rajasekharan and P. Manisankar

The purpose of this study is to introduce mechanochemically prepared polyaniline anticorrosive additives. In primer coating technology, there is an increasing interest in the…

166

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to introduce mechanochemically prepared polyaniline anticorrosive additives. In primer coating technology, there is an increasing interest in the development of efficient anticorrosive additives which replace the conventional inorganic anticorrosive pigments like heavy metal chromates and phosphates normally added to primer paints for the coating on metals. Conducting polymers are found to be better alternatives.

Design/methodology/approach

Polyaniline phosphate is synthesized through solid-state conditions without using any solvent. The synthesized polyaniline phosphate is added in the primer formulation instead of zinc phosphate. Primers with different quantity of zinc phosphate are also formulated and studied for comparison. The comparison between their abilities to control corrosion of carbon steel were done with application of open-circuit potential monitoring, polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods in 3.5 per cent NaCl solution.

Findings

Corrosion studies indicate that polyaniline phosphate can improve corrosion protection properties by taking part the passivation processes. The performance of polyaniline phosphate is better than zinc phosphate.

Originality/value

I certify that the results are from our original research and this paper is neither considered for publication elsewhere nor published previously.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 61 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 24 May 2011

Shi Fuhua, Wang Xiutong, Yu Jianqiang and Hou Baorong

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the inhibitive effect of a polyaniline copolymer, namely, poly(aniline‐co‐o‐anthranilic acid) solution, on the corrosion of carbon steel…

533

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the inhibitive effect of a polyaniline copolymer, namely, poly(aniline‐co‐o‐anthranilic acid) solution, on the corrosion of carbon steel in hydrochloric acid. The effect of the different concentrations of the corrosion inhibitor also was investigated.

Design/methodology/approach

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to characterise the polyaniline copolymer. Weight loss measurements, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were carried out to determine the corrosion inhibition efficiency. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the morphology of the corroded surface.

Findings

The results indicated that polyaniline copolymer solution acts as an effective corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution and that the adsorption of the compound on the metal surface obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm.

Practical implications

The corrosion inhibitor could have wide applications in the acid washing industry to reduce the corrosion rate of carbon steel in hydrochloric acid.

Originality/value

This paper reveals a new type of corrosion inhibitor prepared from a polyaniline copolymer.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 58 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 7 November 2008

Ufana Riaz, S.M. Ashraf and Sharif Ahmad

The purpose of this paper is to report a comparative study of conducting polymer (CP) dispersed oil polyurethane coatings derived from a sustainable resource, i.e. polyaniline…

604

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to report a comparative study of conducting polymer (CP) dispersed oil polyurethane coatings derived from a sustainable resource, i.e. polyaniline (PANI)/coconut oil polyesteramide urethane (CPEAU) and poly(1‐naphthylamine) (PNA)/linseed oil polyurethane (LPUA) coatings.

Design/methodology/approach

The coatings were prepared chemically and were characterized for their physico‐chemical, physico‐mechanical, corrosion protective efficiency, and open circuit potential measurements. The morphological analysis of the corroded carbon steel (CS), coated uncorroded CS, and coated corroded CS specimens, was carried out by SEM analysis.

Findings

The study revealed that the presence of a CP enhanced the corrosion protective efficiency of the sustainable resource‐based organic coatings. The type of CP used also played a major role in defining the corrosion resistance behavior of the coating materials.

Originality/value

The comparative study of anticorrosive properties of CP with oil‐based polyurethane blends has been studied for the first time.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 55 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 2016

Tongyan Pan and Qifeng Yu

This study aims to present the fabrication of the two-layer system, coating it on steel surface and evaluating the system’s anti-corrosion performance using the ASTM Standard…

165

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to present the fabrication of the two-layer system, coating it on steel surface and evaluating the system’s anti-corrosion performance using the ASTM Standard Salt-Spray Test: B117 and the technique of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS).

Design/methodology/approach

A synthesized electroactive polyaniline (PANi) was utilized in this study to make a PANi-based primer, with which a two-layer coating system was fabricated by overlaying the primer with a polyurethane top-coat.

Findings

In the Salt-Spray test, the two-layer PANi/polyurethane system exhibited higher corrosion resistance than the two-layer control epoxy/polyurethane system. In particular, the PANi/polyurethane system tended to mitigate the production of rust on substrate surface and demonstrated higher delamination resistance. The EIS analysis confirmed the high corrosion resistance and delamination resistance of the two-layer PANi/polyurethane system based on parameters obtained using the best-fit equivalent circuits.

Practical implications

The demonstrated anti-corrosion capacity of this new PANi/polyurethane system laid a solid base for industrial applications.

Originality/value

This novel coating system is expected to achieve improved corrosion protection for steels than the conventional zinc-rich three-layer coatings.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 63 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 9 November 2010

X. Chen, K. Shen and J. Zhang

The purpose of this paper is to synthesise polyaniline‐SiO2 (PANI‐SiO2) composites and investigate the anticorrosion properties of polyaniline‐SiO2‐containing coating on Mg‐Li…

426

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to synthesise polyaniline‐SiO2 (PANI‐SiO2) composites and investigate the anticorrosion properties of polyaniline‐SiO2‐containing coating on Mg‐Li alloy.

Design/methodology/approach

The PANI‐SiO2 composites were prepared by in situ chemical oxidative polymerisation in phosphoric acid medium. The PANI‐SiO2 composites were characterised by Fourier transform infrared, X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The coating consisted of PANI‐SiO2 composites and epoxy resin was formed on Mg‐Li alloy. The anticorrosion properties were investigated by open circuit potentials (OCP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarisation curves.

Findings

The results indicated that the PANI‐SiO2‐containing coating on Mg‐Li alloy demonstrated good anticorrosion properties in 3.0 wt% NaCl solution. It has been found that the OCP of PANI‐SiO2‐containing coating were able to maintain more noble potential values in comparison to pure epoxy coatings in 3.0 wt% NaCl solution. EIS analysis indicated that the resistance of PANI‐SiO2‐containing coating was more than 106 Ω cm2 in 3.0 wt% NaCl solution in immersion process. Furthermore, the corrosion current of PANI‐SiO2‐containing coating on Mg‐Li alloy showed a significant reduction.

Originality/value

Previous reports on PANI‐SiO2 composites were mostly focused on their conductivity and optical properties and there are few studies so far on their anticorrosion properties as protective coatings for Mg‐Li alloy.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 39 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

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Article
Publication date: 26 August 2014

Mohd Rashid, Suhail Sabir, Umesh Waware and Afidah A. Rahim

– This paper aims to compare the inhibitive effects of polyaniline (PAni), poly(p-toluidine) and poly(aniline-co-p-toluidine) in hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution.

236

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to compare the inhibitive effects of polyaniline (PAni), poly(p-toluidine) and poly(aniline-co-p-toluidine) in hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution.

Design/methodology/approach

The electrochemical deposition of PAni, poly(p-toluidine) and poly(aniline-co-p-toluidine) on pure copper metal was studied potentiodynamically. The copolymer deposited was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet (UV)-visible spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The corrosion inhibition studies on copper electrode were performed using electrochemical methods, viz, open circuit potential (OCP) measurements, potentiodynamic polarization scans and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests, conducted in 0.1 M HCl solution.

Finding

The results of the study reveal that the copolymer of poly(aniline-co-p-toluidine) at the optimum concentration of 1 × 10−3 M has better corrosion inhibition efficiency as compared to PAni and poly(p-toluidine).

Research limitations/implications

The conducting polymers are difficult to deposit on the metal surface because of their high dissolution tendency before the electropolymerization potential of the monomer is achieved.

Practical implications

From an environmental viewpoint, poly(aniline-co-p-toluidine) is a toxic and hazardous conducting polymer.

Originality/value

The paper demonstrates that poly(aniline-co-p-toluidine) showed better dispersion in different organic solvents and had higher corrosion inhibition efficiency than PAni.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 61 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 8 March 2018

Mohd Rashid, Umesh S. Waware, Afidah A. Rahim and A.M.S. Hamouda

The purpose of this study is to compare the inhibitive effect of polyaniline (PAni) and N-cetyl-N,N,N trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB)-stabilized PAni in a hydrochloric acid…

205

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to compare the inhibitive effect of polyaniline (PAni) and N-cetyl-N,N,N trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB)-stabilized PAni in a hydrochloric acid (HCl) medium.

Design/methodology/approach

PAni has been deposited potentiodynamically on mild steel in the presence of CTAB as a stabilizing agent to achieve high corrosion inhibition performance by the polymer deposition. The corrosion inhibition studies of CTAB-stabilized PAni inhibitor in 0.1 M HCl acidic solution was carried out by electrochemical methods, namely, open-circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique.

Findings

The results of electrochemical studies have shown that the CTAB-stabilized PAni inhibitor has higher corrosion efficiency than PAni on mild steel in 0.1 M HCl solution. The maximum per cent efficiency evaluated using the potentiodynamic polarization method is approximately 91.9.

Originality/value

CTAB-stabilized PAni has never been studied as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in an acidic medium. The investigations demonstrate relatively the better corrosion inhibition efficiency and high dispersion of the polymer in the acidic medium.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 65 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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