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With the condition monitoring system on airplanes, failures can be predicted before they occur. Performance deterioration of aircraft engines is monitored by parameters such as fuel flow, exhaust gas temperature, engine fan speeds, vibration, oil pressure and oil temperature. The vibration parameter allows us to easily detect any existing or possible faults. The purpose of this paper is to develop a new model to estimate the low pressure turbine (LPT) vibration parameter of an aircraft engine by using the data of an aircraft’s actual flight from flight data recorder (FDR).

First, statistical regression analysis is used to determine the parameters related to LPT. Then, the selected parameters were applied as an input to the developed Levenberg–Marquardt feedforward neural network and the output LPT vibration parameter was estimated with a small error. Analyses were performed on MATLAB and SPSS Statistics 22 package program. Finally, the confidence interval method is used to check the accuracy of the estimated results of artificial neural networks (ANNs).

This study shows that the health conditions of an aircraft engine can be evaluated in terms of this paper by using confidence interval prediction of ANN-estimated LPT vibration parameters without dismantling and expert knowledge.

With this study, it has been shown that faults that may occur during flight can be easily detected using the data of a flight without expert evaluation.

The health condition of the turbofan engine was evaluated using the confidence interval prediction of ANN-estimated LPT vibration parameters.

The paper aims to clarify the effect of boriding on the corrosion behavior and mechanical properties of AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel.

The commercially available steel was subjected to a boriding treatment with Ekabor III powders at temperatures of 1,223-1,273 K with boriding durations of 2-4 h. Microstructural characterization of the steel was carried out with optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses. Static immersion corrosion tests were made using a 10 percent H₂SO₄ acid solution and salt spray tests were carried out in accord with the ASTM B-117 standard.

Grain boundary precipitation of carbides was observed in the transition zone beneath the boride layers. The corrosion resistance of the steel against the acid solution increased to about seven times its untreated value with the boriding treatment.

The boride coating improved the corrosion resistance of the AISI 304 stainless steel against acidic media, but suffered from spalling in the salt spray test. Future work will focus on improving the adhesion between the coating and the substrate by changing the parameters for the boriding process.

Pack boriding is a simple, environmentally friendly coating process and can be recommended for use in small and medium enterprises. The boride coatings deposited have potential in further improving the wear and corrosion resistance of stainless steels.

The outcome of the research is of great importance for the industry using wear- and corrosion-resistant coatings.

There is a close relationship between labour markets and technology. Technological development enhances labour productivity and creates new jobs in some industries requiring to be different skills while it destroys jobs in ones requiring to be low-skilled. Today, it is experiencing a deep digital transformation. It may be evaluated for Industry 4.0 to cause technological unemployment due to changes in the structure of employment and to bring about new structural problems in labour market. In addition, it is expected for technological progress such as automation and robotic in the production process to negatively influence employment of low-skilled workers. Industry 4.0 has generated a new production model, in which robotic technologies are effectively used in the production process. So-called new technology-based production process has started to change production, working relationship and daily life. Discussions about the effects of the developments in technology on the labour market and unemployment are separated two groups. While there exist optimist views indicating that such development in technology will result in more productivity, pessimists believe that the use of robots, artificial intelligence, smart systems and algorithms in business life will eventually bring problems such as mass unemployment, mass poverty and social disruption. In this study, the authors aim to analyse the potential effects of Industry 4.0 on labour market in Turkey and European countries. From the findings of the study, the authors concluded that Turkey have a higher risk at automation than European countries.

This study aims to evaluate the potential of using the components of the quadruple helix and quintuple helix models, which are extensions of the triple helix university-private sector-public sector cooperation model. Thus, the triple helix model shaped by university-private-public sector cooperation has transformed into a quadruple helix innovation model with the inclusion of the media and culture-oriented public helix. In this context, while the triple helix emphasizes tripartite networks and hybrid organizations, the quadruple helix system focuses on intertwined collaborations, coevolution, and specialization within the framework of firms, institutions, and stakeholders. In the quadruple helix innovation system, the coevolution of art and innovation has assumed a central role in knowledge generation and innovation. In the quintuple helix innovation model, the natural environment of society is added to the quadruple helix. This study consists of three parts. In the first part, the literature on triple helix, quadruple helix, and quintuple helix models is reviewed. In the second part, digital transformation and technological innovations from Industrial Revolution 1.0 to Industry 5.0 are analyzed. In the third section, the contribution of the quintuple helix model to Industry 5.0 and Society 5.0 is explained.

Industry 4.0 with artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things, and automation are giving way to Industry 5.0 which places emphasis on workers' well-being, people, and society. The new era accentuates interaction between humans and smart machines to drive prosperity and induce sustainable contribution of industry to society. It must build a resilient economy to cope with future uncertainties or external shocks. Moreover, the sustainability effort of companies demanded by consumers, employees, shareholders, governments, and civil society requires sustainability transformation of business strategies. Applying sustainability principles in product design implies the consideration of a product's entire life cycle. Technologies accelerate sustainable production and support using natural resources efficiently taking into consideration planetary boundaries. This condition also makes for a novel perception of products, including financial products. Under the current circumstances of a volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous environment, the focus on consumers and recognition of their dominance play a pivotal role in business models to maintain customer relationships. Thus, the digital, sustainable, human-centric industry is emerging. This chapter deals with digital products to enable twin transition and accomplish a sustainable business strategy simultaneously. It examines the reciprocal reinforcement of sustainability and digitalization and discusses the impact of digital sustainability on products. In this sense, this chapter also outlines the business contribution to sustainable development through digitalization. Finally, a holistic model for a hypothetical financial remittance product is offered to demonstrate how a digital product can contribute to sustainable development.

Although organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB) is a concept associated with significant values within the modern workplace, many employees find it challenging to exhibit some necessary extra-role behaviours, such as helping co-workers complete their duties when a situation demands it. Currently, in the South African workspace, fostering OCB among employees is a concern to people practitioners. Specifically, extra-role types of behaviour are declining among professionals as 21st-century technologies promote remote-working policy, leaving employees to work robotically with computers and having no colleagues around to seek or render assistance with their duties. Moreover, professionals are overwhelmed with the timely and endless obligations received frequently and hardly have time and energy for extra-role behaviours. In addition, physical and psychological health-related concerns such as technology stress and career worries are among the contemporary issues affecting human resource (HR) management in this present time. This necessitates more scholarly actions in the niche of OCB, especially identifying and arresting its hindrances. However, a thorough review of the literature on OCB revealed a paucity of scientific reports in the areas of relationships between technostress, career concerns and OCB. Hence, the proposed chapter seeks to bridge the gap in the literature of OCB by theoretically exploring the relationships between technostress, career concerns and OCB in the professional services context in South Africa.