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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1987

Avril Thomas

This paper describes past and present methods of serials control employed at the National Library of Wales, and notes the problems encountered in the transition from a completely…

32

Abstract

This paper describes past and present methods of serials control employed at the National Library of Wales, and notes the problems encountered in the transition from a completely manual system to an automated one in the space of twelve months. In order to appreciate the advantages and disadvantages of introducing an automated system some background knowledge of the way the Library works and of the system is included. The development and implementation of the automated system at the National Library is the subject of a paper by Dr D R Jeremiah published in Program, Vol. 21, no. 2, April 1987.

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VINE, vol. 17 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0305-5728

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Publication date: 24 January 2025

Mark Wickham-Jones

Contrasting the Madisonian model of democracy with Westminster style arrangements, this chapter examines how American political scientists and policymakers expressed second…

Abstract

Contrasting the Madisonian model of democracy with Westminster style arrangements, this chapter examines how American political scientists and policymakers expressed second thoughts about the constitutional settlement of 1787 and looked towards the British political system for possible reforms to their own. In particular, it details the arguments offered by Thomas Finletter, James MacGregor Burns, and others, from the 1940s through to the early 1960s that the United States might adopt certain features of the Westminster model. The chapter analyzes their proposals and the – essentially negative – reception that they received. It concludes by addressing the failure of these proposals and the endurance of fragmented government within the United States.

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Article
Publication date: 12 December 2020

Melanie Jay Narayanasamy, Louise Thomson, Carol Coole, Fiona Nouri and Avril Drummond

There has been little research into the use and efficacy of Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) across UK workplaces. This paper aims to investigate the implementation of MHFA across…

764

Abstract

Purpose

There has been little research into the use and efficacy of Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) across UK workplaces. This paper aims to investigate the implementation of MHFA across six UK organisations, identifying key barriers and facilitators.

Design/methodology/approach

Twenty-seven workplace representatives were recruited from six organisations through purposive sampling and took part in semi-structured interviews exploring their experiences of workplace MHFA. The data underwent thematic analysis, identifying key themes around implementation.

Findings

Implementation varied across organisations, including different reasons for initial interest in the programme, and variable ways that MHFA-trained employees operated post-training. Key barriers to successful implementation included negative attitudes around mental health, the perception that MHFA roles were onerous, and employees’ reluctance to engage in the MHFA programme. Successful implementation was perceived to be based on individual qualities of MHFA instructors and good practice demonstrated by trained individuals in the workplace. The role of the inner organisational setting and employee characteristics were further highlighted as barriers and facilitators to effective implementation.

Research limitations/implications

MHFA is a complex intervention, presenting in different ways when implemented into complex workplace settings. As such, traditional evaluation methods may not be appropriate for gaining insights into its effectiveness. Future evaluations of workplace MHFA must consider the complexity of implementing and operationalising this intervention in the workplace.

Originality/value

This study is the first to highlight the factors affecting successful implementation of MHFA across a range of UK workplaces.

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The Journal of Mental Health Training, Education and Practice, vol. 16 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1755-6228

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Article
Publication date: 2 September 2014

Jennifer Feitosa, Christine Kreutzer, Angela Kramperth, William S. Kramer and Eduardo Salas

The purpose of this paper is to first, synthesize employee characteristics that have been shown to help expatriate adjustment into best practices that can aid in expatriate…

6519

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to first, synthesize employee characteristics that have been shown to help expatriate adjustment into best practices that can aid in expatriate selection. Second, the authors aim to identify training design variables that can be implemented to not only increase learning and expatriate adjustment, but also to maximize the benefits of employee characteristics. Finally, the authors point out environmental factors that are often overlooked, but yet important influencing forces of expatriate adjustment.

Design/methodology/approach

PsychINFO was searched using variations of the following terms: expatriate selection and expatriate training. For the selection criteria, the authors selected articles in which cross-cultural adjustment, expatriate performance, or learning was the dependent variable. Reference sections of these articles were then cross-referenced for additional support. Authors then double-coded every article independently to record variables, study methodology, and research results.

Findings

The authors have identified cultural intelligence, learning orientation, technical KSAO's, and language skills to be the most significant antecedents of expatriate adjustment. Furthermore, the authors have found environmental factors (i.e. organizational, family, and interpersonal support) to play a crucial role in the adjustment process. The authors have also identified training factors (i.e. content, process, and elements) to be crucial, and the authors propose how these design variables further facilitate learning and adjustment.

Originality/value

This manuscript contributes to the extant expatriate adjustment literature by providing a new, integrative framework. While the individual variables explored within the paper have been examined in past research, this manuscript is the first to offer a framework which integrates them to shape future research.

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Journal of Global Mobility, vol. 2 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2049-8799

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Publication date: 24 January 2025

Christopher Griffin

The United States experienced its own damaging attempt at secession between 1861 and 1865, and one would expect the US Government to condemn all secession attempts at home and…

Abstract

The United States experienced its own damaging attempt at secession between 1861 and 1865, and one would expect the US Government to condemn all secession attempts at home and abroad. This paper examines four cases of secession in sub-Saharan Africa and the US policy toward those independence movements: Katanga, Biafra, Eritrea, and South Sudan. The finding is that the American Government's policy toward fragmentation in other countries has surprisingly not been characterized by a condemnation of the secessionist movements. The US response has most often been tacit support or reluctant opposition to nascent independence movements, which always stopped short of full diplomatic recognition prior to 1991. Anticommunism also played a role in US foreign policy decisions regarding secession abroad during the Cold War but did not lead in any case examined to open political or military intervention.

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1952

J. Nikerk

Le Musée national à Amsterdam possède un portrait de Gresham, un tableau à l'huile de toute beauté, peint dans la seconde moitié du seizième siècle par Antonio Moro. Sir Thomas

17

Abstract

Le Musée national à Amsterdam possède un portrait de Gresham, un tableau à l'huile de toute beauté, peint dans la seconde moitié du seizième siècle par Antonio Moro. Sir Thomas Gresham, un financier anglais réputé (1519–1579), est considéré comme le fondateur de la Bourse de Londres. Cette ville était également le berceau des assurances. Si paradoxal que cela puisse sembler, il est un fait certain que l'assurance dont le rôle consiste à prévenir l'individu des risques et à lui donner une plus grande sécurité dans la vie sociale, trouve son origine dans un pays, également connu pour la passion des paris dans tous les domaines. Un des paris les plus fantastiques qui est entré dans la littérature, fut décrit par Jules Verne dans son livre «Le Tour du Monde en 80 Jours», où Phileas Fogg, un Anglais, après bon nombre d'aventures extraordinaires gagne enfin sa gageure.

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The Tourist Review, vol. 7 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0251-3102

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 1983

Guy Perrin

Les premiers textes déclaratifs des droits de l'homme en Occident n'ont pas comporté immédiatement la reconnaissance de droits sociaux. Ainsi, à la suite de la Déclaration des…

195

Abstract

Les premiers textes déclaratifs des droits de l'homme en Occident n'ont pas comporté immédiatement la reconnaissance de droits sociaux. Ainsi, à la suite de la Déclaration des Droits—“Bill of Rights”—imposée à la Monarchie anglaise le 13 février 1689, la Déclaration modèle adoptée en Virginie le 12 juin 1776, sous l'autorité de George Mason, comme la Déclaration d'Indépendance américaine du 4 juillet 1776, et enfin la Déclaration francaise des droits de l'homme et du citoyen, proclamée par l'Assemblée nationale le 26 août 1789, étaient consacrées à l'affirmation des droits civils et politi‐ques face aux pouvoirs dont l'emprise devait être restreinte et contenue, plutôt que confirmée et étendue par l'attribution de nouvelles fonctions, même justifiées par l'intention d'améliorer le sort des plus malheureux. Résolus à ouvrir une bràche décisive dans le système de gouvernement absolutiste, les pionniers des droits de l'homme étaient tenus d'accorder la priorité aux droits conquis de libre disposition sur les droits acquis de protection, de sorte que l'autonomie des citoyens à l'égard de l'Etat était revendiquée avec toutes ses conséquences économiques et sociales. Même l'expression neuve du droit à la vie et à la poursuite du bonheur, qui apparaît dans les déclarations américaines du XVIIIe siècle, s'entendait d'une aspiration irrépressible à la liberté et non point comme l'avers d'obligations sociales imposées à la collectivité, du moins jusqu'à ce que le Préambule de la Constitution des Etats‐Unis d'Amérique du 17 septembre 1787 inscrivît la promotion du bienêtre général—“to promote the general welfare”—au nombre de ses objectifs.

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International Journal of Social Economics, vol. 10 no. 6/7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0306-8293

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1993

Thomas A. Peters

The purpose of this article is to present an overview of the history and development of transaction log analysis (TLA) in library and information science research. Organizing a…

579

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to present an overview of the history and development of transaction log analysis (TLA) in library and information science research. Organizing a literature review of the first twenty‐five years of TLA poses some challenges and requires some decisions. The primary organizing principle could be a strict chronology of the published research, the research questions addressed, the automated information retrieval (IR) systems that generated the data, the results gained, or even the researchers themselves. The group of active transaction log analyzers remains fairly small in number, and researchers who use transaction logs tend to use this method more than once, so tracing the development and refinement of individuals' uses of the methodology could provide insight into the progress of the method as a whole. For example, if we examine how researchers like W. David Penniman, John Tolle, Christine Borgman, Ray Larson, and Micheline Hancock‐Beaulieu have modified their own understandings and applications of the method over time, we may get an accurate sense of the development of all applications.

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Library Hi Tech, vol. 11 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0737-8831

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Article
Publication date: 1 May 1995

Frank Felsenstein

Describes a research project to identify, record and analyse bookadvertisements in eighteenth‐century English provincial books. Discussesthe conduct of the research and examines…

402

Abstract

Describes a research project to identify, record and analyse book advertisements in eighteenth‐century English provincial books. Discusses the conduct of the research and examines examples. Describes the significance of the research for English book trade history of the period, and illustrates it with a specific example of David Senior of Sittingbourne, Kent.

Details

Library Review, vol. 44 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0024-2535

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Article
Publication date: 2 May 2017

Avril Blamey, Jacki Gordon, Kim Newstead and Jacqueline McDowell

The purpose of this paper is to present learning on the strategies used by cooking skills practitioners and the programme theories, behaviour change mechanisms/contexts and…

469

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present learning on the strategies used by cooking skills practitioners and the programme theories, behaviour change mechanisms/contexts and intended outcomes associated with these in varied contexts.

Design/methodology/approach

Grey literature from Scottish cooking skills courses were reviewed using realist principles. Intervention implementation variables were identified and iteratively coded to uncover intended intervention strategies and programme theories. The lack of robust evaluation processes and outcome data in the grey literature prevented the testing of intended programme theories against outcomes. Alternatively, implementation strategies were aligned against behavioural-theory constructs contained in national guidance. Prioritised theories were further clarified/refined using practitioner and participant focus group data. Learning was used to inform future practice/evaluation.

Findings

Courses targeted and reached vulnerable individuals. Practitioners articulated multiple theories and assumptions about how strategies may work. Numerous strategies and behaviour constructs were used to target, tailor and reinforce cooking/food and wider social outcomes. Mechanisms were assumed to be triggered by different contexts and lead to varied outcomes. Strategies used were consistent with evidenced behaviour change constructs and guidelines. Interventions aimed to achieve non-cooking/social outcomes as well as cooking ones – including potential mediators of cooking behaviour, e.g. self-confidence. Contexts facilitated/limited the use of certain strategies. Limitations in course design, reporting and self-evaluation need to be addressed.

Practical implications

Recommendations for improving intervention commissioning, design and evaluation using realist principles are provided.

Originality/value

Learning addresses gaps in knowledge about the implementation of cooking skills interventions identified from systematic reviews and can improve course design and evaluation.

Details

British Food Journal, vol. 119 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0007-070X

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