Charles Jonscher and Ashley Summerfield
Most food‐processing companies in the Western world which haveinternational operations are considering the prospects for businessdevelopment in Central and Eastern Europe, as…
Abstract
Most food‐processing companies in the Western world which have international operations are considering the prospects for business development in Central and Eastern Europe, as previously established markets in the West stagnate or decline. The addition of 300 million people to the community of countries operating under Western market economy principles, following the political upheaval in the region in 1989, has been an important factor in this development. Considers the scope of opportunities in the new Europe; the opening up of new markets; new, if at present limited, spending power. Discusses market entry (costs are comparatively low) and further investment; acquisitions and joint ventures; issues to be addressed by any firm contemplating this market; and post‐entry issues. Concludes that Central and Eastern Europe can provide an attractive and enduring route for corporate grant.
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Ali B. Mahmoud, Shehnaz Tehseen and Leonora Fuxman
This chapter attempts to provide answers to the following questions:
- What is artificial intelligence (AI)? Moreover, what is AI-based retail innovation?
- How does AI work?
- What are…
Abstract
Learning Outcomes
This chapter attempts to provide answers to the following questions:
What is artificial intelligence (AI)? Moreover, what is AI-based retail innovation?
How does AI work?
What are the applications of AI in retail services innovation?
What are the ethical aspects, considerations and issues regarding the employment of AI in retail?
What is artificial intelligence (AI)? Moreover, what is AI-based retail innovation?
How does AI work?
What are the applications of AI in retail services innovation?
What are the ethical aspects, considerations and issues regarding the employment of AI in retail?
Details
Keywords
THE training model to be discussed is based on an integrated set of manual and mechanised indexing systems, all handling the same body of information from a limited subject field…
Abstract
THE training model to be discussed is based on an integrated set of manual and mechanised indexing systems, all handling the same body of information from a limited subject field. By extending the scope of the model's operations to include prior and subsequent activities like the selection and abstracting of the documents to be indexed, and the preparation and dissemination of material through the use of the indexes, the model may be used for a wide range of documentation training, principally at three levels: demonstration by the lecturer to the students; use by the students in the retrieval and dissemination of information; and development by the students through the selection and abstracting of documents, the indexing and storage of information and ultimately the use of feedback from the dissemination stage to improve the systems.
IDEAL methods of Library service; this, in simple translation is the purpose before the Library Association Conference at Manchester this year. The first thing that strikes any…
Abstract
IDEAL methods of Library service; this, in simple translation is the purpose before the Library Association Conference at Manchester this year. The first thing that strikes any observer is the great variety of current library work. There was a day, so recent that fairly young men can remember it, when a Library Association Conference could focus its attention upon such matters as public library charging systems, open access versus the indicator, the annotated versus the title‐a‐line catalogue, the imposition of fines and penalties; in short, on those details of working which are now settled in the main and do not admit of general discussion. All of them, too, it will be observed, are problems of the public library. When those of other libraries came into view in those days they were seen only on the horizon. It was believed that there was no nexus of interest in libraries other than the municipal variety. Each of the others was a law unto itself, and its problems concerned no one else. The provision of books for villages, it is true, was always before the public librarian; he knew the problem. In this journal James Duff Brown wrote frequently concerning it; before the Library Assistants' Association, Mr. Harry Farr, then Deputy Librarian of Cardiff, wrote an admirable plea for its development. Wyndham Hulme once addressed an annual dinner suggesting it as the problem for the younger librarians. Carnegie money made the scheme possible. But contemporaneously with the development of the Rural Library system, which now calls itself the County Library system as an earnest of its ultimate intentions, there has been a coming together of the librarians of research and similar libraries. We have a section for them in the Library Association.
Aarhus Kommunes Biblioteker (Teknisk Bibliotek), Ingerslevs Plads 7, Aarhus, Denmark. Representative: V. NEDERGAARD PEDERSEN (Librarian).