Arpita Joardar, Tatiana Kostova and Sibin Wu
The purpose of this paper is to present our viewpoint on the research on foreignness and provide directions for future studies. We suggest that research on foreignness can be…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present our viewpoint on the research on foreignness and provide directions for future studies. We suggest that research on foreignness can be expanded by exploring its complexity.
Design/methodology/approach
This article takes the form of a viewpoint.
Findings
We identify three facets of foreignness – foreignness effect (liabilities or assets) foreignness level (organizational or individual) and foreignness locus (external or internal to an entity), which have not been sufficiently examined in prior research.
Originality/value
We discuss how these aspects can inform a novel research agenda in this area.