Anum Qureshi and Eric Lamarque
This paper aims to examine the influence of risk management (RM) practices on the credit risk of significantly supervised European banks.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to examine the influence of risk management (RM) practices on the credit risk of significantly supervised European banks.
Design/methodology/approach
To avoid regulatory and reporting discrepancies, this paper samples banks that come under the direct supervision of the European Central Bank. Significantly supervised European Banks are selected for the five years from 2013 to 2017. The RM and governance data is manually drawn (from annual reports, registration documents, governance and RM reports), and financial data sets are also used (from Moody’s BankFocus and ORBIS).
Findings
The results indicate that strong risk control and supervision by a powerful chief risk officer (CRO) reduces banks’ credit risk. Banks with sufficiently powerful and independent CROs tend to manage their risks effectively, therefore reporting lower credit risk.
Research limitations/implications
European Union introduced Capital Requirement Directive IV in 2013 and new guidelines on the banks' internal governance in 2017, which were to be implemented in 2018. Thus, this paper limited the sample to five years (from 2013 to 2017) to avoid inconsistencies in the results. Future studies can extend the research and compare banks' credit risk before and after the implementation of regulatory guidelines.
Practical implications
Since the global financial crisis, the regulatory environment has sufficiently changed. Hence, this study reveals that not all RM practices but a few important ones reduce credit risk.
Social implications
Effective risk control and supervision at the bank level can lower credit risk, ultimately enhancing overall financial stability.
Originality/value
Most existing studies focus on classic governance indicators to analyze banks’ credit risk; however, this paper considers risk governance indicators which include RM practices used by European banks. Moreover, existing studies in this line focus on the crisis period of 2007–2008. This paper considered the postfinancial crisis period, specifically after the implementation of the Capital Requirements Directive IV at the European level.
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Muhammad Mujtaba Asad and Anum Qureshi
Technology-based collaborative learning (TBCL) is the manner in which students can use technological tools and digital platforms to share knowledge and learn collaboratively. It…
Abstract
Purpose
Technology-based collaborative learning (TBCL) is the manner in which students can use technological tools and digital platforms to share knowledge and learn collaboratively. It can help increase students’ participation, motivation and achievement due to the stimulating teaching environment. The study intends to examine the effect of TBCL on students’ competency-based education (CBE).
Design/methodology/approach
A questionnaire as quantitative data gathering tool is employed in this correlational study. This study used purposive sampling which is done on undergraduate university students (N = 187) in order to accomplish the goal. The data are analyzed using the SPSS software (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 27.0.
Findings
The findings of this study indicate the strong positive association between the TBCL and students’ CBE with the correlation coefficient value 0.993. Hence, the null hypothesis is rejected, and alternative hypothesis of this study is accepted.
Practical implications
The findings will provide valuable insights that will help educators, policymakers, industry partners and researchers better prepare students for the demands of the digital age and improve the quality of education by identifying successful strategies for integrating technology into collaborative learning environments.
Originality/value
This study is unique because it synthesizes and analyzes previous research to look at the particular context of TBCL and how it affects students' CBE in higher education institution in Sindh that was not previously investigated.
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Muhammad Ali, Chin-Hong Puah, Anum Ali, Syed Ali Raza and Norazirah Ayob
The role of green human resource management in Islamic banking remains relatively unexplored. This study focuses on how green human resource management plays a part using…
Abstract
Purpose
The role of green human resource management in Islamic banking remains relatively unexplored. This study focuses on how green human resource management plays a part using intellectual capital and how green human resource improves employee commitment, eco-friendly behavior and environmental performance in Islamic banks.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper integrated two well-established theoretical frameworks, namely, intellectual capital-based view theory and social identity theory. A survey-based research instrument was employed to collect sample data of 231 respondents. To test hypotheses, we considered partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM)-based approach using SmartPLS.
Findings
The results indicate that green human capital, green structural capital and green relational capital significantly influenced green human resource management. Similarly, green human resource management showed a significant positive impact on employee commitment, eco-friendly behavior and environmental performance. Moreover, this study found significant positive results on the interrelationship between employee commitment, eco-friendly behavior and environmental performance. The outcomes recommend that Islamic bank HR managers and top management should strengthen green human resource management policies. Additionally, the Islamic bank HR department should consider bank intellectual capital and employee social identity while making environment-friendly policies.
Originality/value
This study provides novel contributions by offering some useful guidelines to Islamic bank managers and practitioners. In addition, our research aids general green human resource literature and adds value to promoting a sustainable organization.
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Mumtaz Ali Memon, Hiram Ting, Christian Ringle, Jun-Hwa Cheah and Nuttawuth Muenjohn
Samuel Ssekajja Mayanja, Henry Mutebi and Juliet Wakaisuka Isingoma
This study examines the mediating role of self-organization and entrepreneurial learning behaviors in the relationship between entrepreneurial networking and sustainability of…
Abstract
Purpose
This study examines the mediating role of self-organization and entrepreneurial learning behaviors in the relationship between entrepreneurial networking and sustainability of women owned micro-enterprise performance.
Design/methodology/approach
We tested our model based on a sample of 518 women-owned micro-enterprises in Eastern Uganda using ordinary partial least squares regression through Smart PLS version 3.3.3.
Findings
The results show a direct relationship between entrepreneurial networking, entrepreneurial learning behavior, self-organization and sustainability of women owned micro-enterprise performance. In addition, self-organization mediates the relationship between entrepreneurial networking, entrepreneurial learning behavior and sustainability of women owned micro-enterprise performance. Furthermore, entrepreneurial learning behavior mediates the relationship between self-organization and sustainability of women owned micro-enterprise performance.
Research limitations/implications
The study was cross-sectional; it is possible that the views held by individuals may change over the years.
Originality/value
This research contributes to gender-based sustainability of micro-enterprise performance by empirically testing the anecdotal and conceptual evidence.
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M. Afzal, C. Obuekwe, A.R. Khan and H. Barakat
This paper seeks to investigate Cordia myxa L. (CM) extracts as hepatoprotective agents, through their antioxidant activities.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper seeks to investigate Cordia myxa L. (CM) extracts as hepatoprotective agents, through their antioxidant activities.
Design/methodology/approach
Oxydative liver damage in rats was induced in Wister rats by two agents: carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4) and thioacetamide (TA). Oxydative damage was evaluated by a measurement of aspartate transaminase (AST), glutamate transaminase (ALT) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), in sera of the rats. Several extracts of Cordia myxa were prepared and were fed to experimental animals over a period of two weeks. Liver recovery was assessed by measuring the above hepatic enzymes and their comparison with the control group of animals. Phenolic content of the extracts was measured by Folin‐Ciocalteu reagent and was calculated as gallic acid equivalents. α,α‐diphenyl‐β‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay was used to measure antiradical activity of the extracts and it was compared with ascorbic acid.
Findings
Maximum fruit extract can be obtained by hand‐macerating the peeled fruit rich in phenolic content 11.1±1.47 mg/g gallic acid equivalent. Its antiradical activity was measured as 16.34±0.81 that was calculated as 10.0±1.24 ascorbic acid equivalent. CCl4 and TA induced comparable oxidative liver damage as measured through hepatic enzymes. A significant (p=0.05) liver recovery was noticed when animals treated with CCl4/TA were fed with CM extracts.
Originality/value
The study reports the protective role of C. myxa in chemically induced fibrosis by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and thioacetamide (TA).
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Giovanna Gavana, Pietro Gottardo and Anna Maria Moisello
This paper aims to study how corporate governance and country-related contextual factors affect the relationship between board gender diversity and environmental, social and…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to study how corporate governance and country-related contextual factors affect the relationship between board gender diversity and environmental, social and governance (ESG) disclosure in its components: governance, social and environmental.
Design/methodology/approach
Using ordinary least-squares and two-stage least squares (2SLS) regressions, and retrieving ESG disclosure data from Bloomberg’s database, the paper analyses a sample of European nonfinancial listed firms (1,935 firm-year observations) over the period 2014–2022. The study adopts board independence and board cultural diversity as structural and demographic board attributes that characterize the corporate governance environment in which female directors operate; the enforcement of law and gender equality as country-related institutional and cultural factors.
Findings
Results suggest that female directors may substitute board independence in improving ESG and governance disclosure, whilst they co-occur with board cultural diversity in increasing ESG, governance and social disclosure. Findings indicate that the enforcement of law increases the positive effect of female directors on environmental disclosure and lowers the impact on governance disclosure. Conversely, a more gender-equal environment enhances female directors’ engagement in improving governance disclosure, reducing their beneficial effect on environmental information.
Originality/value
This study contributes to the literature suggesting that structural and other demographic board contextual aspects, as well as institutional and cultural country-related contextual factors, affect the relationship between board gender diversity and ESG disclosure differently and the effect may vary depending on ESG disclosure.
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Rizwan Ali, Ramiz Ur Rehman, Madiha Kanwal, Muhammad Akram Naseem and Muhammad Ishfaq Ahmad
This study aims to examine the key determinants of corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure of all listed banks that operate their function in an emerging market, Pakistan.
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to examine the key determinants of corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure of all listed banks that operate their function in an emerging market, Pakistan.
Design/methodology/approach
This study applied the principles of systems-oriented theories such as legitimacy, stakeholder and agency theory. The hypothesis is linking the bank’s social disclosure and its determinants are developed. The relevant data was gathered from the bank’s annual reports and Pakistan Stock Exchange from 2008 to 2018. Further, governance attributes and performance measures are used as the predictor variable and the CSR score as the predicted variable. This study applied panel data analysis on the sampled banks to examine the proposed hypothesis for empirical estimation.
Findings
This study’s inclusive results confirm that the hypothesized determinants of board size, foreign directors on board and female directors on board positively impact the CSR disclosure potential. Board size significantly explains the CSR disclosure in all bank samples. The determined performance measures, profitability and liquidity show a significant positive relationship with CSR disclosure except for few exceptions.
Research limitations/implications
This study’s results lack generalizability due to its unique setting; future researchers can extend the research scope in national–international settings and a regional context.
Practical implications
This study enriches the literature on CSR disclosure determinants and is relevant to practice in an emerging context. It can be helpful from a policy perspective; institutions (bodies) that regulate banks should recognize the governance and performance aspects essential to enhancing CSR disclosure and enhancing the bank’s performance hence value.
Originality/value
This research offers empirical evidence that sheds light on the key governance attributes and performance measures that partially affect CSR disclosure and its extent. In doing so, this study’s findings contribute to the literature significantly, along with regulators, shareholders, deposit holders, individual–institutional investors.
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Khalid Farooq and Mohd Yusoff Yusliza
This research offered a systematic and comprehensive literature review in analysing current studies on employee ecological behaviour (EEB) strategies and settings to determine…
Abstract
Purpose
This research offered a systematic and comprehensive literature review in analysing current studies on employee ecological behaviour (EEB) strategies and settings to determine various emphasised workplace ecological behaviour areas and contribute a precise mapping for future research.
Design/methodology/approach
This systematic literature review method involved 106 peer-reviewed articles published in reputable academic journals (between 2000 and the first quarter of 2021). This study was confined to a review of empirical papers derived from digital databases encompassing the terms ‘Employee green behaviour’, ‘Green behaviour at workplace’, ‘Employee ecological behaviour’, ‘Employee Pro-environmental behaviour’ and ‘Pro-environmental behaviour at workplace’ in the titles.
Findings
This study identified relevant journal articles (classified as EEB at work) from the current body of knowledge. Notably, much emphasis was identified on EEB over the past two decades. Overall, most studies employing quantitative approaches in both developed and emerging nations. Notably, ecological behaviour application garnered the most significant attention from scholars among the four focus areas in the literature review: (i) EEB concepts, models, or reviews, (ii) EEB application, (iii) EEB determinants and (iv) EEB outcomes.
Practical implications
Significant literature gaps indicate this field to be a relatively novel phenomenon. Thus, rigorous research on the topic proves necessary to develop a holistic understanding of the subject area.
Originality/value
This study expands the current body of knowledge by providing the first comprehensive systematic review on EEB themes, methods, applications, determinants, contextual focus, outcomes and recommending future research agenda.