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Article
Publication date: 3 May 2016

Anthony Andrew and Michael Pitt

The paper aims to examine how Scottish facility and estate managers have developed estates and facilities management strategies to ensure that the Scottish government civil estate…

522

Abstract

Purpose

The paper aims to examine how Scottish facility and estate managers have developed estates and facilities management strategies to ensure that the Scottish government civil estate has remained fit for purpose in a period of rapid social, economic and technological change, and political development covering the devolution period.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper examines the development of the policy frameworks within which facility mangers have worked and how they have adapted the asset portfolio to meet the demands of modern working practices and the budgetary disciplines resulting from economic change.

Findings

The period 1989-2015 has shown major changes. It commenced with a highly centralised model driven by the Whitehall Department of the Treasury and run by the Property Services Agency. Just before and during devolution, there was administrative decentralisation of activity to agencies and non-departmental public bodies, and this was reflected in decentralised property management first to departments and then to the agencies and non-departmental public bodies. During this time, profound changes occurred in working practices, e-mail, e-records, mobile telephones and open-plan layouts; remote working changed the ways buildings were used. Public sector property was used to promote distribution of jobs to outer areas. Towards the latter end of the period from 2008 onwards, the economic difficulties have led to acute budget pressures, and from 2011 onwards, there has been a trend both in Whitehall, and the Scottish devolved administration towards greater corporate management of the estate to drive down costs and promote more modern ways of working which may lead to a model similar to the one which prevailed at the start of the period.

Research limitations/implications

The paper explains the development of the management framework and changes on the estate itself to inform the debate between policymakers, academic researchers and FM practitioners interested in the efficient use of central government assets.

Practical implications

The paper will help academics and practitioners understand the historic context within which they are working.

Social implications

The paper indicates how the Scottish Government has adapted its property assets to meet the needs of users.

Originality/value

The paper is an historic exposition of how public sector facility managers have adapted the management of the Scottish Government estate in Scotland to meet the needs of central government staff and the public to whom it provides wider services and considers how this illuminates wider FM issues.

Details

Journal of Facilities Management, vol. 14 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1472-5967

Keywords

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Book part
Publication date: 19 February 2021

Abstract

Details

Strategic Corporate Communication in the Digital Age
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80071-264-5

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Article
Publication date: 25 September 2009

Anthony Andrew

361

Abstract

Details

Journal of Facilities Management, vol. 7 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1472-5967

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Article
Publication date: 1 April 2004

Anthony Andrew and Michael Pitt

In 2003 HM Treasury published a revised “Green Book”, otherwise known as The Green Book Appraisal and Evaluation in Central Government – a technical guide, which is designed to…

1721

Abstract

In 2003 HM Treasury published a revised “Green Book”, otherwise known as The Green Book Appraisal and Evaluation in Central Government – a technical guide, which is designed to help decision makers appraise and evaluate capital expenditure decisions more effectively. Coincidentally, the RICS brought out its revised edition of the “Red Book”, now called The Appraisal and Valuation Standards, in March 2003. This paper looks at the development and recent changes to these documents particularly from the viewpoint of a public sector property practitioner involved in day‐to‐day appraisal.

Details

Journal of Property Investment & Finance, vol. 22 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1463-578X

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 2006

Anthony Andrew and Michael Pitt

To help facilities managers understand the origins and aims of the National Health Service (NHS) asset valuation and capital charging system, of the depreciated replacement cost…

1292

Abstract

Purpose

To help facilities managers understand the origins and aims of the National Health Service (NHS) asset valuation and capital charging system, of the depreciated replacement cost (DRC) approach to valuation, its strengths and weaknesses and how under devolution the Scottish Health Service is adapting DRC assumptions to meet multiple policy priorities.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper examines the history of the system since inception in 1989, as an accounting and FM tool, subsequent debates on problems arising from DRC valuation methodology and recent developments in the Scottish NHS.

Findings

The original aim of the capital charging system in 1989 was to adapt a primarily financial accounting system of asset registers to create a dynamic management system to inform facility managers of the opportunity cost of their assets, encourage them to sell obsolete assets and drive modernisation of the estate. In Scotland much modernisation has now occurred. Other issues have emerged to preoccupy managers such as sustainability, preservation in use of historic buildings and concern not to overburden health bodies with an inherited older estate with onerous charges.

Practical implications

The paper presents new historic material identifying trends in the health service and professional thinking. It continues the debate between FM and valuation professionals, central government clients and researchers. The debate has implications for other specialised public sector estates such as prisons, courts, roads and defence and specialised private sector estates valued on DRC.

Originality/value

The paper explains recent developments in the UK's NHS asset valuation methodology in Scotland, and the historic roots of the capital charging system.

Details

Facilities, vol. 24 no. 1/2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0263-2772

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Article
Publication date: 23 March 2012

Jeong-Ki Min, Rajesh Dhakal, Peter Moss, Andrew Buchanan and Anthony Abu

The fire resistance of precast prestressed concrete floor systems is heavily influenced by the end connections and the stiffness of the surrounding structure, both of which must…

85

Abstract

The fire resistance of precast prestressed concrete floor systems is heavily influenced by the end connections and the stiffness of the surrounding structure, both of which must be considered in any analysis. Analysing floor slabs with beam or shell elements whose end nodes share the nodes of supporting beams leads to a major problem for precast prestressed flooring systems where the steel tendons terminate at the end of the flooring units, because the approach of sharing nodes of the supporting beam and floor assumes that these tendons are anchored into the supporting beams. In order to solve this problem, a "multi-spring" connection element has been developed. Experimental data available from previous research work has been used to validate the finite element model. It is concluded that the inclusion of the multi-spring connection results in more accurate predictions of prestressed hollowcore slab behaviour in fire conditions.

Details

Journal of Structural Fire Engineering, vol. 3 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2040-2317

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Book part
Publication date: 19 February 2021

Ashley Butler, Mark Anthony Camilleri, Andrew Creed and Ambika Zutshi

This chapter presents a thorough review on the mobile learning concept. It also explores how businesses are using mobile learning (m-learning) technologies for the training and…

Abstract

This chapter presents a thorough review on the mobile learning concept. It also explores how businesses are using mobile learning (m-learning) technologies for the training and development of their human resources. The research involved semi-structured interviews and an online survey. The research participants were expected to share their opinions about the costs and benefits of using m-learning applications (apps). The findings reported that the younger course participants were more likely to embrace the m-learning technologies than their older counterparts. They were using different mobile devices, including laptops, hybrids as well as smartphones and tablets to engage with m-learning applications at work, at home and when they are out and about. This contribution has identified the contextual factors like the usefulness and the ease of use of m-learning applications (apps), individual learning styles and their motivations, time, spatial issues, integration with other learning approaches as well as the cost and accessibility of the m-learning technology. In conclusion, this contribution identifies future research avenues relating to the use of m-learning technologies among businesses and training organizations.

Details

Strategic Corporate Communication in the Digital Age
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80071-264-5

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 1 May 2006

Anthony Andrew and Michael Pitt

To examine the way the Government accounting and capital charging system allows for depreciation. Like the private sector, it is designed as an accounting measure of the…

2520

Abstract

Purpose

To examine the way the Government accounting and capital charging system allows for depreciation. Like the private sector, it is designed as an accounting measure of the consumption of assets. Unlike the private sector, it has no tax implications. Beyond accounting for asset consumption it does not seem to be a particularly useful tool of asset management. This professional paper examines the role of depreciation in the public sector, notes some shortcomings and asks whether its role could usefully be developed.

Design/methodology/approach

It examines the existing professional standards and guidelines within which public sector property managers work and looks at a selection of the literature on depreciation generally with a view to shedding light on public sector asset management.

Findings

Currently the utility of the measures of depreciation for asset managers is limited. With extra work and research, economic measures of depreciation could be devised which might provide a broad measure of the consumption of assets or the deterioration of larger portfolios of property that can be valued on a market basis.

Research limitations/implications

Further research should focus on the stability of the model when other portfolios are used and for different periods of the real estate cycle. It would also be fruitful to dig deeper in the relation between capital expenses and property values.

Practical implications

With further work measures of economic depreciation may be designed to provide broad indicators of the deterioration of large public sector portfolios of assets such as offices or housing.

Originality/value

Of interest to asset managers, public sector finance managers and researchers in this sphere who have to deal with the long‐term investment in non‐specialised public sector property portfolios.

Details

Journal of Property Investment & Finance, vol. 24 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1463-578X

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Article
Publication date: 25 July 2008

Anthony Andrew, Ian Murning, Michael Pitt and Matthew Tucker

The paper aims to examine the investment in Scotland's further education (FE) estate as an example of public sector capital investment. It looks at the sector's modernization…

233

Abstract

Purpose

The paper aims to examine the investment in Scotland's further education (FE) estate as an example of public sector capital investment. It looks at the sector's modernization, which has previously suffered from under‐investment, to provide a built environment that meets the educational requirements against a background of constrained resources.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper examines the historic legacy of the estate, the program to address the problem, issues arisen, solutions devised, assesses progress, and future development.

Findings

In 1999 the FE Estate in Scotland reflected decades of under‐investment. Local authority owners in the face of competing priorities allowed many buildings to deteriorate, often failing to meet modern health and safety requirements, wrongly configured, and sometimes incorrectly located. The investment program of the Scottish Funding Council has successfully started to arrest the deterioration in the estate, and in many places has achieved significant improvement through highly focused funding levering in substantial resources by way of commercial loans and recycled property receipts which have multiplied the impact of the SFC investment.

Research limitations/implications

The paper raises issues of how the public sector attempts to resolve competing policy objectives, with constrained resources and imperfect knowledge of future demands. Paper is descriptive with some analysis of problems and potential resolution. It highlights an opportunity for future quantitative work by researchers interested in optimizing capital allocation decisions under multiple constraints and imperfect knowledge by drawing attention to under researched source material in Scottish Government documents.

Originality/value

The paper presents fresh material on public sector capital investment. Primarily drawing on Scottish Government information sources, recent developments in the Scottish FE Sector are explained. Shows how the Scottish Government, its predecessor the Scottish Executive and the Scottish Funding Council have used modern tools of capital planning and estate management to improve the property legacy of a sector that has been short of investment for some decades.

Details

Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction, vol. 13 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1366-4387

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Article
Publication date: 21 September 2012

Anthony Andrew, Michael Pitt, Ian Murning, Shona Harper and Stephen Jones

The purpose of this paper is to provide an update on the work of the Scottish Government in modernising the Scottish compulsory purchase system by publishing two fresh circulars…

286

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide an update on the work of the Scottish Government in modernising the Scottish compulsory purchase system by publishing two fresh circulars to guide acquiring authorities and a number of other measures short of legislation. It is anticipated that this will be the first stage in a programme which will be followed by an examination of primary legislation by the Scottish Law Commission in its eighth programme of law reform.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper explains the current Scottish system with a brief historical review, comments on the new circulars and the intentions and aspirations that lie behind them.

Findings

The Scottish compulsory purchase system has not had the revisions of 1965 and 2004 implemented by its English neighbour. It still relies on the original 1845 legislation and circulars issued in 1976 and 1992. The new circulars are helpful to acquiring authorities, particularly those who use the system infrequently and are a useful updating and reference source for professional practitioners.

Research limitations/implications

This is a professional paper designed to draw attention to two new circulars and the policy thinking and aspirations underpinning them.

Social implications

Compulsory purchase processes strike the delicate balance between the private property rights of individuals and corporations, and the needs of the community to obtain and use land that may lie in private ownership. The paper introduces two circulars that affect that balance.

Originality/value

The paper introduces the new compulsory purchase circulars to practitioners undertaking compulsory purchase work and to those academics involved in this discipline.

Details

Journal of Facilities Management, vol. 10 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1472-5967

Keywords

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