Rebecca Mosson, Henna Hasson, Ulrica von Thiele Schwarz and Anne Richter
A common component in leadership interventions is the provision of feedback on leadership behaviors. The assumption is that, when there is a discrepancy in this feedback between…
Abstract
Purpose
A common component in leadership interventions is the provision of feedback on leadership behaviors. The assumption is that, when there is a discrepancy in this feedback between managers’ and others’ ratings of leadership, this will increase managers’ self-awareness and motivate them to close this gap. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how agreement between managers and their subordinates changes over time as a result of a leadership intervention.
Design/methodology/approach
Questionnaire data were collected from line managers (N=18) and their subordinates (N=640) at pre-intervention, post-intervention and at a six-month follow-up. The managers participated in a leadership intervention that aimed to increase their knowledge and skills related to the leadership behaviors described in the Full-Range Leadership Model. Inter-rater agreement and reliability were calculated to justify aggregating the subordinates’ ratings. The managers and their subordinates were grouped according to three agreement categories: in agreement, managers’ over-rating and managers’ under-rating based on the managers’ views of their leader behaviors in relation to their subordinates’.
Findings
Manager-subordinate agreement on the managers’ leadership increased between pre-intervention and post-intervention but then decreased at the six-month follow-up (17, 61 and 44 percent, respectively). Most managers (n=15) changed agreement categories over time, and only three managers remained in the same agreement category throughout. The subordinates’ mean leadership ratings changed more than the managers’ mean ratings.
Originality/value
This is the first study to explore how manager-subordinate agreement changes when managers participate in a leadership intervention in a health care context. It shows that an intervention that includes upward feedback, by which managers self-rating of their leadership is compared with their subordinates’ ratings, can be an effective way to increase agreement.
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Rapeepun Jommaroeng, Kerry Anne Richter, Aphichat Chamratrithirong and Amara Soonthorndhada
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effectiveness of the national HIV prevention outreach program for men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW).
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effectiveness of the national HIV prevention outreach program for men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW).
Design/methodology/approach
It examined changes in condom use, lubricant use, HIV testing and counseling (HTC) uptake and sexually transmitted infection (STI) screening uptake, as well as how and why changes did or did not occur. The study applied mixed methods of both quantitative and qualitative approaches.
Findings
There were 16,539 MSM, and TGW reached at least three times in the program during October 2011‒September 2012. The program was found to affect changes in condom use with steady partners (p<0.000), condom use with casual partners (p<0.000), water-based lubricant use (p<0.000), HTC uptake (p<0.000) and STIs screening uptake (p<0.000). Age and province of outreach are associated with HTC uptake and STI screening (p<0.000), slightly as well as gender identity (p<0.1). Gender identity and province of outreach are associated with condom use with steady partners (p<0.000). Gender identity (p<0.000) and sex work (p<0.05) are associated with the use of lubricant. The qualitative results showed that the program had an immediate effect on HTC and STIs screening due to successful bond between the outreach workers and their clients, leading to trust and influencing behavior change.
Originality/value
HIV prevention by peer educators continues to be proved the most effective method, assuming its program consistency. TGW are more vulnerable to MSM to protect themselves, and they have steady partners. Future program for MSM can be replicated and scaled up, but more empowerment component and self-esteem building should be integrated to target TGW.
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Anne Richter, Katharina Näswall, Nele De Cuyper, Magnus Sverke, Hans De Witte and Johnny Hellgren
The purpose of the present paper is to investigate how employees' coping (problem, emotion and avoidance focused coping) may affect the reactions to job insecurity. Because the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of the present paper is to investigate how employees' coping (problem, emotion and avoidance focused coping) may affect the reactions to job insecurity. Because the coping investigated in the present study addresses the stressor in different ways, the authors expect different moderating effects depending on the type of coping, which results in three different hypotheses.
Design/methodology/approach
A sample of 579 Swedish accountants was used to test these hypotheses via surveys.
Findings
The findings support the authors' assumptions that emotion focused coping weakened the relation of job insecurity and some of the outcomes. Both avoidance and problem focused coping strengthened the relation between job insecurity and some of the outcomes.
Research limitations/implications
As this study utilizes cross-sectional data and only one occupational group, it is important to test the relations using longitudinal data with different occupational groups in future research.
Practical implications
From these results some practical conclusions can be drawn as to which coping forms might be more beneficial, which can be helpful for organizations in order to develop intervention programs.
Originality/value
This study expanded the understanding of coping in the context of job insecurity by testing different forms of coping and including a variety of important outcomes of job insecurity.
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JAMES E. SKIPPER, Associate Librarian of Princeton University, provided an introductory statement on the Shared Cataloging Program, which is surely the greatest and most speedily…
Abstract
JAMES E. SKIPPER, Associate Librarian of Princeton University, provided an introductory statement on the Shared Cataloging Program, which is surely the greatest and most speedily implemented development in librarianship this century. The conference studied the international implications of this programme under the guidance of three other speakers. Mr Skipper briefly outlined the activities of LC in the matter of cataloguing, preceding and following the printing and distribution of catalogue cards in 1901. The attempt to improve the availability of cataloguing information, ‘cataloguing‐in‐source’ in 1958, was admirable in principle but too complex in practice. It was found that the larger academic and research libraries were able to obtain catalogue copy for only 35% to 50% of the titles added to their collections, because these books had not yet been catalogued by LC at the time copy was needed by another library. As about 16% of the total expenditure in other larger libraries goes on cataloguing, and it costs from three to six times as much to catalogue a book locally rather than using LC copy, and there are problems of obtaining and cataloguing books (especially those in foreign languages and unusual characters) from many countries, the Association of Research Libraries were encouraged to attack the problem of cataloguing again. The result was provision in the Higher Education Act of 1965 which authorized the appropriation of funds which could be transferred to LC for developing a more comprehensive cataloguing system. Thereby LC (a) became globally comprehensive in acquiring currently‐published materials of scholarly interest; (b) was to create a bibliographic record within three or four weeks after books were received; (c) was to distribute this bibliographic record by printed catalogue cards or by other means, i.e. in machine‐readable form.
For the first time since this series of annual reviews of the literature of special librarianship and information work began, the authorship has changed hands. It is fitting to…
Abstract
For the first time since this series of annual reviews of the literature of special librarianship and information work began, the authorship has changed hands. It is fitting to pay tribute to the skill with which Mr J. Bird has compiled this review each year and to express the hope that the same standards of selectivity and pragmatic appraisal set by Mr Bird will be maintained. The aim of the survey remains unchanged: to bring to the notice of librarians, particularly those in the smaller organizations, the more significant and practically useful books, pamphlets, and articles which appeared during the past year, or, more strictly, were received in the Aslib library during the past year. Experience of the types of inquiry most frequently received in the Aslib library has been particularly useful in determining the type of publication that could most profitably be included. As has been stressed in previous years, the survey is not intended to be used as a bibliographical tool, since this purpose is adequately served by other existing services, but rather as a guide to current reading.
This chapter examines the fur trade commodity frontier in northeastern North America as a contested periphery, involving an evolving process of conflict and cooperation between…
Abstract
This chapter examines the fur trade commodity frontier in northeastern North America as a contested periphery, involving an evolving process of conflict and cooperation between North American indigenous groups and European powers. Native people used European powers for help in their battles with other native groups, and European colonial authorities attempted to use native people as proxies in their attempts to make up for often low European populations in the various North American colonies. Within the colonies there were also splits between commercial/trading interests and more purely geostrategic concerns. This chapter will explore these various conflicts involving the Iroquois, English and French, and will consider how the trade's fundamental material, environmental and geographical structure shaped the evolution of this peripheral extractive political economy and the efforts of those in the core seeking to exploit the area's resources.
Joost Hoedemakers, Arne Vanderstukken, Jol Stoffers and Beatrice Van der Heijden
This paper explores whether relational leadership enhances nurses’ employability. An empirical study was conducted to investigate associations between relational leadership…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper explores whether relational leadership enhances nurses’ employability. An empirical study was conducted to investigate associations between relational leadership, perceived supervisory support, perceived opportunities for competence development and employability.
Design/methodology/approach
A serial mediation model was constructed to investigate our hypothesized relationships. We applied a two-wave panel design and collected self-reported survey data from 109 nurses who worked in a Dutch homecare organization. Relationships were tested using PLS-SEM.
Findings
Our findings suggest no direct association between relational leadership and employability. However, we found support for a serial mediation model, in which perceived supervisory support and perceived opportunities for competence development fully mediated the relationship between relational leadership and employability.
Research limitations/implications
This scholarly work contributes to the employability literature; a supervisor who fosters high-quality relationships with nurses communicates a willingness to support their development and provides them competence development opportunities, which, in turn, fosters nurses’ employability.
Practical implications
HR managers and supervisors in homecare organizations should create leadership development policies and practices that encourage relational leadership, particularly empowering leadership.
Originality/value
To the best of our knowledge, up until now, this study is the first to use supervisors’ relational leadership to predict employees’ employability.
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Yukang Wang, Anne Marie Van Broeck and Dominique Vanneste
In the recent decades, an increasing trend has been observed in the steps North Korea has taken to open up to tourism. The purpose of this paper is to gain a deeper understanding…
Abstract
Purpose
In the recent decades, an increasing trend has been observed in the steps North Korea has taken to open up to tourism. The purpose of this paper is to gain a deeper understanding of the influence the North Korean political ideology has on different aspects of international tourism.
Design/methodology/approach
Apart from the scarce academic literature, news media and internet resources, fieldwork that includes interviews with two international travel companies and a trip to North Korea contributed to gathering information from different perspectives.
Findings
It is not surprising that North Korean tourism cannot be divorced from its political context. By looking at the political influence exerted by the North Korean Government on the structure of the industry, tourism policies applied to the organization of tours and the content of tourism and marketing, this paper shows the existence of elements that remained unchanged in the last three decades, as well as new liberal elements that transform North Korea into a more open and versatile tourism destination.
Originality/value
Based on an analysis of primary and secondary data, this paper makes original contributions to North Korea tourism studies by investigating the influence of the political ideology on different aspects of tourism industry and on tourist experience.
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Lukman Hamdani, Sunarsih Sunarsih, Rizaldi Yusfiarto, Achmad Rizal and Annes Nisrina Khoirunnisa
This study aims to elaborate on the antecedents of muzakki (zakat payers) paying zakat (Islamic philanthropy) through institutions with social media arrangements, while the…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to elaborate on the antecedents of muzakki (zakat payers) paying zakat (Islamic philanthropy) through institutions with social media arrangements, while the drivers of social media engagement are used in the conceptual model with trust and intention.
Design/methodology/approach
Overall, the final sample of 230 respondents was obtained through the database of official zakat management institutions. Regarding analytical tools, this study combines the partial least square structural equation modelling and necessary condition analysis approaches to explore research findings.
Findings
The findings show that firm-generated information and trust play an important role directly and indirectly. At the same time, other constructions, such as social factors and user-based factors, provide variations in necessary conditions to increase the muzakki’s intention to channel their zakat through institutions.
Practical implications
Zakat institutions must focus on improving social media-based services by integrating important information, such as credibility and transparency, with muzakki’s preferences. Additionally, zakat information on social media must be attractively packaged and contain facilities that muzakki can use in communicating, such as; their opinions, suggestions and input. The findings, in general, underscore the attachment between muzakki and zakat institutions through social media, which can significantly impact the positive environment of zakat institutions.
Originality/value
To the author’s knowledge, this study is pioneering in conceptualizing and testing a theoretical model linking drivers of social media engagement, trust and intention to pay zakat through the institution, particularly in the levels of necessity.