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Article
Publication date: 15 March 2013

David Wilson and Elizabeth Yardley

This paper aims to respond to a number of pleas for interdisciplinary – or integrative – approaches to psychology and criminology in exploring the value of simultaneously applying…

1300

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to respond to a number of pleas for interdisciplinary – or integrative – approaches to psychology and criminology in exploring the value of simultaneously applying micro and macro analytical tools.

Design/methodology/approach

The study reported in this paper applies both the revised psychopathy checklist (PCL‐R) and structural analysis to the historical case of Mary Ann Cotton, a nineteenth century British serial killer.

Findings

Findings suggest that multi‐level approaches to analysis are valuable in developing holistic understandings into serial murder, which are appreciative of both the psychological characteristics of the individual offender and their location in the broader social and historical context. Micro analysis would now label Cotton a psychopath, but we need to broaden the analysis and to consider macro questions related to gender, poverty and the wider social structure in which Cotton operated.

Research limitations/implications

In the absence of an interview with the offender, this study has supplemented alternative materials and as such, prompts debate into the application of contemporary tools to historical cases.

Practical implications

The findings imply that the application of PCL‐R alongside structural analytical tools reveals more in‐depth and socially rooted insights into the study of historical cases of serial murder and as such, provide a valuable addition to both criminological and the psychological methodology frameworks.

Originality/value

This research prompts academic debate within psychology and criminology into the potential value of a combined, integrative approach to historical cases drawing upon both micro and macro analytical tools.

Details

Journal of Criminal Psychology, vol. 3 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2009-3829

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Article
Publication date: 1 August 1992

Richard Startup and Ann Wilson

In 1984 the United Kingdom Central Council for Nurses, Midwifery and Health Visiting (UKCC) convened a project group whose terms of reference were to examine the professional…

166

Abstract

In 1984 the United Kingdom Central Council for Nurses, Midwifery and Health Visiting (UKCC) convened a project group whose terms of reference were to examine the professional preparation of nurses, to consider possible modifications of the nurse's role in the light of the anticipated health needs of the 1990's and through into the next century and to make recommendations for changes in nurse education to prepare nurses better for their future role. Following consultation the UKCC summarised its proposals in the document Project 2000: A New Preparation for Practice (1986), which analysed future health needs and set out twenty‐five recommendations for the reform of professional practice. Since that time, given the progressive implementation of many of these recommendations, general nurse training has experienced considerable change, a central theme being the way in which existing roles in hospital settings have been modified and new roles introduced. This article is based on a sociological study of nurse socialisation in three Welsh nurse education centres which was undertaken with the aim of addressing issues in role theory while also analysing the problem areas which will need to be tackled if the objectives of Project 2000 are to be fully and successfully achieved.

Details

International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, vol. 12 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-333X

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Article
Publication date: 1 August 2006

Lesley‐Ann Wilson and Emily Boyle

This study aims to identify the extent of intended interorganisational collaboration in the implementation of management objectives at World Heritage Sites (WHSs). These sites…

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to identify the extent of intended interorganisational collaboration in the implementation of management objectives at World Heritage Sites (WHSs). These sites represent a unique management challenge in terms of the number and diversity of organisations involved both in terms of ownership and in the interface between the site and the wider tourism environment.

Design/methodology/approach

The research is based on content analysis of 12 management plans. Analysis focuses on the types and frequency of organisations involved in the joint implementation of sustainable tourism objectives. Ratio analysis is used to develop a ratio of collaboration which provides a measure of the numbers of organisations involved and the level of collaborative activity across sites.

Findings

There is higher commitment towards interorganisational collaboration at complex sites, comprising a range of attractions, compared with single‐focus sites. This was unsurprising, given that complex ownership of sites necessitates collaboration. However, when data relating to site owners was eliminated to reveal a truer picture of collaboration, the findings indicated that single‐focus sites were committed to jointly implementing a higher proportion of objectives compared with complex sites organisations. A number of mechanisms are in place to facilitate collaboration, but again, these are more prominent in the management plans of complex sites. The findings indicate that interorganisational collaboration is currently underutilised in the strategic management of WHSs.

Research limitations/implications

The study is exploratory, given that this is the first time that World Heritage Sites have had published management plans. Measuring comparative activity using ratio analysis is one‐dimensional. The research is also based on intended activity over the next five years and would need to be followed up by further research based on the reality of implemented objectives.

Originality/value

The study assesses the extent of intended interorganisational collaboration in the public‐sector context of WHSs and contributes to the literature in both areas of study.

Details

Leadership & Organization Development Journal, vol. 27 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0143-7739

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Book part
Publication date: 21 November 2016

Philip J. Corr, Neil McNaughton, Margaret R. Wilson, Ann Hutchison, Giles Burch and Arthur Poropat

Neuroscience research on human motivation in the workplace is still in its infancy. There is a large industrial and organizational (IO) psychology literature containing numerous…

Abstract

Neuroscience research on human motivation in the workplace is still in its infancy. There is a large industrial and organizational (IO) psychology literature containing numerous theories of motivation, relating to prosocial and productive, and, less so, “darker” antisocial and counter-productive, behaviors. However, the development of a viable over-arching theoretical framework has proved elusive. In this chapter, we argue that basic neuropsychological systems related to approach, avoidance, and their conflict, may provide such a framework, one which we discuss in terms of the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST) of personality. We argue that workplace behaviors may be understood by reference to the motivational types that are formed from the combination of basic approach, avoidance, and conflict-related personalities. We offer suggestions for future research to explore workplace behaviors in terms of the wider literature on the neuroscience of motivation.

Details

Recent Developments in Neuroscience Research on Human Motivation
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78635-474-7

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Article
Publication date: 11 February 2014

Mary McCarthy

The aim of this paper is to examine the nature of newspaper advertisements published in the Irish newspaper The Freeman's Journal. This is approached by examining the construction…

520

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this paper is to examine the nature of newspaper advertisements published in the Irish newspaper The Freeman's Journal. This is approached by examining the construction of a selection of printed advertisements, including the strategies used in each, which appeared in The Freeman's Journal between 1763 and 1924.

Design/methodology/approach

The central primary source used is The Freeman's Journal and the selected advertisements. A number of primary and secondary sources are employed in the analysis of the featured advertisements in respect to the format, language and marketing strategies used in each.

Findings

The case study finds that there were a number of constants in the advertisements examined, as well as a number of advertising strategies employed from the eighteenth century onward, that have more commonly been associated with the 1918 to 1939 interwar period. It also found that the use of illustrations did not solely depend on twentieth century printing advances, but that printing developments did much to expand and progress advertising in Ireland.

Originality/value

This case study explores a little researched area in Irish advertising history.

Details

Journal of Historical Research in Marketing, vol. 6 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1755-750X

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Article
Publication date: 1 August 2004

Lesley‐Ann Wilson and Emily Boyle

Because public service visitor attractions are increasingly under pressure to provide best value for money by generating revenue as well as offering a service their shops are…

3043

Abstract

Because public service visitor attractions are increasingly under pressure to provide best value for money by generating revenue as well as offering a service their shops are becoming more important in their operations. This article therefore looks at the performance of the shop of one new purpose built public service visitor attraction W5 in Belfast, Northern Ireland in order to identify the impact of a number of key factors, both controllable and uncontrollable, on it. The factors concerned were the nature of the target customers, the attraction's location and other locational issues and the public image of the shop. Having considered the impact of these factors on the performance of the shop the article examines the actions and decisions of the visitor attraction's management in its efforts to optimise the shop's performance.

Details

International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, vol. 16 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0959-6119

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Article
Publication date: 1 October 2004

Lesley‐Ann Wilson and Emily Boyle

Partnerships have become more prevalent in the delivery of public services, particularly in relation to non‐traditional sectors such as culture, arts and leisure. This paper…

2930

Abstract

Partnerships have become more prevalent in the delivery of public services, particularly in relation to non‐traditional sectors such as culture, arts and leisure. This paper presents a synthesis of research on partnerships and their relevance to local museums in the light of recent government policy. The relevance of partnerships to this sector is explored through a case study of four local authorities in Northern Ireland that partnered to form a regional museum service. Qualitative interviews revealed that despite the small scale of the partnership, a number of benefits have been delivered and that the partnership mechanism can work for organisations with little in the way of resources. Much of the success of the case study partnership can be attributed to the skills and leadership of the appointed member of staff. Further research is recommended to map the type, scope and purpose of museum partnerships in order to develop a typology for this sector and to evaluate current government policy.

Details

International Journal of Public Sector Management, vol. 17 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0951-3558

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Article
Publication date: 8 April 2014

David Best, Dan I. Lubman, Michael Savic, Ann Wilson, Genevieve Dingle, S. Alexander Haslam, Catherine Haslam and Jolanda Jetten

There is considerable literature indicating the importance of social connectedness and its relationship to wellbeing. For problem substance users, a similar literature emphasises…

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Abstract

Purpose

There is considerable literature indicating the importance of social connectedness and its relationship to wellbeing. For problem substance users, a similar literature emphasises the importance of the transition from a social network supportive of use to one that fosters recovery. Within this framework, the therapeutic community (TC) is seen as a critical location for adopting a transitional identity (i.e. from a “drug user” to a “member of the TC”), as part of the emergence of a “recovery identity” following treatment. The purpose of this paper is to outline a model for conceptualising and measuring identity based on the theories of social identity and recovery capital, and pilots this model within a TC setting.

Design/methodology/approach

A social identity mapping was used with TC residents to test their identification with “using” and “TC” groups, and their relationship to recovery capital.

Findings

The network mapping method was acceptable to TC residents, and provided valuable insights into the social networks and social identity of TC residents.

Research limitations/implications

This paper explores issues around mapping social identity and its potential in the TC and other residential settings.

Originality/value

The paper integrates a number of conceptual models to create a new framework for understanding transitions in social networks during treatment and reports on a novel measurement method underpinning this.

Details

Therapeutic Communities: The International Journal of Therapeutic Communities, vol. 35 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0964-1866

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Article
Publication date: 7 August 2007

Arash Shahin and Mohamed Zairi

The purpose of this paper is to enhance understanding of corporate governance (CG) in delivering excellence in corporate social responsibility (CSR).

10736

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to enhance understanding of corporate governance (CG) in delivering excellence in corporate social responsibility (CSR).

Design/methodology/approach

The paper demonstrates models of CG and the associated elements affecting CSR. It addresses the integration of CSR into management systems through a framework as a process‐based management system and studies the role of leadership style for socially responsible organizations. The paper develops a comprehensive questionnaire that enables organizations to audit their commitment to environment and social responsibility.

Findings

The paper reflects that CG encompasses different internal and external factors, by which management of organizations are influenced. This is also compatible with the new corporate community models, in which investors, the public, customers, employees and associated corporations have a mutual impact on management. The leadership style is also found to play an important role in socially responsible organizations. In this respect, transformational leader seems to be more effective, compared with manager and transactional leader. The paper suggests that organizations should audit their CG capabilities towards CSR, based on a proposed questionnaire in order to drive excellence in CSR.

Originality/value

The paper provides a comprehensive study to help understand key elements of CG and CSR and proposes a new questionnaire to organizations for assessing how far they are able to move towards socially responsible organizations.

Details

International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, vol. 24 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0265-671X

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1981

British Nutrition Foundation and British Diabetic Association

Recent research has suggested that the present diets prescribed for diabetics, while satisfactory up to a point, are nevertheless, not the most suitable, given today's sedentary…

365

Abstract

Recent research has suggested that the present diets prescribed for diabetics, while satisfactory up to a point, are nevertheless, not the most suitable, given today's sedentary lifestyle.

Details

Nutrition & Food Science, vol. 81 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0034-6659

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