Adam Fletcher, Angela Harden, Ginny Brunton, Ann Oakley and Chris Bonell
The limited evidence of effectiveness of existing teenage pregnancy strategies which focus on sex education, together with growing evidence that factors such as poor school ethos…
Abstract
Purpose
The limited evidence of effectiveness of existing teenage pregnancy strategies which focus on sex education, together with growing evidence that factors such as poor school ethos, disaffection, truancy, poor employment prospects and low expectations are associated with teenage pregnancy, has increased interest in interventions which target these “wider” social determinants. This paper aims to identify promising interventions and priorities for future research and to make recommendations for policy and practice in the UK.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper discusses the evidence regarding the potential of interventions which target determinants of teenage pregnancy relating to school disaffection and low expectations, drawing on recent systematic reviews and trials to consider future directions for research, policy and practice.
Findings
High‐quality research evidence illustrates the potential of two approaches to address determinants of teenage pregnancy relating to disaffection and low expectations. These are school‐ethos interventions, which aim to facilitate a positive and inclusive school‐ethos, strengthen school relationships and reduce disaffection; and targeted, intensive youth work interventions, which aim to promote positive expectations, vocational readiness and self‐esteem through vocational and life‐skills education, volunteering and work experience.
Practical implications
Two forms of intervention which address key social determinants of teenage pregnancy – school‐ethos interventions and targeted youth work interventions – require more attention from researchers and policy‐makers.
Originality/value
This paper calls for a shift in the research and policy agenda. In addition to interventions that aim to address proximal, individual factors, such as sexual health‐related knowledge, there should be a more complementary focus on socio‐environmental as well as targeted individual‐focused interventions aiming to address the wider social determinants of teenage pregnancy.
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Marinella Giunta and Aurora Angela Pisano
This paper proposes a new visco‐elastoplastic constitutive model for asphalt concretes able to reproduce the non linear time‐dependent behaviour of such materials.The constitutive…
Abstract
This paper proposes a new visco‐elastoplastic constitutive model for asphalt concretes able to reproduce the non linear time‐dependent behaviour of such materials.The constitutive model has been developed with the aim of making it fit specific experimental features previously observed. Moreover the proposed formulation will be demonstrated to be fully consistent with general thermodynamic requirements. Apart from a rigorous analytical formulation; a corresponding rheological sketch of the model is also given. From this representation, it can be shown that the model is essentially a combination of a generalized Maxwell model and a hardening visco‐plastic element.
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Macron won 66% of the vote versus Le Pen’s 34%, on a turnout of nearly 76% -- the second-lowest for a second-round election since 1965. Once Macron is sworn in (by May 14), his…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB220694
ISSN: 2633-304X
Keywords
Geographic
Topical
GERMANY: Berlin's stance on human rights could harden
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-ES261030
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
Topical
CYPRUS: New UN envoy will find positions have hardened
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-ES284873
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
Topical
While the election of Joe Biden will facilitate the return of a more trusting and cooperative German-US relationship, Trump’s actions and tone toward Western Europe and Germany in…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB258539
ISSN: 2633-304X
Keywords
Geographic
Topical
According to Beijing, Merkel and Macron showed their willingness to ratify quickly the EU-China Comprehensive Agreement on Investment (CAI). However, opposition to the CAI is…