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Article
Publication date: 27 January 2021

Angel Rawat, Raghu Piska, A. Rajagopal and Mokarram Hossain

This paper aims to present a nonlocal gradient plasticity damage model to demonstrate the crack pattern of a body, in an elastic and plastic state, in terms of damage law. The…

244

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to present a nonlocal gradient plasticity damage model to demonstrate the crack pattern of a body, in an elastic and plastic state, in terms of damage law. The main objective of this paper is to reconsider the nonlocal theory by including the material in-homogeneity caused by damage and plasticity. The nonlocal nature of the strain field provides a regularization to overcome the analytical and computational problems induced by softening constitutive laws. Such an approach requires C1 continuous approximation. This is achieved by using an isogeometric approximation (IGA). Numerical examples in one and two dimensions are presented.

Design/methodology/approach

In this work, the authors propose a nonlocal elastic plastic damage model. The nonlocal nature of the strain field provides a regularization to overcome the analytical and computational problems induced by softening constitutive laws. An additive decomposition of strains in to elastic and inelastic or plastic part is considered. To obtain stable damage, a higher gradient order is considered for an integral equation, which is obtained by the Taylor series expansion of the local inelastic strain around the point under consideration. The higher-order continuity of nonuniform rational B-splines (NURBS) functions used in isogeometric analysis are adopted here to implement in a numerical scheme. To demonstrate the validity of the proposed model, numerical examples in one and two dimensions are presented.

Findings

The proposed nonlocal elastic plastic damage model is able to predict the damage in an accurate manner. The numerical results are mesh independent. The nonlocal terms add a regularization to the model especially for strain softening type of materials. The consideration of nonlocality in inelastic strains is more meaningful to the physics of damage. The use of IGA framework and NURBS basis functions add to the nonlocal nature in approximations of the field variables.

Research limitations/implications

The method can be extended to 3D. The model does not consider the effect of temperature and the dissipation of energy due to temperature. The method needs to be implemented for more real practical problems and compare with experimental work. This is an ongoing work.

Practical implications

The nonlocal models are suitable for predicting damage in quasi brittle materials. The use of elastic plastic theories allows to capture the inelastic deformations more accurately.

Social implications

The nonlocal models are suitable for predicting damage in quasi brittle materials. The use of elastic plastic theories allows to capture the inelastic deformations more accurately.

Originality/value

The present work includes the formulation and implementation of a nonlocal damage plasticity model using an isogeometric discretization, which is the novel contribution of this paper. An implicit gradient enhancement is considered to the inelastic strain. During inelastic deformations, the proposed strain tensor partitioning allows the use of a distinct potential surface and distinct failure criterion for both damage and plasticity models. The use of NURBS basis functions adds to more nonlocality in the approximation.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 38 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

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Book part
Publication date: 21 November 2024

Swati Gupta, Navpreet Kaur Sidhu and Dixit Kalra

Disruptive technologies are transforming the insurance market, affecting individuals' and organizations' behavior and adaptability. Effective data utilization has become critical…

Abstract

Purpose

Disruptive technologies are transforming the insurance market, affecting individuals' and organizations' behavior and adaptability. Effective data utilization has become critical to success in the dynamic insurance sector.

Design/Methodology/Approach

The current research utilized electronic Scopus databases to include all pertinent prior studies. Employing cutting-edge technology, highlighting benefits, resolving challenges, identifying emerging trends, and identifying new practices, the study chapter explores how data practices alter the insurance industry.

Findings

The emergence of novel technologies, namely the Internet of Things, mobile devices, blockchains, cryptocurrencies, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and cognitive systems, alter the competitive environment on multiple fronts and at different stages. Insurance companies gain essential insights to enhance their decision-making procedures by addressing data accuracy, integration, and regulatory compliance.

Originality/Value

The overview highlights new developments that are radically changing the evolving domain of the insurance business, including augmented analytics, blockchain, predictive analytics, telematics, and ethical AI. This technology is being used so insurers can improve client happiness, handle risks more effectively, and stay competitive. The insurance industry achieves increased efficiency, stimulates innovation, and strategically uses data to strengthen resilience in today's data-centric economy.

Details

Data Alchemy in the Insurance Industry
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83608-583-6

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Article
Publication date: 15 July 2021

Miguel Ángel Gandarillas and Michael K. McCall

This work critiques the situation of the ecological and cultural heritage in many coastal territories and analyses how current land planning methodologies are responding to it…

208

Abstract

Purpose

This work critiques the situation of the ecological and cultural heritage in many coastal territories and analyses how current land planning methodologies are responding to it. The study builds a new integrated approach founded on ecocultural values and local knowledge as resources for an effective territorial planning and sustainable development.

Design/methodology/approach

The proposed framework was developed through: (1) analysing coastal planning needs and problems in European coastal areas; (2) identifying ecocultural values, including local knowledge, in such areas; (3) selecting best approaches and tools in spatial planning; (4) applying the selected planning approaches to use ecocultural values as resources for spatial planning and sustainable development; and (5) validating the final methodology.

Findings

A dynamic approach for maritime-land planning was developed projecting coastal waters and river basins as strategic drivers for sustainable development, based on the natural capacity of water to shape and integrate the ecological and cultural territory. A participatory governance planning methodology supports the new articulations of space based on ecocultural value chains and networks as synergistic vectors, focusing on local knowledge as psychosocial capital for a collective mapping of cultural, historical, social, economic and ecological values into ecocultural littoral plans.

Originality/value

The results show the potentials of combining new approaches applying cultural and ecological heritage into an effective strategy of integration between society and territory as a powerful driver for effective sustainable planning and development.

Details

Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, vol. 13 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2044-1266

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Book part
Publication date: 8 October 2020

Peter Shackleford

Abstract

Details

A History of the World Tourism Organization
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78769-797-3

Available. Content available
Book part
Publication date: 10 December 2021

Lyndsay M.C. Hayhurst, Holly Thorpe and Megan Chawansky

Free Access. Free Access

Abstract

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Sport, Gender and Development
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83867-863-0

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Article
Publication date: 20 November 2017

Raj Kumar Bhardwaj and Sanjay Kumar

The purpose of this paper is to understand the perception of visually impaired undergraduate students about the digital environment in their institutions and develop an online…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to understand the perception of visually impaired undergraduate students about the digital environment in their institutions and develop an online information system suiting their requirements.

Design/methodology/approach

A survey was conducted on undergraduate students enrolled in ten colleges of the University of Delhi. A total of 95 visually impaired students were interviewed individually. Data collected from the respondents were analyzed and interpreted using simple percentage method and is presented in the form of figures.

Findings

The study found that maximum (35.8 percent) respondents access online electronic resources daily. Major constraints faced by them are as follows: inaccessibility of the college notice board, lack of accessibility to existing facilities and resources, lack of assistive technology facilities and unavailability of readers and writers. In total, 51.6 percent respondents indicated that it is cumbersome to access the college website because they are not designed according to the accessibility standards developed for visually impaired students. The respondents also revealed that they are not very familiar with useful devices like Vachak (Hindi Reading Device), SARA CE, Lex (Scanner for Hindi Script). The major reason cited by them is the lack of training and non-availability of trained staff.

Research limitations/implications

DigitVaran contains course contents of the University of Delhi. Course contents of other Universities are not included. However, it is expected that contents related to the syllabi of other universities would be added in future.

Practical implications

The study will help visually impaired students to get the desired course contents conveniently. In addition, librarians of other universities can utilize the findings of the study to develop a comprehensive digital environment for visually impaired students. The study can be helpful in the assessment of digital infrastructure and services to visually impaired students by National Assessment and Accreditation Council and other funding agencies.

Originality/value

The study developed an information system DigitVaran to assist visually impaired undergraduate students in India. The system will help them to access the study materials and make aware of various extracurricular activities of the institutions.

Details

Library Hi Tech, vol. 35 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0737-8831

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Article
Publication date: 20 April 2023

Fatemeh Goodarzi, Kavitha Palaniappan, Manikam Pillay and Mahmoud Ershadi

Exposure to poor indoor air in refurbished buildings is a matter of health concern due to the growing concentrations of various contaminants as a result of building airtightness…

290

Abstract

Purpose

Exposure to poor indoor air in refurbished buildings is a matter of health concern due to the growing concentrations of various contaminants as a result of building airtightness without amendment of ventilation, or the use of building materials such as glue, paint, thinner and varnishes. Recent studies have been conducted to measure indoor air pollutants and assess the health risks affecting the quality of life, productivity and well-being of human beings. However, limited review studies have been recently conducted to provide an overview of the state of knowledge. This study aims to conduct a scoping review of indoor air quality (IAQ) in the context of refurbished or energy-retrofitted buildings.

Design/methodology/approach

A systematic screening process based on the PRISMA protocol was followed to extract relevant articles. Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar and PubMed were searched using customised search formulas. Among 276 potentially relevant records, 38 studies were included in the final review covering a period from 2015 to 2022.

Findings

Researchers mapped out the measured compounds in the selected studies and found that carbon dioxide (CO2) (11%) and total volatile organic compounds (11%) were among the most commonly measured contaminants. Two trends of research were found including (1) the impact of ventilative properties on IAQ and (2) the impact of introducing building materials on IAQ.

Originality/value

The contribution of this study lies in summarising evidence on IAQ measurements in refurbished buildings, discussing recent advancements, revealing significant gaps and limitations, identifying the trends of research and drawing conclusions regarding future research directions on the topic.

Details

Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, vol. 14 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2046-6099

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Article
Publication date: 30 August 2021

Som Sekhar Bhattacharyya

The purpose of this paper was to ascertain how social entrepreneurs were required to recognize their new ventures’ scope and scale of operations. The firm boundary was based upon…

297

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper was to ascertain how social entrepreneurs were required to recognize their new ventures’ scope and scale of operations. The firm boundary was based upon two dimensions, namely, the scope of the offering and its scale. The objective of this research was to ascertain the thinking regarding this of social entrepreneurs engaged through technology-based social entrepreneurship (TBSE).

Design/methodology/approach

This study conducted an in-depth interview of 26 technology entrepreneurs engaged in social entrepreneurship ventures in India. The interview was carried out based upon a semi-structured open-ended questionnaire. This study undertook thematic and relational content analysis to develop a model of technology-based social entrepreneurs’ venture scoping and scaling.

Findings

This study found that the antecedent variables were the level of support perceived by social entrepreneur from government and at the industry level. Furthermore, the variables’ entrepreneurial and market orientation of social entrepreneurs were found to be the independent variables. These four variables in turn determined the explorative and exploitative horizon of the technology-based social entrepreneurs. Finally, an interplay of these variables ascertained the perspectives of social entrepreneurs engaged in TBSE regarding the notion of their firm’s scope and scale.

Research limitations/implications

The theoretical insights developed in this research study provided an integrated theoretical perspective accommodating both environmental perspectives (industry support and government support) and organizational perspectives (entrepreneurial and market aspects). This was in context of TBSE.

Practical implications

The insights from this research study could provide a robust and comprehensive understanding to social entrepreneurs regarding the strategic thinking towards scale and scope for a technology-based social venture.

Originality/value

To the best of the author’s knowledge, this study was one of the first theoretical works in TBSE towards scaling versus scoping perspectives.

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Article
Publication date: 2 September 2019

Jean Raar, Meropy Barut and Mohammad Istiaq Azim

The purpose of this paper is to re-kindle debate about finding a conceptual and pragmatic basis for accounting and accountability researchers and to incorporate biodiversity…

909

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to re-kindle debate about finding a conceptual and pragmatic basis for accounting and accountability researchers and to incorporate biodiversity management into the internal practices, routines and communication of organizations.

Design/methodology/approach

A qualitative interplay of theories, particularly structuration theory, applied to an interdisciplinary, communitarian and eco-centric perspective will be used to demonstrate the need for change: for researchers and practitioners to interact with other disciplines and adapt their professional, institutional and governance practices to incorporate biodiversity management and reporting within organizational structures.

Findings

Collective community action can be undertaken by aligning physical biodiversity and its setting with the interrelationship between external information structures, accountability and internal information structures, agent behaviour and the reporting of outcomes. This should assist in reducing the loss of species and richness triggered by unsound economic decision-making.

Practical implications

This is perhaps one of the few accounting studies which discuss theoretical frameworks for the integration of accounting/accountability systems and biological diversity information through a conceptual rethinking.

Social implications

This should assist in reducing the loss of species and richness triggered by unsound economic decision-making.

Originality/value

This paper re-opens the debate regarding the need for an alternative conceptual approach through which biodiversity management can be incorporated into the complexities of business interactions, and the social and natural systems, by using management accounting as a primary vehicle. This is perhaps one of the few accounting studies which discuss theoretical frameworks for the integration of accounting/accountability systems and biological diversity information through a conceptual rethinking.

Details

Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, vol. 11 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2040-8021

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Article
Publication date: 21 November 2023

Bhoomika N. Jadhav, P. Padma Sri Lekha, E.P. Abdul Azeez, Jyoti Sharma, Archana Yadav and Mufina Begam J.

Gender discrimination exists in various settings globally and harms women’s mental health. This study aims to understand the impact of gender discrimination on hopelessness and…

171

Abstract

Purpose

Gender discrimination exists in various settings globally and harms women’s mental health. This study aims to understand the impact of gender discrimination on hopelessness and emotional vulnerability. Further, we attempted to determine whether benevolent childhood experiences (BCEs) moderate the relationships of gender discrimination with hopelessness and emotional vulnerability.

Design/methodology/approach

Data from 445 young women from India was gathered from a cross-sectional survey. Measures included gender discrimination inventory, Beck’s hopelessness inventory, emotional vulnerability scale and BCE scale.

Findings

Results yielded a significant positive association of gender discrimination with hopelessness and emotional vulnerability. BCEs were negatively related to hopelessness, emotional vulnerability and gender discrimination. Further, gender discrimination predicted increased feelings of hopelessness and emotional vulnerability. However, BCEs do not neutralize the effect of gender discrimination.

Social implications

It is evident from this study that gender discrimination exists independent of socioeconomic class, domicile and educational qualification, taking a toll on women’s well-being and mental health. Incorporating attitudinal changes at the community and societal level in reducing gender norms responsible for negative outcomes will allow women to function to their full capacity and experience improved mental health.

Originality/value

The research on gender discrimination and its impact on women’s mental health is limited, especially exploring the role of BCEs. Previous studies have indicated that BCEs have protective roles in neutralizing adversities. However, the present study uniquely contributes to establishing the limited role of BCEs in the context of gender discrimination, though it contributes to mental health. The policy and psychosocial implications of the study are discussed.

Details

Mental Health and Social Inclusion, vol. 28 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2042-8308

Keywords

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