Introduces a research strategy designed to provide explanations for a phenomenon of biological structures in the universe. Indicates that the work is related to cosmic…
Abstract
Introduces a research strategy designed to provide explanations for a phenomenon of biological structures in the universe. Indicates that the work is related to cosmic anthropoecology and outlines aspects of the research. Based on the hypothesis of the physical function of living structures that belong to the ecosystem of the Earth a new concept is introduced. The research is at present presented as “purely argumentative” with an attempt to apply a systems approach to a well debated subject.
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In this work, which is purely argumentative, the author has made an attempt to apply a system approach to explain a phenomenon of biological structures in the universe. The…
Abstract
In this work, which is purely argumentative, the author has made an attempt to apply a system approach to explain a phenomenon of biological structures in the universe. The suggested approach leads to a hypothesis of the physical function of the Earth’s ecosystem biota as a participant to a large‐scale non‐linear dynamic process which is the universe itself within the frames of the thermodynamics of the non‐equilibrium systems. The hypothesis is substantiated by the anthropic argumentation of cosmology but implemented through finding system links in conceptualizations and data of other sciences. The consequence of this hypothesis can facilitate the development of a general principle of the global ecology strategy.
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This purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of carbon fiber (CF) and/or glass fiber (GF) fillers on the tribological behaviors of ultrahigh-molecular-weight…
Abstract
Purpose
This purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of carbon fiber (CF) and/or glass fiber (GF) fillers on the tribological behaviors of ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composites to develop a high-performance water-lubricated journal bearing material.
Design/methodology/approach
Tribological tests were conducted using a pin-on-disc tribometer using polished GCr15 steel pins against the UHMWPE composite discs under dry conditions with a contact pressure of 15 MPa and a sliding speed of 0.15 m/s. Scanning electron microscopy, laser 3D micro-imaging profile measurements and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry were used to analyze the morphologies and elemental distributions of the worn surfaces.
Findings
The results showed that hybrid CF and GF fillers effectively improved the wear resistance of the composites. The fiber fillers decreased the contact area, promoted transfer from the polymers and decreased the interlocking and plowing of material pairs, which contributed to the reduction of both the friction coefficient and the wear rate.
Originality/value
The UHMWPE composite containing 12.5 Wt.% CF and 12.5 Wt.% GF showed the best wear resistance of 2.61 × 10−5 mm3/(N·m) and the lower friction coefficient of 0.12 under heavy loading. In addition, the fillers changed the worn surface morphology and the wear mechanism of the composites.