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1 – 8 of 8Andrew Bradly, Marina Iskhakova and Dana L. Ott
The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the key risks and challenges of Short-Term Study Abroad (STSA), so higher education practitioners and global…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the key risks and challenges of Short-Term Study Abroad (STSA), so higher education practitioners and global mobility providers can design effective and safe STSA programmes. The Institute of International Education defines STSA as programmes of up to eight weeks in length, with this standard now widely accepted by both practitioners and scholars (Iskhakova and Bradly, 2022).
Design/methodology/approach
This study draws from a comprehensive review of STSA risks literature, cases of published “incidents”, “safety practices”, “risk lists” and examples by global mobility professionals. The paper also draws upon the extensive practical experiences that the authors have acquired through their management of risks while delivering numerous STSA international business programmes for undergraduate students across seven different global destinations (India, USA, UAE, Russia, Croatia, Slovenia and Vietnam).
Findings
Through the analysis, the authors identify 42 types of risks and challenges that may be encountered in the delivery of STSA programmes that we group into 12 categories.
Practical implications
The results serve as an effective guide for planning, designing and delivering effective and safe STSA programmes for global mobility practitioners worldwide. The authors also provide an agenda and specific directions for future research on the topic to global mobility scholars.
Originality/value
For those designing STSA programmes, an in-depth understanding of the nature and range of risks during study tours is needed, including how to ensure in-country experiences are safe for all participants while achieving the intended learning outcomes.
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Andrew Bradly and Ganesh Nathan
This paper aims to introduce the concept of institutional CSR and explains its antecedents, key characteristics and the potential implications arising from private firms providing…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to introduce the concept of institutional CSR and explains its antecedents, key characteristics and the potential implications arising from private firms providing public goods and services in developing economies.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper conceptualises institutional CSR using key insights from institutional theory along with legitimacy theory. It integrates the antecedents of CSR at the state and society levels and shows how firms may respond to these antecedents within an integrated institutional CSR framework.
Findings
The paper derives six distinct characteristics of institutional CSR and presents a conceptual model to inform how institutional CSR occurs in practice.
Practical implications
This paper brings to the attention the need for private firms that undertake institutional CSR activities to engage more closely with the state to ensure better societal outcomes.
Social implications
The paper identifies the importance of resource coordination between the state and the firm for the efficient and effective provision of public goods and services. Without such coordination, moral hazard, resource imbalances and long-term viability concerns pose a risk for institutional CSR activities. It furthermore highlights important implications for societal governance.
Originality/value
The paper makes an important contribution to the literature on CSR practices within developing economies by conceptualising institutional CSR in providing public goods and services.
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Andrew Bradly and Marina Iskhakova
The purpose of this paper is to serve as a comprehensive review of short-term study abroad (STSA) outcomes to help guide future STSA and study abroad (SA) scholars and…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to serve as a comprehensive review of short-term study abroad (STSA) outcomes to help guide future STSA and study abroad (SA) scholars and practitioners in the further development of the field.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper is the first comprehensive and systematic review of all outcomes of STSA programs within the SA body of research based on 156 papers.
Findings
The study provides the first comprehensive classification of all previously studied STSA outcomes (85) into six categories: cross-cultural outcomes, STSA pedagogy outcomes, personal and professional outcomes; language outcomes; teacher and faculty outcomes; and other outcomes. Distinct sub-categories are identified that provide insights on the current landscape of STSA and related research.
Research limitations/implications
This study makes a significant contribution to the theory and practice of SA, and among the key contributions are a systematic understanding of the scale and scope of STSA outcomes; insights on the most efficient design of future STSA programs; and an expanded understanding of the role and importance of STSA programs in international education. Furthermore, a comprehensive STSA outcomes map develops an extensive research agenda.
Social implications
While the COVID-19 pandemic currently limits the opportunities for STSA, given its previous popularity, the authors envisage a strong return in the coming years of this form of affordable and valuable global learning. STSA programs have become an important component of higher education and which require considerable resources from participants and educational institutions alike. Therefore, further research is needed to understand the impacts of STSA programs and to further improve program design. Such research will serve to better inform both academic understanding of the phenomenon and educational practice.
Originality/value
The study provides the first comprehensive classification of all studied STSA outcomes.
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This paper aims to argue that the rationale for community investment in developing countries is broader and more complex than in the West, and that the usual drivers of corporate…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to argue that the rationale for community investment in developing countries is broader and more complex than in the West, and that the usual drivers of corporate social responsibility (CSR) behaviour are less explicit and robust in these settings.
Design/methodology/approach
Development of descriptive theory using the results of a qualitative study of 42 firms in Fiji’s tourism industry. The primary data were derived from in-depth interviews with senior managers about their firm’s CSR values and practices. This paper focuses on one aspect of CSR practice, community investment, and provides a comparative analysis of the results from the interview data.
Findings
The paper presents evidence that shows that the rationale for engaging with and supporting local communities is more concerned with long-term sustainability than short-term profitability. The findings reveal that issues of legitimacy, interdependence and risk management are important strategic reasons for undertaking community investment.
Research limitations/implications
The paper adds to theoretical understanding of the nature of CSR practices in developing countries. In particular, it reveals the importance of institutional factors in community investment decision-making and argues for an expanded theory of the business-case for CSR.
Originality/value
This research adds to the growing number of developing-country case studies by focusing on a region that has been largely absent from empirical CSR research.
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Clive Long, Rachel West, Samantha Rigg, Rebecca Spickett, Lynne Murray, Paul Savage, Sarah Butler, Swee-Kit Stillman and Olga Dolley
– The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of measures designed to increase physical activity in women in secure psychiatric care.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of measures designed to increase physical activity in women in secure psychiatric care.
Design/methodology/approach
A range of interventions (environmental and motivational) designed to increase participation in physical activities were introduced on two secure wards for women. A pre-post design assessed frequency, duration and intensity of physical activity, attendance at physical activity sessions, exercise motivation, exercise-related mood, attitudes to exercise and health and biological indices. Measures collected over a three-month baseline period were repeated six months post-intervention.
Findings
Significant changes occurred in both attitudes to exercise and health, exercise motivation and exercise behaviour following change initiatives. With the exception of resting pulse rate and perceived exertion, the increased level of activity was not reflected in changes in body mass index, body fat or body muscle.
Practical implications
Management led, multi-disciplinary interventions to increase physical activity can have a positive impact on both lifestyle behaviours and physical health.
Originality/value
This study adds to a small literature on increasing physical activity in women in secure psychiatric settings where obstacles to change are formidable.
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The aims of this paper are to explore the rise of cyberhate on the Zoom video conferencing platform at the outset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and to…
Abstract
Purpose
The aims of this paper are to explore the rise of cyberhate on the Zoom video conferencing platform at the outset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and to examine victimized cases of Zoombombing where it was used as a cyberhate tool. The COVID-19 pandemic has not only impacted our lives and modes of working and studying, but also created new environments for cybercriminals to engage in cybercrime, cyberhate and hacking by exploiting tools such as Zoom. This new phenomenon called “Zoombombing” was first reported in mid-March 2020, when the social distancing and stay-at-home policies in the United States were nationally introduced.
Design/methodology/approach
This research conducted a news media content analysis on cases of Zoombombing. To conduct this analysis empirically, a dataset with all of the reported Zoombombing cases from March to April 2020 was created. Google Trends, news media and tweets were used to analyze Zoombombing as a form of cyberhate, particularly digital racism.
Findings
The results reveal prevalent Zoom-mediated racism toward Asian Americans, African Americans and Jewish Americans. This study understands Zoombombing from a sociopolitical/cultural perspective through news reporting of victimized cases and explores various ways that Zoombombing shapes, mediates, transforms and escalates racism.
Originality/value
This study is one of the very first studies to analyze Zoombombing in a way that builds upon an emerging body of literature on cyberhate. This paper considers Zoom as a space where curious young people, cybercriminals, extremists and hackers impose their ideologies and beliefs upon newly established online learning and working environments and engage in a struggle for identity recognition in the midst of increasingly accessible vulnerable software and cyberspace.
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