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Article
Publication date: 6 February 2017

Karmen Godic Torkar, Andrej Kirbiš, Stanka Vadnjal, Majda Biasizzo, An Galicic and Mojca Jevšnik

The purpose of this paper is to study the microbiological quality of raw milk delivered by 17 vending machines (VM) owned by different Slovenian milk producers.

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study the microbiological quality of raw milk delivered by 17 vending machines (VM) owned by different Slovenian milk producers.

Design/methodology/approach

For the determination of hygiene-technical conditions of VM, an observation list that included criteria for estimation of hygiene-technical suitability was made. A total of 51 milk samples were collected in three different seasons. The swabs and the cleaning liquid (eluates) of dispensing nozzles and chambers were also sampled. The main groups of microorganisms were determined by colony count technique according to international standards in all collected samples.

Findings

The aerobic colony count was higher than 100,000 CFU/mL in 20 (39.2 per cent) of milk samples. Its mean value was 4.8 log10 CFU/mL. The mean values of Enterobacteriaceae, psychrotrophic microorganisms, lipolytes, proteolytes, yeasts and moulds together, coagulase-positive staphylococci and somatic cell count were 3.3 log10 CFU/mL, 4.1 log10 CFU/mL, 3.2 log10 CFU/mL, 3.9 log10 CFU/mL, 2.2 log10 CFU/mL, 2.8 log10 CFU/mL and 5.3 log10 cells/mL, respectively. E. coli was found in 33.3 per cent of milk samples, while Listeria monocytogenes and antibiotics were not detected. The inner surface contamination of the dispensing nozzles and chambers was estimated in the range from 1.8 log10 CFU to 6.0 log10 CFU/cm2. The presence of detergents and disinfectants in supply valve eluates was determined in more than one-third of the samples. The hygienic-technical conditions of observed VM show some deviations from specified hygienic-technical requirements which could influence the safety of raw milk.

Research limitations/implications

The data about construction and the cleaning practice of VM, included in the experiment, were not available during the inspection facility.

Originality/value

In the paper the pathogenic and also the spoilage microorganisms in milk in the combination with hygienic conditions of inside surfaces of VM were studied.

Details

British Food Journal, vol. 119 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0007-070X

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Book part
Publication date: 30 November 2020

Mohamed Ayoobkhan and Mubarak Kaldeen

It is an unfortunate truth that hotel industries are sometimes behind the curve when it comes to adopting the latest technology. In the competitive environment of the hotel…

Abstract

It is an unfortunate truth that hotel industries are sometimes behind the curve when it comes to adopting the latest technology. In the competitive environment of the hotel industry, a sophisticated portfolio of information systems applications and high-quality information technology infrastructure play a key role in hotel performance in the world. The purpose of this research was to explore the impact of Diffusion of Innovation Theory and Technological, Organizational, and Environmental factors and business benefits of cloud computing adoption on the hotel sectors’ competitive capabilities. Previous studies in Asian countries have shown that adoption of cloud computing is significantly beneficial in hotel businesses. Having that this research study sough to explain the impact of cloud computing adoption using security concerns, top management support, cost saving, and competitive pressure relative advantages. The study was conducted among randomly selected 30 star graded hotels in Sri Lanka. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed among managerial and ICT professionals who were capable of making ICT decisions. The results of the data analysis revealed that cloud computing adoption level is still low among star hotels in Sri Lanka and Security Concerns, Top Management Support, Cost Saving, Competitive Pressure, and Relative Advantages are having significant impact on cloud computing adoption in the hotel sector in Sri Lanka.

Details

The Emerald Handbook of ICT in Tourism and Hospitality
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83982-689-4

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Article
Publication date: 6 April 2012

Meghna Rishi and Sanjaya S. Gaur

This paper attempts to identify the emerging themes that can shed light on the sales and marketing issues and challenges being faced by global hospitality organizations.

4991

Abstract

Purpose

This paper attempts to identify the emerging themes that can shed light on the sales and marketing issues and challenges being faced by global hospitality organizations.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper utilizes a multi‐method approach for data collection. A thorough literature review, a focus group and personal interviews were conducted to explore the themes and construct a tentative thematic web. Publicly accessible secondary data in the form of customer reviews were drawn from world's leading web site – Tripadvisor.com. A total of 702 reviews of the customers of luxury hotels from the world's top two tourist destinations – France and USA – were analyzed, using thematic analysis. Customers' perspective is juxtaposed with industry's perspective to offer insights on the sales and marketing issues and challenges being faced by hospitality organizations globally.

Findings

Marketing challenges, namely personalization/customization of services, service management, creating a strong parent brand, under‐utilization of the social media and diverting tourists from heritage properties, are identified as some of the key emerging sales and marketing issues and challenges faced by the global hospitality industry.

Practical implications

Analytically identified themes in this research paper provide valuable insights on issues and challenges related to sales and marketing for the policy makers and practitioners from the hospitality industry. Findings are based on the analyses of real customer data from the world's leading tourist destinations. This makes the paper very valuable for both practitioners in the hospitality industry around the globe as well as for academic researchers working in this area.

Originality/value

This work is unique in nature because the authors did find any scholarly work addressing such an important issue. Use of real customer data and thematic analysis – a widely used qualitative analytic method for a scholarly study – in the hospitality field, enhances its value and contributes to the field by opening up avenues for further scholarly explorations and investigations.

Details

Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, vol. 4 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1755-4217

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 1 April 2024

Jing Liu, Huiwen Mai, Xinyuan Zhao and Zhirui Zhou

The advent of the postpandemic era has brought renewed attention to the development of business tourism. However, the existing research on business tourism is fragmented, and…

340

Abstract

Purpose

The advent of the postpandemic era has brought renewed attention to the development of business tourism. However, the existing research on business tourism is fragmented, and there are gaps in the current understanding of the subject. This study aims to identify the intellectual structures, current hotspots and research directions in the business tourism field from 1994 to 2023.

Design/methodology/approach

A bibliometric visual analysis using VOSviewer was conducted to assimilate the available knowledge from 136 business tourism-related articles collected in the WoS Core Collection database between 1994 and 2023.

Findings

The results indicate that the number of business tourism-related research fluctuates, but the overall trend is gradually increasing. It synthesizes four main research themes, which are tourist behavior, destination marketing, information technology and work-family interferences of business travelers.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is among the first to systematically review business tourism publications over the past 29 years. It assists scholars in gaining a more comprehensive understanding of business tourism research and informs future research directions.

目的

后疫情时代的到来使得商务旅游的发展再次受到关注。然而, 目前的商务旅游研究是零散的, 我们对与这一主题的理解存在空白。本研究旨在确定19942023年商务旅游相关领域的知识结构、当前热点和研究方向。

设计/方法/途径

本研究使用VOSviewer进行了文献计量学可视化分析, 以吸收从Web of Science(WOS)核心合集数据库中收集的136 篇1994年至2023年间的商务旅游相关文章中的可用知识。

研究结果

结果表明, 与商务旅游相关的研究数量呈现出波动但总体逐渐增加的趋势。其中包括四个主要的研究主题, 分别是游客行为、目的地营销、信息技术和商务旅行者的工作与家庭。

原创性/价值

本研究系统回顾了过去29年间与商务旅游相关的出版物。从而有助于学者们对商务旅游研究有更全面地了解, 并获得未来的研究方向。

Objetivo (límite 100 palabras)

El advenimiento de la era postpandemia ha renovado la atención prestada al desarrollo del turismo de negocios. Sin embargo, la investigación existente sobre el turismo de negocios está fragmentada y existen lagunas en la comprensión actual del tema. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo identificar las estructuras intelectuales, los focos actuales y las direcciones de investigación en el ámbito del turismo de negocios desde 1994 hasta 2023.

Diseño/metodología/enfoque (límite 100 palabras)

Se realizó un análisis visual bibliométrico utilizando VOSviewer para asimilar el conocimiento disponible en 136 artículos relacionados con el turismo de negocios recogidos en la base de datos WoS Core Collection entre 1994 y 2023.

Conclusiones (límite 100 palabras)

Los resultados indican que el número de investigaciones relacionadas con el turismo de negocios fluctúa, pero la tendencia general es a aumentar gradualmente. Se sintetizan cuatro temas principales de investigación: el comportamiento del turista, el marketing de destinos, la tecnología de la información y las interferencias trabajo-familia de los viajeros de negocios.

Originalidad/valor (límite 100 palabras)

Este estudio es uno de los primeros que revisa sistemáticamente las publicaciones sobre turismo de negocios de los últimos 29 años. Ayuda a los investigadores a obtener una comprensión más completa de la investigación sobre el turismo de negocios y sugiere futuras líneas de investigación.

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Article
Publication date: 8 February 2016

Meghna Rishi and Gaurav Joshi

The purpose of this study is to identify the emerging challenges that are faced by branded budget hotels in India. The paper aims to do this by exploring the expectations as well…

1875

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to identify the emerging challenges that are faced by branded budget hotels in India. The paper aims to do this by exploring the expectations as well as challenges faced by the customers and hospitality managers of branded budgets hotels in India.

Design/methodology/approach

Utilizing a multi-method approach, data were collected through literature review, eight in-depth interviews and 422 customer reviews. Thematic analysis using the hybrid approach brings out the challenges faced by hospitality managers of branded budget hotels in India.

Findings

Hospitality managers face the following challenges – dipping gross operating profits, higher global distribution systems productivity for international hotel brands, location constraints, high royalty structures for management contracts, regulatory issues, business poaching and unorganized growth, bureaucracy among vendors and contactors and lack of trained manpower. Customer expectations include poor check-in/check-out services, inefficient service management, inconsiderate personnel, poor management of feedback and instances of theft.

Originality/value

This work adds to the body of knowledge using real customer data and thematic analysis. The authors have not come across any scholarly work, especially in the Indian context, which looks at two stakeholders of the branded budget hotel industry. Hence, recommendations from this work are valuable for hospitality managers as well as researchers.

Details

Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, vol. 8 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1755-4217

Keywords

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