Nankpan Moses Nanyun and Alireza Nasiri
This paper aims to examine the extent of successes and challenges of adoption and implementation of Financial Action Task Force (FATF) codes in member states by highlighting the…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to examine the extent of successes and challenges of adoption and implementation of Financial Action Task Force (FATF) codes in member states by highlighting the influence of the FATF anti-money laundering policy framework on money laundering (ML) and the way forward in heightening the fight against the fast-evolving nature of ML and terrorist financing activities.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper, based on a purely qualitative desktop study, is drawn on historical information from FATF’s recommendations, its periodic reports, publications and other secondary sources such as books, journal articles on financial systems and scholarly literature.
Findings
The challenges found include difficulty in domestic coordination, capacity constraints of countries, inadequate operational resources and assessment complexities in the implementation of FATF standards. Nonetheless, FATF has chalked some successes such as the harmonization of legislation and enforcement efforts through the provision of coordination points. Other successes include flexibility in response to new threats, adoption of the mutual evaluation process, which advanced peer pressure on defaulting members, enhancement of the international financial space and the enhancement of the legitimization of FATF’s processes.
Originality/value
This paper provides a description of the successes and challenges of the FATF’s 40 + 9 recommendations since its establishment. The outcome would alert countries and players within the international financial space to invest more in capacity building and the entrenchment of the recommendations into their domestic laws.
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Keywords
Mohammad Reza Nasiri Avanaki and Alireza Toloei
The purpose of this paper is to find the best way to obtain the Sagnac phase shift in the output signal of open loop interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes (IFOGs). Also, the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to find the best way to obtain the Sagnac phase shift in the output signal of open loop interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes (IFOGs). Also, the utilized digital filtering based on FIR kaiser window for implementing the digital signal processing part is evaluated.
Design/methodology/approach
The approach is based on implementing four kaiser FIR filters, the coefficients of which have been obtained from SPtool. They were simulated with SPtool in the Matlab 7.1.
Findings
The results show that the chosen computational method has reliable accuracy. On the other hand, it could require low‐computational effort, and it is a simple way which is important for the signal processors.
Research limitations/implications
The limitation in this paper is that the designed filters have high order and they require much time; therefore, a high‐speed device is needed. For solving this problem, it is proposed to perform some estimation by experiments.
Practical implications
IFOGs are used in aircraft, missiles, and new civil fields such as automobile navigation, antenna stabilization, crane control, unmanned vehicle control, wind, and renewable energy platform stabilization.
Originality/value
There is no other paper which has explained mathematics of IFOG implementation in the signal processing part as completely as is done here.
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Somayeh Fadaei and Alireza Pooya
The purpose of this paper is to apply fuzzy spectrum in order to collect the vague and imprecise data and to employ the fuzzy U control chart in variable sample size using fuzzy…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to apply fuzzy spectrum in order to collect the vague and imprecise data and to employ the fuzzy U control chart in variable sample size using fuzzy rules. This approach is improved and developed by providing some new rules.
Design/methodology/approach
The fuzzy operating characteristic (FOC) curve is applied to investigate the performance of the fuzzy U control chart. The application of FOC presents fuzzy bounds of operating characteristic (OC) curve whose width depends on the ambiguity parameter in control charts.
Findings
To illustrate the efficiency of the proposed approach, a practical example is provided. Comparing performances of control charts indicates that OC curve of the crisp chart has been located between the FOC bounds, near the upper bound; as a result, for the crisp control chart, the probability of the type II error is of significant level. Also, a comparison of the crisp OC curve with OCavg curve and FOCα curve approved that the probability of the type II error for the crisp chart is more than the same amount for the fuzzy chart. Finally, the efficiency of the fuzzy chart is more than the crisp chart, and also it timely gives essential alerts by means of linguistic terms. Consequently, it is more capable of detecting process shifts.
Originality/value
This research develops the fuzzy U control chart with variable sample size whose output is fuzzy. After creating control charts, performance evaluation in the industry is important. The main contribution of this paper is to employs the FOC curve for evaluating the performance of the fuzzy control chart, while in prior studies in this area, the performance of fuzzy control chart has not been evaluated.
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Chen-hao Wang, Yong Liu and Zi-yi Pan
The paper attempts to discuss the impact of reference price effect on pricing decisions.
Abstract
Purpose
The paper attempts to discuss the impact of reference price effect on pricing decisions.
Design/methodology/approach
With the growth of the Internet and e-commerce, more and more customers purchase products in through online channels and choose products by comparing different prices and services, and the reference price effect has an impact on pricing decisions. To investigate the impact of consumers' reference price effect on the dual-channel supply chain, the authors establish a basic model consisting of a single dominant manufacturer and a single downstream retailer, and analyze the optional decisions under different situations and discuss the influence of reference price effect. Finally, a number case verifies the validity and rationality of the proposed model.
Findings
The results show that (1) the reference price effect has varying effects on the price, channel demand and income of manufacturers and retailers in the channel depending on the role of customers' channel preferences. (2) The manufacturer's online channel demand and profits always increase with the reference pricing effect, whereas the retailer's offline demand and profits always decline. (3) When the proportion of consumers preferring offline is higher, the manufacturer's network price and wholesale price increase with the reference price effect, while the retailer's retail price decreases with the reference price effect; when the proportion of consumers preferring offline is lower, the opposite is true, and the centralized decision results are consistent with the decentralized decision results.
Practical implications
This paper can clarify the impact of consumer reference price effects on the operation of dual-channel supply chains, and help inform pricing decisions of manufacturers and retailers in dual-channel supply chains.
Originality/value
The proposed approach can well analyze the impact of consumer reference price effect and give channel their optional decisions.