This article seeks to propose a defined set of Sharīʿah standards and guidelines for the charity account in order to provide clear guidance to Islamic financial institutions…
Abstract
Purpose
This article seeks to propose a defined set of Sharīʿah standards and guidelines for the charity account in order to provide clear guidance to Islamic financial institutions (IFIs) and eventually create a standardised practice in the management of the charity account by IFIs worldwide.
Design/methodology/approach
This article is based on a literature review regarding the origin and concept of the charity account for IFIs. It makes reference to various primary Sharīʿah sources and contemporary Sharīʿah standards pertaining to impermissible income as it relates to the charity account. It also analyses secondary sources of reference, in particular research papers and case studies on the same subject matter.
Findings
This article proposes relevant Sharīʿah standards required for the better functioning and standardisation of the charity account application by IFIs.
Research limitations/implications
This article will help IFIs, standard-setting bodies and regulators to develop a defined charity account framework. It also addresses the gaps discussed in past research and case studies that have not been resolved to date, particularly on the determination and management of charity accounts at the level of IFIs.
Practical implications
The charity account will be better controlled and thus eliminating potential reputational issues arising from collecting and disbursing commitment to donate amounts (CDA).
Social implications
The charity account distribution will be better managed and thus of more benefit to the society and recipients.
Originality/value
This article promotes the idea of standardisation in the practices of charity accounts, especially in terms of sources and disbursement.
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Masoud Afshari-Mofrad and Ali Salim
Motivated by the huge potential of biosimilars in the near future and rapid growth of Iranian biosimilar producing firms in recent two decades, this paper aims to explore the…
Abstract
Purpose
Motivated by the huge potential of biosimilars in the near future and rapid growth of Iranian biosimilar producing firms in recent two decades, this paper aims to explore the positioning of these firms in biopharmaceutical value chain and their path of technological capability building to extract policy-relevant advice.
Design/methodology/approach
As part of a two-year research project, an online questionnaire was designed and sent to biopharmaceutical experts in Iran between May and October 2016. Respondents came from biopharmaceutical firms. Also, 12 semi-structured interviews were conducted to analyze the path of capability building in Iranian biosimilar-producing firms.
Findings
The findings show that Iranian biopharmaceutical firms (BPFs) are mostly concentrated on “pharmaceutical development,”, “drug manufacturing” and “ after-sales services’ activities.” The study also demonstrates that most BPFs in Iran are at the “assimilative” level of capability and a few of them have recently moved toward the “adaptive” level.
Originality/value
The findings show that Iranian BPFs are mostly concentrated on “pharmaceutical development,” “drug manufacturing” and “after-sales services” activities. The study also demonstrates that most BPFs in Iran are at the “assimilative” level of capability and a few of them have recently moved toward the “adaptive” level.
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Al Montaser Mohammad, Ali Mohsin Salim Ba Awain, Ali Said Jaboob, Ibrahim Mkheimer and Masha Menhat
The primary objective of this research is to examine the effects of digital transformation capability (DTC) on employee turnover intention (ETI) in Jordanian universities. Based…
Abstract
Purpose
The primary objective of this research is to examine the effects of digital transformation capability (DTC) on employee turnover intention (ETI) in Jordanian universities. Based on the social cognitive theory (SCT). The study also investigates the mediated moderation role of knowledge management capability (KMC) and digital leadership (DL) in the relationship between DTC and ETI.
Design/methodology/approach
A survey questionnaire was used to obtain data from 384 faculty members at Jordanian universities in Jordan, and the SmartPLS4 and SPSS software were used to test the hypotheses.
Findings
The results reveal that DTC significantly mitigates ETI through providing a favourable environment for knowledge sharing and innovation. Using DL as a moderator, the results show that the relationship between DTC and ETI becomes stronger in the presence of high DL.
Originality/value
This research uniquely integrates SCT to explore the combined impact of DTC, KMC and DL on faculty turnover intentions at Jordanian universities. It offers novel viewpoints on retaining academic staff by implementing smart digital attempts.
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Hussein Mohammed Badr, Ramzy Salim Ali and Jawad Radhi Mahmood
In the vast majority of published papers, the optimal allocation of photovoltaic distributed generation (PVDG) units and reconfiguration problems are proposed along with the…
Abstract
Purpose
In the vast majority of published papers, the optimal allocation of photovoltaic distributed generation (PVDG) units and reconfiguration problems are proposed along with the number of PVDG used in the simulation. However, optimisation without selecting the number of PVDG units installed in the distribution grid is insufficient to achieve a better operational performance of power systems. Moreover, multi-objective installation of PVDG units and reconfiguration aims to simultaneously relieve congestion problems, improve voltage profile and minimise the active and reactive power losses. Therefore, this paper aims to propose a new modified camel algorithm (NMCA) to solve multi-objective problems considering radial distribution system to achieve secure and stable operation of electric power system with good performance.
Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the decision variables include the location and size of PVDG units with specific rang to determine the number of PVDG units needed to install and open network lines determined using NMCA based on the L_∞ technique. This also satisfies the operating and radial constraints. Furthermore, a benchmark comparison with different well known optimisation algorithms has been made to confirm the solutions. Finally, an analysis of the findings was conducted, and the feasibility of solutions was fully verified and discussed.
Findings
Two test systems – the institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE) 33-bus and IEEE 69-bus, were used to examine the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The findings obtained amply proved the efficiency and superiority of the NMCA algorithm over the other different optimisation algorithms.
Originality/value
The proposed approach is applied to solve the installation PVDG unit’s problem and reconfiguration problem in the radial distribution system, satisfying the operating and radial constraints. Also, it minimises active and reactive power losses and improves voltage profile.
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Ali Mohsin Salim Ba Awain, Ali Said Jaboob, Marcos Ferasso, Anwar Alsheyadi and Ángel Acevedo-Duque
This study aims to investigate the relationship between technology-distinct capabilities (TDC) and innovative work behavior (IWB) through the mediating effect of strategic…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to investigate the relationship between technology-distinct capabilities (TDC) and innovative work behavior (IWB) through the mediating effect of strategic flexibility (SF), to examine the behavior toward technopreneurship (BTT) among Omani small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Furthermore, technopreneur self-efficacy (TSE) is investigated as a moderating variable between TDC and SF.
Design/methodology/approach
Based on the quantitative research design, the survey questionnaire instrument was used to collect data from SMEs’ owners and managers. Using purposive sampling, the study comprised 285 responses from Muscat, Sohar and Al-Buraimi regions. Responses were analyzed through SPSS 25 and Smart PLS 4 using structural equation modeling (SEM).
Findings
The main findings revealed a positive and significant influence of TDC and IWB on SF. In addition, SF mediates the relationship between TDC, IWB and TBB. Results showed no effect of TSE on TDC and SF. The study outlines significant theoretical and practical implications. Dynamic capability (DC) theory provided a framework for understanding the highly competitive Omani business climate. The diffusion of innovation (DOI) provides the way forward to SMEs that how they embrace and induce novel concepts, including SF.
Originality/value
The findings of the study can be used by academics and policymakers to develop policies that support SMEs’ technological innovation and adaptability. In the Omani context, policymakers and public managers can utilize this research to evaluate the different technopreneurship support programs and encourage SMEs to adopt digital technology to capitalize on the nation’s entrepreneurial dynamic.
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Syed Faheem Hasan Bukhari, Frances M. Woodside, Rumman Hassan, Omar Massoud Salim Hassan Ali, Saima Hussain and Rabail Waqas
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the key attributes that drive Muslim consumer purchase behavior in the context of imported Western food in Pakistan.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the key attributes that drive Muslim consumer purchase behavior in the context of imported Western food in Pakistan.
Design/methodology/approach
In-depth, semi-structured interviews were used as a data collection tool. In this research, the in-depth interview data were analysed by using the manual content analysis (MCA) technique. Moreover, Leximancer software was used to reanalyse the data to enhance the trustworthiness of the MCA results. A total sample of 43 Muslim consumers from three metropolitan cities in Pakistan participated in the research. The sample comprises professionals, housewives and both college and university students.
Findings
Muslim consumers in Pakistan look at both the intrinsic and extrinsic attributes when purchasing imported Western food. The ruling factors explored were product taste, ingredients, freshness, hygiene, brand name and overall product quality. However, product packaging and labeling also play a significant role. Participants were of the view that imported Western food provides a better, unique consumption experience and an opportunity to choose from a wide variety of food options. Interestingly, interview findings reveal that Western food product attributes surpass the Islamic concept of moderate spending, thus convincing Muslim consumers to engage in the consumption of imported Western food.
Social implications
The presence of imported Western food may improve quality of life by having more opportunities and healthier options for the nation. If the Western food products are stamped Halal or made with Halal ingredients the product has a fair chance of adoption and penetration in the society. Further, it may result in overall health improvements within the society, which is already a major concern in the Pakistani consumer market. Also, food products coming from the Western world induces mindfulness; people are more aware about innovative and useful ingredients that can satisfy their taste buds.
Originality/value
This paper found that Pakistani Muslim consumers are not really concerned about the Islamic concept of moderate spending, and thus, established that Pakistani Muslim consumers are more concerned about product value rather than their Islamic teaching of moderate spending. From a population, with 97 per cent Muslim majority, product packaging and labeling were found to be a dominant and deciding factor, which, in itself, is an interesting finding. Further, established Western brand names help Muslim consumers to recognize products and plays a vital role in their purchase decisions. However, within product labeling, the element of halal ingredients was found to be a deciding factor, but not a leading factor, in purchase decisions.
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Aisha Salim Ali Al-Harthi and Yasser F. Hendawy Al-Mahdy
The purpose of this study is to examine teachers’ perceptions of the levels of distributed leadership (DL) practices and the indicators of school effectiveness (SE) in Egypt and…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine teachers’ perceptions of the levels of distributed leadership (DL) practices and the indicators of school effectiveness (SE) in Egypt and Oman. It also investigated the role of accreditation on these perceptions.
Design/methodology/approach
The study sampled 635 teachers in Egypt and Oman using the SE index (Hoy, 2009) and the DL scale (Özer and Beycioğlu, 2013).
Findings
The average score of the perceived level of DL practices of school principal and SE indicators showed was below the agreeableness level. DL was shown to be a positive and significant predictor of SE. The Omani teachers had a significantly higher perception of the availability of DL in their schools and of their schools’ effectiveness than the Egyptian teachers. The results also gave support to the belief that the school accreditation process is a way to increase DL in schools and also to increase the indicators of SE.
Practical implications
One implication of the findings is the need for training school principals on DL practices that can potentially enhance SE. Another implication is a wider adoption of accreditation practices.
Originality/value
This study provides empirical evidence about teachers’ perceptions of the availability of SE and DL in schools in two Middle Eastern countries, Egypt and Oman. It also adds support to the belief in the importance of the role of accreditation in increasing SE and DL practices.
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Murali Sambasivan, T.J. Deepak, Ali Nasoor Salim and Venishri Ponniah
The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to develop theoretical underpinnings using TCE, and second, to run the analysis using an advanced tool such as structural equation…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to develop theoretical underpinnings using TCE, and second, to run the analysis using an advanced tool such as structural equation modeling (SEM).
Design/methodology/approach
This study was conducted in the construction industry in Tanzania. A questionnaire-based survey method was used. A total of 308 respondents participated in the study. The relationships between the cause and effect factors were analyzed using SEM.
Findings
The important findings are as follows:cost overrun can be explained by consultant-related and material-related factors; disputes can be explained by cost overrun; arbitration can be explained by consultant-related, cost overrun, and dispute factors; litigation can be explained by client-related, disputes, and arbitration factors; and abandonment can be explained by consultant-related, external-related, disputes, arbitration, and litigation factors.
Originality/value
The main contributions of this study are theoretical development and comprehensive analyses of “cause” and “effect” factors of delays in the construction industry.
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Wa'el Alaghbari, Azizah Salim, Kamariah Dola and Abang Abdullah Abang Ali
Housing costs are very high in Yemen compared with Middle East countries, which caused a shortage of housing supply especially for low‐income groups. This paper aims to develop…
Abstract
Purpose
Housing costs are very high in Yemen compared with Middle East countries, which caused a shortage of housing supply especially for low‐income groups. This paper aims to develop affordable housing design for people with low income and to examine their ability to afford houses in Sana'a, Yemen.
Design/methodology/approach
Two different questionnaires were used to achieve the study objectives. The first one was to examine the requirements and needs of low‐income groups, while the second was to analyze the feedback of professionals in relevant housing authorities in Sana'a. An affordable house design methodology was used to design alternatives of low‐income housing in order to minimize cost and environmental impact while maximizing the social acceptability in housing projects.
Findings
The results show that the low‐income group can afford new houses in Sana'a in consideration of the following: constructing multi‐storey housing units such as apartment system through using the concrete frame structure and building the internal and external walls with concrete blocks with limited areas (65‐120) square meters.
Originality/value
The findings could be used to improve housing affordability through housing policies in Yemen in order to decrease the housing shortage particularly for the low‐income group.
Wa'el Alaghbari, Azizah Salim, Kamariah Dola and Abang Abdullah Abang Ali
The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors that cause housing shortage for low‐income groups in Yemen and recommend some solutions to alleviate the problem.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors that cause housing shortage for low‐income groups in Yemen and recommend some solutions to alleviate the problem.
Design/methodology/approach
A questionnaire survey has been used as the tool to carry out this study. The first part of the questionnaire consisted of three groups namely: economic, administrative, and legal factors. The second part consists of suggestions on housing supply, construction methods, and materials used for low‐cost housing in Yemen. The level of importance of the categories was measured and the relative importance of weightage was ranked.
Findings
The results show that the most important economic factors causing housing shortage were poor handling of available economic resources and shortage of economic resources. The most important administrative factors causing housing shortage were lack of organization and synchronization and not conducting studies on housing. The most important legal factor causing housing shortage was lack of legalization of housing.
Originality/value
The findings could be used to improve housing policies and strategy in Yemen in order to decrease the housing shortage, particularly for the low‐income group.