This paper aims to compare the future orientation (FO) society practices dimension of the Globe model with Hofstede's long-term orientation (LTO) by testing their causal effects…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to compare the future orientation (FO) society practices dimension of the Globe model with Hofstede's long-term orientation (LTO) by testing their causal effects on three firm-level variables: cash holdings, long-term investments and acquisitions. In doing so, this research challenges the already taken-for-granted assumption in the empirical research that the two dimensions are equivalent.
Design/methodology/approach
Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) was used to test the hypotheses on 7,065 firms across 49 countries between 2000 and 2017.
Findings
The findings show that the causal impacts of FO society practices and LTO on a given construct are not consistent. Although LTO increases cash holdings, the impact of FO society practices on this variable is insignificant. Additionally, unlike FO society practices, which significantly increases long-term investments and acquisitions, LTO does not influence long-term investments and decreases acquisitions.
Originality/value
This study is valuable since it addresses the confusion surrounding the similarities and differences between FO society practices and LTO. Despite the dissimilarity also emphasized by Globe, Hofstede claims that they are equivalent, and the great majority of the empirical literature has assumed them to be equivalent in their analyses. Addressing this confusion, this research provides further empirical evidence that these two dimensions are dissimilar. The additional important contribution of the study is theorizing and examining the impact of FO society practices and LTO on the firm-level outcomes that reflect their temporal orientation (i.e. long-term investments and acquisitions), which is surprisingly neglected in the literature.
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In spite of the common label, uncertainty avoidance (UA) across Hofstede and GLOBE models has been found to be negatively correlated and capture distinct concepts. Nevertheless…
Abstract
Purpose
In spite of the common label, uncertainty avoidance (UA) across Hofstede and GLOBE models has been found to be negatively correlated and capture distinct concepts. Nevertheless, the empirical research focusing on the impact of UA on a variety of constructs has strongly neglected this conceptual difference, assuming them equivalent constructs and using one as an alternative for the other, or merely applying one for reasons other than conceptual relevance. Challenging this taken-for-granted assumption, the purpose of this paper is to show that their conceptual difference matters by showing that their causal impact on a given construct is not consistent given their conceptual difference.
Design/methodology/approach
Hypotheses are tested using hierarchical linear modeling analyses on firms from Compustat Global Database across 44 countries within the time span of 1990–2017.
Findings
The findings show that the causal effects of Hofstede UA index (UAI) and GLOBE UA society practices on the risk-taking behavior of firms are not consistent. Unlike Hofstede UAI, GLOBE UA (society practices) does not reduce the risk-taking behavior of firms.
Originality/value
This study is valuable in that it raises awareness on the conceptual differences between UA dimensions across Hofstede vs GLOBE and challenges one of the taken-for-granted assumptions in the empirical literature that the two are equivalent by empirically showing that their impacts on a given construct (i.e. the risk-taking behavior of firms) are not consistent.
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Alireza Alipour, Mohammad Ali Shahi Ashtiani and Farid Shahmiri
This study aims to present a method for improving the preliminary design process of an aircraft.
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to present a method for improving the preliminary design process of an aircraft.
Design/methodology/approach
The approach of this paper is using Axiomatic Design (AD) principles in the aircraft preliminary design process. The aircraft design process consists of modules and disciplines, which are loosely coupled that can disrupt designers’ ability. Consequently, designers should define suitable functional requirements (FRs) and design parameters for products to avoid or limit coupling between them. As modular architecture is commonly defined as having a one-to-one mapping from the function domain to the physical domain, the independence axiom in AD could support the modularity of the design process. Therefore, these features guide us to use AD principles at the first steps of the aircraft design process.
Findings
Reduction coupling between different FRs and consequently less repetitive activities and design iteration in the design process by using AD principles are the finding of this paper.
Practical implications
This concept could be used for the design process of every complex product.
Originality/value
Looking at the preliminary design of a Blended Wing Body unmanned aerial vehicle with respect to the AD is a new technique to achieve a modular design process.
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Alireza Khalili-Fard, Reza Tavakkoli-Moghaddam, Nasser Abdali, Mohammad Alipour-Vaezi and Ali Bozorgi-Amiri
In recent decades, the student population in dormitories has increased notably, primarily attributed to the growing number of international students. Dormitories serve as pivotal…
Abstract
Purpose
In recent decades, the student population in dormitories has increased notably, primarily attributed to the growing number of international students. Dormitories serve as pivotal environments for student development. The coordination and compatibility among students can significantly influence their overall success. This study aims to introduce an innovative method for roommate selection and room allocation within dormitory settings.
Design/methodology/approach
In this study, initially, using multi-attribute decision-making methods including the Bayesian best-worst method and weighted aggregated sum product assessment, the incompatibility rate among pairs of students is calculated. Subsequently, using a linear mathematical model, roommates are selected and allocated to dormitory rooms pursuing the twin objectives of minimizing the total incompatibility rate and costs. Finally, the grasshopper optimization algorithm is applied to solve large-sized instances.
Findings
The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in comparison to two common alternatives, i.e. random allocation and preference-based allocation. Moreover, the proposed method’s applicability extends beyond its current context, making it suitable for addressing various matching problems, including crew pairing and classmate pairing.
Originality/value
This novel method for roommate selection and room allocation enhances decision-making for optimal dormitory arrangements. Inspired by a real-world problem faced by the authors, this study strives to offer a robust solution to this problem.
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Milad Shahvaroughi Farahani, Shiva Babaei, Zahra Sadat Kharazan, Ali Bai, Zahra Rahmati, Ghazal Ghasemi, Fardin Alipour and Hamed Farrokhi-Asl
This paper aims to predict Dogecoin price by using artificial intelligence (AI) methods and comparing the results with the econometrics models.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to predict Dogecoin price by using artificial intelligence (AI) methods and comparing the results with the econometrics models.
Design/methodology/approach
An artificial neural network (ANN) was applied as a prediction method without any optimization techniques. Additionally, the genetic algorithm (GA) is used to select the most appropriate input variables. Additionally, based on the literature review and the relationships between crypto-price and global indices, 20 economic indicators, such as Coinbase Bitcoin, Coinbase Litecoin and US dollars, along with main global stock indices such as FTSE100 and NIFTY50, are identified as input variables for the model. Lichtenberg algorithm (LA) and aquila optimization (AO) algorithm are used to make the ANN more robust. To validate our algorithms, they have been implemented on daily data for the last three years. To demonstrate the superiority of the models over traditional methods such as econometrics, regression analysis and curve fitting techniques are used. The effectiveness of these models is then evaluated and compared using criteria such as recall, accuracy and precision.
Findings
The results indicate that AI-based algorithms not only enhance the accuracy, recall and precision of calculations but also expedite the process without requiring the numerous and restrictive assumptions associated with time series and econometric models.
Originality/value
The main contribution of this paper is the application of novel approaches such as AO and LA to improve the predictive capabilities of the ANN method for various cryptocurrencies’ prices. It demonstrates the superiority of the proposed algorithms over traditional econometric models using real-life data.
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Khalil Alipour and S. Ali A. Moosavian
A suspended wheeled mobile robot (SWMR) that consists of one or more manipulators can be exploited in various environmental conditions such as uneven surfaces. The purpose of this…
Abstract
Purpose
A suspended wheeled mobile robot (SWMR) that consists of one or more manipulators can be exploited in various environmental conditions such as uneven surfaces. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the requirements for stable motion planning of such robotic systems to perform heavy object manipulation tasks.
Design/methodology/approach
First, a systematic procedure for dynamics modelling of such complicated systems for planar motion is presented and verified using ADAMS simulation software. Next, based on the new dynamic moment‐height stability (MHS) measure, the stability of such systems will be investigated using the obtained dynamics. To this end, introducing the concept of a virtual frame, the obtained model of SWMR has been employed for investigating the effect of the base suspension characteristics as well as terrain roughness on the stability of the system. Next, the stability evaluation of the system is investigated after toppling down which has been rarely addressed in the literature. In addition, using the aforementioned model, the effect of stiffness is examined after instability.
Findings
First, a systematic procedure for dynamics modelling of such complicated systems for planar motion is presented and verified using ADAMS simulation software. Next, based on the new dynamic MHS measure, the stability of such systems will be investigated using the obtained dynamics. To this end, introducing the concept of a virtual frame, the obtained model of SWMR has been employed for investigating the effect of the base suspension characteristics as well as terrain roughness on the stability of the system. Next, the stability evaluation of the system is investigated after toppling down which has been rarely addressed in the literature. In addition, using the aforementioned model, the effect of stiffness is examined after instability.
Originality/value
A general procedure for dynamics modelling of SWMRs is presented. To verify the obtained dynamics model, another model for the considered system has been developed by ADAMS software. Next, using the obtained dynamics, the postural stability of such systems is investigated, based on the new postural MHS measure extended for SWMRs. The obtained simulation results show that by decreasing the stiffness coefficients of suspension subsystem the stability of the system weakens.
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Mohammad Alipour, Mehrdad Ghanbari, Babak Jamshidinavid and Aliasghar Taherabadi
The purpose of this paper is to examine the association between corporate environmental disclosure quality (EDQ) and earnings quality (EQ).
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the association between corporate environmental disclosure quality (EDQ) and earnings quality (EQ).
Design/methodology/approach
The paper uses earnings persistence and accruals quality as a measures of EQ. The paper also uses panel data regression to examine the association between EDQ and EQ for a sample of 107 Iran non-financial firms. Two different theoretical frameworks are used to clarify whether and to what extent an association may exist as an explicit relationship between EDQ and EQ.
Findings
After controlling for several firm-specific characteristics, the results show that between 2011 and 2016, there has been a significant positive relationship between EDQ and EQ.
Practical implications
This study sheds light on the relevance of regulating corporate reporting within a setting where companies are already voluntarily reporting on environmental information. Findings have implications for policymakers who have mandated or considering mandating environmental reporting. To the policymakers, in particular, this study highlights the need for incorporating, within the listing rules, minimum requirements in relation to the nature and content of environmental reports.
Social implications
The findings have implications for stakeholders in terms of effective information quality. The findings are important as more environmentally responsible firms may provide higher quality, more reliable and more transparent information to meet the ethical expectations of stakeholders.
Originality/value
This is the first study in Iran that considered the impact of EDQ on EQ. This study contributes to the literature on the relationship between EDQ and EQ by showing that the EDQ in Iran is associated with the EQ.
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Inas Mohammed Saadeh and Taghrid Saleh Suifan
This study aims to examine the effect of job stress on perceived organizational support (POS) and organizational commitment in hospitals in Amman, Jordan. It also investigated the…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to examine the effect of job stress on perceived organizational support (POS) and organizational commitment in hospitals in Amman, Jordan. It also investigated the mediating role of POS on the relationship between job stress and organizational commitment.
Design/methodology/approach
The study used a cross-sectional, quantitative survey design to collect data from 500 employees in six hospitals in Amman, Jordan. An Arabic version of a reliable and valid measurement instrument was used. A convenience sample was selected from employees in the targeted hospitals. Mediating effect was tested using the approach proposed by Baron and Kenny (1986). Validity and reliability tests were applied, and regression analyses were used to test the study hypotheses.
Findings
The results revealed a significant negative effect of job stress on POS and organizational commitment. The results also indicated full negative mediating effect of POS on the relationship between job stress and organizational commitment.
Practical implications
This research promotes hospitals to implement strategies that reduce employees’ job stress, increase levels of POS among employees working at hospitals, which, in turn, will enhance employees’ commitment to their hospitals.
Originality/value
This study is one of the first to investigate the proposed effects in Jordan in particular, and the Middle East in general. In addition, it contributes to the literature by examining the mediating effect of POS on the relationship between job stress and organizational commitment. Recommendations are provided to practitioners in hospitals based on the study results.
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Ali İhsan Akgün and Serap Pelin Türkoğlu
This study aims to reveal to what extent successful European listed firms depend on their intellectual capital investment in achieving business success during the global financial…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to reveal to what extent successful European listed firms depend on their intellectual capital investment in achieving business success during the global financial crisis.
Design/methodology/approach
This study used value added intellectual coefficient (VAIC) methodology to measure the effect of intellectual capital on financial performance of business, which consist of 683 the sample listed firms. To examine the nexus between intellectual capital, legal origin and firm performance, estimated panel test and ordinary least squares regression model is used to data obtained from a sample of European countries.
Findings
The finding of this study suggests that there exists a positive relationship between intellectual capital and firm performance with return on assets (ROA) before the financial crisis, while firm performance with return on equity did not contribute to intellectual capital before and after the crisis period. Additionally, common law countries have a positive and statistically significant impact on firm performance with ROA for the before-crisis period, while code law countries have positively significant effect with VAIC on ROA.
Practical implications
The VAIC method has played a critical role in the management decision-making process to integrate the intellectual capital in the financial crisis period.
Originality/value
This study examines intellectual capital components such as human capital, structural capital and process capital efficiencies and firm performance in the legal origin context. The empirical evidence shows that there are significant impacts of legal origin on the nexus between intellectual capital and performance of listed firms during the global financial crisis.
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Heydar Esmaeili, Alireza Isfandyari-Moghaddam and Mehdi Alipour Hafezi
This paper aims to draw a roadmap for the presence of Iranian academic libraries in the cloud infrastructure.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to draw a roadmap for the presence of Iranian academic libraries in the cloud infrastructure.
Design/methodology/approach
This research attends an applied-development one that is a part of developmental research due to its conceptual expansion, foresight and roadmap for the presence of cloud-based academic libraries and finally, becoming cloud libraries. Because of providing a roadmap template, the presence of academic digital libraries in the cloud and becoming a cloud library is applied research. Because of providing a roadmap template, academic digital libraries’ presence in the cloud and becoming a cloud library is one of the applied research areas. The statistical population of this research includes all Iranian digital academic libraries. There were 64 digital libraries out of which 59 libraries participated in completing the questionnaire.
Findings
Preliminary results from used Delphi method’s first round which was considered by 59 experts were identified typically and descriptive after appropriate component classification and editing. After identifying these factors, each of the roadmap levels in the third stage and the degree of relevance approved by the experts were reviewed and the most critical and relevant factors were identified as key components of the roadmap for the presence of cloud-based academic libraries and becoming cloud libraries. At this stage, they were selected as 24 factors, including seven factors for the first layer, eight factors for the second layer and nine factors for the third layer.
Originality/value
By introducing a roadmap for the presence of academic digital libraries in the cloud context, they will promote more and better interaction between academic libraries to offer services to users anytime and anywhere.