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Article
Publication date: 13 March 2017

Alexander Y. Yashin, Dmitry V. Yashunsky, Aleksander N. Vedenin, Nikolay E. Nifantiev, Yakov I. Yashin and Boris V. Nemzer

The purpose of this paper is to determine the antioxidant activity of natural polyphenols from larch wood by the amperometric method.

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to determine the antioxidant activity of natural polyphenols from larch wood by the amperometric method.

Design/methodology/approach

Direct measurements of antioxidant activity were carried out by the amperometric method in an oxidizing mode with glassy carbon as a working electrode, set potential +1.3V and using a flow-injection system with 2.2 mM phosphoric acid as the mobile phase with a flow rate of 1.2 ml/min.

Findings

The reported results show the following values of antioxidant activity for the tested compounds: (−)-secoisolariciresinol – 0.199 ± 0.002 mg/L (p < 0.05); isolariciresinol – 0.196 ± 0.002 mg/L (p < 0.05); lariciresinol - 0.222 ± 0.001 mg/L (p < 0.05); O-isopropylidene derivative of (−)-secoisolariciresinol - 0.143 ± 0.002 mg/L (p < 0.05); (+)-dihydroquercetin – 0.153 ± 0.002 mg/L (p < 0.05); and quercetin – 0.521 ± 0.001 mg/L (p < 0.05). The last product was tested as the reference of a widely used current antioxidant. General tendencies of determined values of antioxidant activity for studied compounds are in good correlation with published data as determined by the t-BuOOH-initiated lipid peroxidation method.

Practical implications

Described results show practical applicability of the amperometric method as being faster and cheaper in comparison to other methods, including oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay or 2,2′diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) reagent based assay.

Originality/value

The described results show the first-time application of the amperometric method for the evaluation of the antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds from larch wood.

Details

Nutrition & Food Science, vol. 47 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0034-6659

Keywords

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Book part
Publication date: 29 October 2018

Viktor P. Kuznetsov, Ekaterina P. Garina, Natalia S. Andryashina and Elena V. Romanovskaya

The chapter deals with the promotion of competitiveness of national producers as compared to the main leaders in the industry.

Abstract

Purpose

The chapter deals with the promotion of competitiveness of national producers as compared to the main leaders in the industry.

Methodology

The system management of the process of creating and mastering the production of a new product is based on effective change management, development of organizational and technical management systems, business-to-business interaction systems, business solutions relating to product creation in the industry. Systemization of problems and identification of ways of development of theory and methodology of creation of a new product by the domestic manufacturing companies can be performed by means of implementation of continuous acquisition and life cycle support (CALS) systems.

Results

Today, the fundamental conceptual basis for the formation of information space of an enterprise and application of miscellaneous information systems is the concept of continuous information support of products throughout the entire life cycle – CALS. According to this concept, one can single out the following major objectives which are essential for an enterprise and can be achieved through information technologies: the automation of production management which was conventionally achieved through the use of MICS systems, and today it is achieved due to the use of the so-called ERP/CRM/SCM systems; product data management and automation of design and engineering analysis of structures and processes (PDM/PLM, CAD/CAM/CAE-system); information support of operation and aftersales service, integrated logistic support of products. The information technologies at the present stage are a prerequisite for achieving a competitive advantage by an enterprise, particularly if the enterprise is specialized in the production of high-technology products. The major purpose of information technologies at the enterprise is the maximum effective support of design processes, production processes and other processes running at the enterprise, creation of the information basis which enables the management to take decisions which help the enterprise to achieve a dominant position in the industry sector. For Russian companies, the problem of implementation and effective employment of CALS-technologies as a means of cardinal improvement in quality and competitiveness of science-intensive products, discussed in the chapter, is extremely topical.

Conclusions

For many companies, the employment of these technologies largely determines the ability to survive in the context of an intensifying competitive struggle in the domestic market and can be considered as an indispensable condition for maintaining and expanding the sales of products on the international market.

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Book part
Publication date: 29 October 2018

Alexander N. Alekseev, Yulia A. Romanova, Irina M. Zurakhovskaya, Valeriy V. Mishchenko and Valentina V. Latysheva

The purpose of this chapter is to develop a framework strategy for implementing the optimization model of information economy in modern Russia, aimed at its adaptation to the…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this chapter is to develop a framework strategy for implementing the optimization model of information economy in modern Russia, aimed at its adaptation to the peculiarities of the Russian economic practice.

Methodology

The methods of induction, deduction, synthesis, and systemic analysis are used, as along with goal-oriented approaches, such as the method of modeling of socio-economic systems, and the method of formalization.

Results

The authors develop the framework strategy of implementing the optimization model of information economy in modern Russia that takes into account specifics of socio-economic development and informatization of the Russian economic system at the modern stage. This strategy differs from the strategy of formation of an information economy implemented in modern Russia. The most important difference is a wide and comprehensive balance, while the Russian economy is tolerant toward imbalance. The offered strategy allows refusing from copying economic practice implemented by other countries and determining own path of formation and development of information economy. This envisages the Russian treatment of the principles of implementing the innovational model of a well-balanced information economy. This treatment is based on the current possibilities of the Russian economy and on the set goal within the formation of an information economy. Due to this, the possibilities and needs of strategic development of information economy in modern Russia are balanced.

Recommendations

The developed framework strategy of implementing the optimization model of information economy in modern Russia is recommended for usage in the domestic economic practice.

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Book part
Publication date: 29 October 2018

Larisa V. Popova, Tatiana A. Dugina, Natalia N. Skiter and Ivan S. Korabelnikov

The purpose of this chapter is to develop the algorithm of the strategy of implementing the information economy’s optimization model in modern Russia.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this chapter is to develop the algorithm of the strategy of implementing the information economy’s optimization model in modern Russia.

Methodology

The method of systemic, problem, and logical analysis, synthesis, and the method of compilation of block schemes are used.

Results

The algorithm of the strategy of implementing the information economy’s optimization model in modern Russia is presented. It has a cyclic characteristic and is variable, successfully adapting the conceptual model of a well-balanced information economy to the practical peculiarities of the social system of modern Russia and ensuring flexibility of the developed strategy of its application in the Russian economic practice. The offered algorithm of the strategy of implementing the information economy’s optimization model in modern Russia is a logical continuation of the developed strategy, supplementing its scientific and theoretical significance with the possibilities and perspectives of successful practical application. The offered algorithm shows clarity and simplicity of the general internal structure of the process of implementing this strategy with a simultaneous high complexity of specific measures.

Recommendations

The developed algorithm explains the logic of successful realization of the strategy of implementing the optimization model of a well-balanced information economy in modern Russia and is recommended for usage as a practical guide for implementing this strategy.

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Book part
Publication date: 29 October 2018

Aleksei V. Bogoviz, Vladimir S. Osipov, Aleksei G. Zeldner, Nadezhda K. Rozhkova and Olga V. Titova

The purpose of the research is to determine the stages of the development of information economy in modern Russia and to create a conceptual model of establishment and development…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of the research is to determine the stages of the development of information economy in modern Russia and to create a conceptual model of establishment and development of information economy in modern Russia.

Methodology

The methodology of the research includes a systemic approach and the method of comparative analysis.

Results

The authors conclude that despite large potential, Russia is still at the initial stage of information economy’s formation due to the influence of the determined institutional, structural, and investment barriers. At present, Russia is in the process of transition from the initial stage of information economy’s formation, which is related to the formation of technosphere (spheres of the ICT), to the middle stage, in which sociosphere (information society) is established. However, despite this, there is a large potential in the sphere of informatization of socio-economic system of Russia, which belongs to the final stage of the formation of information economy.

Recommendations

The created conceptual model of establishment and development of information economy in modern Russia showed structural disproportions in information economy of modern Russia. Insufficient technological support, which has resulted in ineffective state management during the formation of information economy at the initial stage, cannot be combined with independently formed social core, the process of creation of which, initiated by the state directive on transition to the middle stage of the formation of information economy, should have started this year. The authors offer practice-oriented recommendations for correction of the current strategy of information economy’s formation in modern Russia.

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Book part
Publication date: 29 October 2018

Larisa A. Ilyina, Olga A. Babordina, Marina P. Garanina and Vladimir S. Tikhonov

The purpose of this chapter is to study perspectives of formation of the optimization model of a well-balanced information economy in modern Russia.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this chapter is to study perspectives of formation of the optimization model of a well-balanced information economy in modern Russia.

Methodology

The research methodology includes the complex SWOT analysis of the environment, wherein the optimization model of a well-balanced information economy in modern Russia is implemented; this analysis allows determining threats and possibilities for its formation. Also, the method of formalization is used that allows tablulation of results.

Result

The authors show a number of prerquisites for the formation of a well-balanced information economy in Russia, as well as multiple internal barriers on the path of its development. One of the barriers is deficit of resources. Also, there exist large perspectives of formation of the optimization model of a well-balanced information economy. These perspectives include improvement of legal conditions of financing of development of digital economy, intensive development of the ICT spheres and online business, growth of innovational activity and efficiency in the information sphere, and creation and stimulation of implementing the possibilities for feedback in the course of information economy’s formation. Based on the analyzed tendencies, it is concluded that these perspectives will allow overcoming the major barriers on the path of implementation of the strategy of building the optimization model of a well-balanced information economy in modern Russia, related to deficit of resources, structural imbalance of the noosphere, low efficiency of information, and linear direction of the process of management of information economy.

Recommendations

The authors determine that successful practical implementation of this strategy is largely predetermined by the capability of state regulators for a highly effective management of internal and external factors. It is recommended to pay attention to the management of these factors in the process of practical implementation of the strategy of forming the optimization model of a well-balanced information economy in modern Russia.

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Book part
Publication date: 7 August 2013

Sinem Adar

This chapter explores the impact of the seemingly new recognition of non-Muslims in Turkey, a historically marginalized minority. In the 2000s, the ruling AKP party, a religiously…

Abstract

This chapter explores the impact of the seemingly new recognition of non-Muslims in Turkey, a historically marginalized minority. In the 2000s, the ruling AKP party, a religiously and socially conservative party, made a number of symbolic gestures toward the increasing recognition of these communities. This chapter explores this ethnographically and historically by looking at the political effects of AKP’s democratization attempts on the Rum Orthodox (“Greek”) community in Istanbul. It argues that these attempts paralleled a similar language of democracy within the community particularly in the aftermath of the government’s permission to run elections in the non-Muslim community institutions (vakıfs), following a period of time during which no elections had been held in these institutions. At the same time, these attempts occasioned old and new forms of hierarchies within the community, which emerged as a result of the competing claims within it to its representation. These seemingly ambiguous effects of democratization within the Rum community emerged in the gap between the AKP’s democracy discourse that claims universal inclusion and its highly selective practice of democracy. This was so because the AKP preserved the ethnoreligious definition of national identity even while it readopted the historical legacies of the Ottoman millet system that managed society along religious confessional lines. These findings contribute to the existing theories on democratization by highlighting the inextricable link between inclusion and exclusion that emerges in the gap between the discursive claims of democracy toward universal inclusion and the selective actualization of these claims in practice. Such selective inclusion that is inherent to the politics of democracy is managed differently in different contexts due to the hybrid forms of state recognition of the population.

Details

Decentering Social Theory
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78190-727-6

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Article
Publication date: 8 May 2019

Sedki Karoui and Romdhane Khemakhem

This study aims to better understand the Islamic consumption incentives because the spectacular flourishing of the halal market in different places around the world has grown the…

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to better understand the Islamic consumption incentives because the spectacular flourishing of the halal market in different places around the world has grown the interest in understanding and deciphering the mechanisms behind its development.

Design/methodology/approach

Through an exploratory study of some Tunisia-based Islamic groups’ purchasing behavior, this paper investigates factors leading to the purchasing of halal goods (Islamic consumption).

Findings

Findings show that the Islamic consumer is more of an Islamist than simply a Muslim. In addition, findings show that halal consumption is not merely related to religious affiliations but also the product of numerous cultural, social and psychological factors.

Originality/value

In addition to Islamism and Islamic activism, this paper puts in evidence the role of some post-structural factors such as identity, nostalgia and hedonism in relation to the buying intention of halal products and services.

Details

Journal of Islamic Marketing, vol. 10 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1759-0833

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 17 July 2024

Manik Kumar, Joe Sgarrella and Christian Peco

This paper develops a neural network surrogate model based on a discrete lattice approach to investigate the influence of complex microstructures on the emergent behavior of…

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper develops a neural network surrogate model based on a discrete lattice approach to investigate the influence of complex microstructures on the emergent behavior of biological networks.

Design/methodology/approach

The adaptability of network-forming organisms, such as, slime molds, relies on fluid-to-solid state transitions and dynamic behaviors at the level of the discrete microstructure, which continuum modeling methods struggle to capture effectively. To address this challenge, we present an optimized approach that combines lattice spring modeling with machine learning to capture dynamic behavior and develop nonlinear constitutive relationships.

Findings

This integrated approach allows us to predict the dynamic response of biological materials with heterogeneous microstructures, overcoming the limitations of conventional trial-and-error lattice design. The study investigates the microstructural behavior of biological materials using a neural network-based surrogate model. The results indicate that our surrogate model is effective in capturing the behavior of discrete lattice microstructures in biological materials.

Research limitations/implications

The combination of numerical simulations and machine learning endows simulations of the slime mold Physarum polycephalum with a more accurate description of its emergent behavior and offers a pathway for the development of more effective lattice structures across a wide range of applications.

Originality/value

The novelty of this research lies in integrating lattice spring modeling and machine learning to explore the dynamic behavior of biological materials. This combined approach surpasses conventional methods, providing a more holistic and accurate representation of emergent behaviors in organisms.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

Keywords

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