This paper aims to study the design of bank capital regulation and points out a conceptual downside of risk-sensitive regulation. The author argues that when a bank is better…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to study the design of bank capital regulation and points out a conceptual downside of risk-sensitive regulation. The author argues that when a bank is better informed about its risk than the regulator, designing regulation is subject to the Lucas critique. The second-best regulation could be risk-insensitive, which provides an explanation for the leverage ratio as a backstop to risk-based capital requirements. This paper offers empirical predictions and implications for policy.
Design/methodology/approach
The argument in the paper is based on analytical results from mechanism design.
Findings
Optimal bank regulation could be risk-insensitive, as is observed in practice in the form of the leverage ratio rule.
Originality/value
Counter to conventional wisdom, the paper argues and provides a new explanation for why bank regulation should not be sensitive to the risk of the bank. The paper then offers empirical predictions and implications for policy.
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Before providing an overview of the conference with the above title and this Special Issue, this paper aims to present a view of the meaning of systemic risk, factors that affect…
Abstract
Purpose
Before providing an overview of the conference with the above title and this Special Issue, this paper aims to present a view of the meaning of systemic risk, factors that affect systemic risk and measures of systemic risk. Thereafter, the conference presentations and the papers in this issue are summarized.
Design/methodology/approach
Characteristics and measures of systemic risk are reviewed. Conference papers and presentations are summarized.
Findings
While some aspects of systemic risk of a financial institution can be measured, an important aspect associated with contagion through markets is not easily captured by simple measures.
Originality/value
The conference and the papers in this issue contribute to the policy debate about sources and characteristics of systemic risk.
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Linda Steuer-Dankert and Carmen Leicht-Scholten
Diversity management is seen as a decisive factor for ensuring the development of socially responsible innovations (Beacham and Shambaugh, 2011; Sonntag, 2014; López, 2015;…
Abstract
Diversity management is seen as a decisive factor for ensuring the development of socially responsible innovations (Beacham and Shambaugh, 2011; Sonntag, 2014; López, 2015; Uebernickel et al., 2015). However, many diversity management approaches fail due to a one-sided consideration of diversity (Thomas and Ely, 2019) and a lacking linkage between the prevailing organizational culture and the perception of diversity in the respective organization. Reflecting the importance of diverse perspectives, research institutions have a special responsibility to actively deal with diversity, as they are publicly funded institutions that drive socially relevant development and educate future generations of developers, leaders and decision-makers. Nevertheless, only a few studies have so far dealt with the influence of the special framework conditions of the science system on diversity management. Focusing on the interdependency of the organizational culture and diversity management especially in a university research environment, this chapter aims in a first step to provide a theoretical perspective on the framework conditions of a complex research organization in Germany in order to understand the system-specific factors influencing diversity management. In a second step, an exploratory cluster analysis is presented, investigating the perception of diversity and possible influencing factors moderating this perception in a scientific organization. Combining both steps, the results show specific mechanisms and structures of the university research environment that have an impact on diversity management and rigidify structural barriers preventing an increase of diversity. The quantitative study also points out that the management level takes on a special role model function in the scientific system and thus has an influence on the perception of diversity. Consequently, when developing diversity management approaches in research organizations, it is necessary to consider the top-down direction of action, the special nature of organizational structures in the university research environment as well as the special role of the professorial level as role model for the scientific staff.
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Abstract
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The sealing of samples purchased under the provisions of the Sale of Food and Drugs Acts has recently been on more than one occasion the subject of articles or letters in this…
Abstract
The sealing of samples purchased under the provisions of the Sale of Food and Drugs Acts has recently been on more than one occasion the subject of articles or letters in this journal. In November last, at a meeting of “The Society of Public Analysts and Other Analytical Chemists,” Mr. H. Droop Richmond opened a formal discussion on the matter, but it cannot be said that the proceedings contributed much to our knowledge of what has taken place in the past, revealed any satisfactory remedy likely to be applicable in the future, or even definitely settled whether any change in our present practice was really required.
Andreas Maier, Manuel Rühr, Katja Tangermann-Gerk, Marcel Stephan, Stephan Roth and Michael Schmidt
Additive manufacturing (AM) of duplex stainless steels (DSS) is still challenging in terms of simultaneously generating structures with high build quality and adequate functional…
Abstract
Purpose
Additive manufacturing (AM) of duplex stainless steels (DSS) is still challenging in terms of simultaneously generating structures with high build quality and adequate functional properties. This study aims to investigate comprehensive process-material-property relationships resulting from both laser-directed energy deposition (DED-LB/M) and laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M) of DSS 1.4462 in as-built (AB) and subsequent heat-treated (HT) states.
Design/methodology/approach
Cuboid specimens made of DSS 1.4462 were generated using both AM processes. Porosity and microstructure analyses, magnetic-inductive ferrite and Vickers hardness measurements, tensile and Charpy impacts tests, fracture analysis, critical pitting corrosion temperature measurements and Huey tests were performed on specimens in the AB and HT states.
Findings
Correlations between the microstructural aspects and the resulting functional properties (mechanical properties and corrosion resistance) were demonstrated and compared. The mechanical properties of DED-LB/M specimens in both material conditions fulfilled the alloy specifications of 1.4462. Owing to the low ductility and toughness of PBF-LB/M specimens in the AB state, a post-process heat treatment was required to exceed the minimum alloy specification limits. Furthermore, the homogenization heat treatment significantly improved the corrosion resistance of DED- and PBF-processed 1.4462.
Originality/value
This study fulfills the need to investigate the complex relationships between process characteristics and the resulting material properties of additively manufactured DSS.