The purpose of this paper is to investigate the friction and wear performance of pure polycarbonate (PC) and 5-30 per cent wollastonite-filled (by weight) PC were comparatively…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the friction and wear performance of pure polycarbonate (PC) and 5-30 per cent wollastonite-filled (by weight) PC were comparatively evaluated under dry sliding conditions. Wear tests were carried out at room temperature under the loads of 5-20 N and at the sliding speeds of 0.5-1.5 m/s.
Design/methodology/approach
The microstructures of the wollastonite, pure PC and composites were examined by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The friction and wear tests were realized using a pin-on-disk arrangement against the hardened AISI 4140 steel.
Findings
The result of this study indicated that the coefficients of friction wear rate of the materials were significantly influenced by an increase in wollastonite content. The friction coefficient of the PC was getting decreased from 0.457 to 0.198 with an increase in wollastonite content, depending on applied loads and sliding speeds. On the other hand, the results showed that the wear rates of pure PC and wollastonite-filled PCs decreased with an increase in loads. The wear rate of the PC decreased from 1.2 × 10−6 to 8.7 × 10−6 mm3/m with an increase in wollastonite content, depending on applied loads.
Originality/value
There are many reports which deal with the friction and wear performance of the polymers and polymer composites. However, the effect of wollastonite effect on tribological performance of PC has up to now not been extensively researched.
Yun Zhong Hu, Botao Zhong, Hanbin Luo and Hai Meng Hu
The purpose of this paper is to explore the feasibility that an ontological approach can be applied to formalize the construction regulation constraint knowledge in a…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the feasibility that an ontological approach can be applied to formalize the construction regulation constraint knowledge in a computer-interpretable way, for construction quality checking, during construction stage.
Design/methodology/approach
The ontological and semantic web technologies are used to model the construction quality constraints knowledge into Axioms/OWL and SWRL rules. Protégé platform is selected to illustrate how the construction quality checking, based on the Axioms/OWL and SWRL rules, is achieved.
Findings
The ontology and semantic web technologies can be an alternative way for modeling the construction regulation constraints in a computer-interpretable way, and can be implemented for the regulation-based construction quality checking.
Research limitations/implications
The approach is illustrated only with given specific technical constraints examples, the generality and practicality of the approach need further investigation.
Originality/value
The paper introduces an ontological and semantic approach to model and formalize the construction regulation constraints for construction quality checking, and proves the feasibility by the case studies. The proposed approach enables the regulations can be understood and retrieved semantically by computers, which facilitates the using of regulation codes.
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This study establishes an ontology-based framework for rework risk identification (RRI) by integrating heterogeneous data from the information flow of the prefabricated…
Abstract
Purpose
This study establishes an ontology-based framework for rework risk identification (RRI) by integrating heterogeneous data from the information flow of the prefabricated construction (PC) process. The main objective is to enhance the automation level of rework management and reduce the degree of reliance on human factors and manual operations.
Design/methodology/approach
The proposed framework comprises four levels aimed at managing dispersed rework risk knowledge and integrating heterogeneous data. The functionalities were realised through an integrated ontology that aligned the rework risk ontology with the PC ontology. The ontologies were developed and edited with Protégé. Ultimately, the potential benefit of the framework was validated through a case study and an expert questionnaire survey.
Findings
The framework is proven to effectively manage rework risk knowledge and can identify risk objects, clarify risk factors, determine risk events, and retrieve risk measures, thereby enabling the pre-identification of prefabricated rework risk (PRR) and improving the automation level. This study is meaningful and lays the foundation for the application of other computer methods in rework management research and practice in the future.
Originality/value
This research provides insights into the application of ontology to solve rework risk issues in the PC process and introduces a novel risk management method for future prefabricated project research and practice. The findings have significant theoretical value in terms of enriching the methods of risk assessment and control and the information management system of prefabricated projects.
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Almudena Otegui Carles, José Antonio Fraiz Brea and Noelia Araújo Vila
It is imperative to develop studies on robotics through a gender lens, as gender equality is crucial for advancing innovations within the field of tourism and hospitality. This…
Abstract
Purpose
It is imperative to develop studies on robotics through a gender lens, as gender equality is crucial for advancing innovations within the field of tourism and hospitality. This paper aims to open new research questions based on the concept of gender stereotypes in robotics in the field of tourism and hospitality, critically examining how gender and gender stereotypes are being addressed in the current state of knowledge.
Design/methodology/approach
Conceptual papers focus on analysing concepts, approaching problems to address “what’s new” and highlighting directions for future thinking. They contribute fresh perspectives to traditional problems. Despite their potential to broaden our thinking, conceptual papers in tourism research are limited.
Findings
The importance of the concept of gender stereotypes in robotics in the field of tourism and hospitality presented in this conceptual paper is evident in recognising that robotics poses numerous ethical challenges aimed at preventing the replication and perpetuation of gendered norms, biases, prejudices and stereotypes prevalent in society. Overlooking these aspects during the design and utilisation of robots could inadvertently amplify discriminatory biases, enable abusive behaviours and contribute to the continued objectification of female workers within the tourism and hospitality sector.
Originality/value
While the concept of gender stereotypes in robotics is not novel, what is indeed novel is the untested relationship between gender stereotypes in robotics and the field of tourism and hospitality. Additionally, the context in which this relationship is presented is fresh, as it has typically been discussed in relation to customer acceptance, believability, perceived quality or satisfaction in interactions with robots. However, this paper’s distinctiveness lies in its exploration of the potential impact of robotics on either reducing or exacerbating gender stereotypes within society.
研究目的
通过性别视角研究机器人技术是至关重要的, 因为性别平等对于推动旅游和酒店业的创新至关重要。本文的目标是基于旅游和酒店业机器人中的性别刻板印象这一概念, 提出新的研究问题, 批判性地审视当前知识状态中如何处理性别及性别刻板印象。
研究方法
概念性论文侧重于分析概念, 提出问题以解决“有什么新意”, 并指出未来思考的方向。它们为传统问题提供了新视角。尽管它们有潜力拓宽我们的思维, 但在旅游研究中, 概念性论文仍较为有限。
研究发现
本文提出的关于旅游与酒店业机器人性别刻板印象这一概念的重要性在于, 认识到机器人技术带来了诸多伦理挑战, 旨在防止复制和延续社会中普遍存在的性别规范、偏见、成见和刻板印象。在设计和使用机器人时忽视这些方面, 可能会无意中放大歧视性偏见, 助长不良行为, 并继续物化旅游和酒店业中的女性员工。
研究创新
尽管机器人中的性别刻板印象并非新概念, 但新颖之处在于尚未验证机器人性别刻板印象与旅游和酒店业之间的关系。此外, 讨论这一关系的语境也是全新的, 通常这类讨论围绕客户接受度、可信度、感知质量或与机器人互动的满意度展开。然而, 本论文的独特性在于探索机器人技术对减少或加剧社会中的性别刻板印象的潜在影响。
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Vineeth Dharmapalan, William J. O’Brien, Douglas Morrice and Minhyuk Jung
Stakeholders of construction projects exhibit different perceptions regarding the visibility of materials in the supply chain, which affects the timely delivery and installation…
Abstract
Purpose
Stakeholders of construction projects exhibit different perceptions regarding the visibility of materials in the supply chain, which affects the timely delivery and installation of materials. This study aims to quantitatively investigate the differences in viewpoints of owners, contractors, designers and suppliers about the visibility of materials at supply chain locations and different material types during the construction of industrial projects.
Design/methodology/approach
Survey data about visibility at nine typical supply chain locations and three common material types were collected from owner, contractor, designer and supplier groups and analyzed using frequency statistics, relative importance index and tests for equality of odds.
Findings
Offsite Tier-2 supplier, ports and kitting site shows the lowest visibility level for the owner, contractor, supplier and designer groups. Also, the supplier group tends to have adequate to extreme visibility at the Tier-2 supplier, kitting site and during transportation compared to owner, contractor and designer groups. An example finding concerning the visibility of material types is that owners and contractors perceive prefabricated material requires higher visibility than all other material types.
Research limitations/implications
The findings are limited to construction projects in the industrial sector. Further, the survey participants were based in North America at the time of participation.
Practical implications
The study’s findings indicate how visibility is spread across supply chain locations and for material types for the owners, contractors, suppliers and designers of industrial projects. As such, academia and industry’s research and investment efforts can be more focused on locations and material types that need improvement.
Social implications
Industrial projects play an essential part in improving society’s daily lives, and this study’s findings contribute to improving the efficiency of the supply chain during construction of industrial projects.
Originality/value
Although previous studies mentioned the need and importance of visibility improvement, none have sought to understand the perception of leading supply chain stakeholders about visibility at supply chain locations and of material types. This study’s findings provide specific insights and directions for advancing in these areas with regard to supply chain visibility.
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Usman Talat, Kirk Chang and Bang Nguyen
The purpose of this paper is to review intuition in the context of organizational change. The authors argue that intuition as a concept requires attention and its formulation is…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to review intuition in the context of organizational change. The authors argue that intuition as a concept requires attention and its formulation is necessary prior to its application in organizations. The paper provides a critique of dual process theory and highlights shortcomings in organization theorizing of intuition.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper is conceptual and provides in-depth theoretical discussions by drawing from the literature on decision and intuition in the context of organizational change.
Findings
Investigating whether dual process theory is sufficiently clear, the authors found ambiguity. Specifically, the current definition provided by Dane and Pratt is not clear in terms of its four sections: the consciousness of non-conscious processing, involving holistic associations, that are produced rapidly, which result in affectively charged judgments. Finally, the authors note that the evolutionary perspective is missing and they provide foundational concepts for such a perspective, including the discussion of information templates, memes and genes, as argued by research, condition intuition.
Originality/value
The paper finds that an evolutionary perspective develops a picture of intuition as an adaptive resource. This evolutionary perspective is currently absent in research and the authors provide foundational concepts for such a perspective. They propose specific arguments to highlight the evolutionary perspective.
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Ibrahim Motawa and Abdulkareem Almarshad
The next generation of Building Information Modelling (BIM) seeks to establish the concept of Building Knowledge Modelling (BKM). The current BIM applications in construction…
Abstract
Purpose
The next generation of Building Information Modelling (BIM) seeks to establish the concept of Building Knowledge Modelling (BKM). The current BIM applications in construction, including those for asset management, have been mainly used to ensure consistent information exchange among the stakeholders. However, BKM needs to utilise knowledge management (KM) techniques into building models to advance the use of these systems. The purpose of this paper is to develop an integrated system to capture, retrieve, and manage information/knowledge for one of the key operations of asset management: building maintenance (BM).
Design/methodology/approach
The proposed system consists of two modules; BIM module to capture relevant information and case-based reasoning (CBR) module to capture the operational knowledge of maintenance activities. The structure of the CBR module was based on analysis of a number of interviews and case studies conducted with professionals working in public BM departments. This paper discusses the development of the CBR module and its integration with the BIM module. The case retaining function of the developed system identifies the information/knowledge relevant to maintenance cases and pursues the related affected building elements by these cases.
Findings
The paper concludes that CBR as a tool for KM can improve the performance of BIM models.
Originality/value
As the research in BKM is still relatively immature, this research takes an advanced step by incorporating the intelligent functions of knowledge systems into BIM-based systems which helps the transformation from the conventional BIM to BKM.
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The purpose of this paper is to present a strategic overview of the current literature on “Building information modelling (BIM) for Building Refurbishment and Maintenance” to…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a strategic overview of the current literature on “Building information modelling (BIM) for Building Refurbishment and Maintenance” to unfold the factors behind the relative underdeveloped state of the field and to contribute to the development of a more cumulative knowledge base by presenting the current status and suggesting future directions for research.
Design/methodology/approach
A systematic review of the literature has been undertaken by classifying and mapping the literature, identifying the input-output relations, exhibiting the areas focused on by researchers as well as neglected ones and by indicating the trends in research through the years. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis is used in the study to better interpret the existing studies in a holistic perspective.
Findings
Although the need for BIM in facility management (FM) has been acknowledged by researchers and practitioners, the results highlight that studies related to BIM applications in maintenance and especially refurbishment are relatively recent. However, the trend in published articles shows that the interest is continuously growing. Existing research in this field can be clustered in the following subtopics: (1) building survey and as-built BIM, (2) modelling and managing energy, (3) design assessment, (4) access to and integration of maintenance information and knowledge, and (5) information exchange and interoperability.
Originality/value
The paper identifies the gaps in the research domain that hinders a widespread adoption of BIM in refurbishment and maintenance stages and introduces roadmaps to surmount the challenges identified in each specific subtopic of the field.
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The purpose of the paper is to study the relevance of macroprudential policies (MPPs) in influencing bank lending in small open economies with dual banking systems.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of the paper is to study the relevance of macroprudential policies (MPPs) in influencing bank lending in small open economies with dual banking systems.
Design/methodology/approach
In the analysis, the author employed the dynamic panel data methodology as compared to alternate techniques since it is able to address potential endogeneity challenges.
Findings
Using quarterly data from the period 2002–2020, the author finds that MPPs are highly effective in containing the growth of public credit, whereas its impact on private credit is much less effective. The disaggregated findings reveal that macroprudential measures are less effective in containing the growth of private credit by Islamic banks.
Originality/value
The majority of studies on MPPs are focused on emerging and advanced economies, limiting their policy appeal from the standpoint of small open economies. In this connection, this paper contributes to the literature on the relevance of such policies for a small open economy with a dual banking system and significant hydrocarbon exports. The paper's analysis therefore holds relevance for similar economies, both in the region and elsewhere, on the role and relevance of MPPs with emphasis on Islamic banks.