Vibhash Kumar, Sonal Jain and Ajay Kumar Singh
This study investigates the various factors which lead to the higher employer brand and studies the relationship of employer branding (EBR) with essential aspects of corporate…
Abstract
Purpose
This study investigates the various factors which lead to the higher employer brand and studies the relationship of employer branding (EBR) with essential aspects of corporate life, namely, corporate social responsibility (CSR), levels of motivation experienced by employees and the intention to stay (ITS).
Design/methodology/approach
The study solicited a research sample from employees working in five sectors, information technology, hospitality, banking and consulting sector (n = 296). The study employed structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the nomological network of EBR.
Findings
The study underpins the sub-constructs of EBR. A direct positive and significant relationship was found between EBR and CSR and motivation fully mediated between EBR and ITS.
Originality/value
This study uniquely contributes to the literature by exploring the mediating role of motivation on EBR and ITS's relationship. The study validates the nomological network of EBR by considering its various organizational aspects and the corresponding intertwined relationships.
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Priyanka Aggarwal and Ajay Kumar Singh
The purpose of this paper is to comprehensively analyze the corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainability reporting (SR) practices of Indian companies in terms of…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to comprehensively analyze the corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainability reporting (SR) practices of Indian companies in terms of disclosure quantity and quality, and to investigate the differences in SR practices by SR dimension, industry, ownership structure, firm size and profitability.
Design/methodology/approach
Data are collected from annual reports/business responsibility reports (BRR)/CSR/sustainability reports of 60 top-listed companies in India. A comprehensive sustainability reporting index is developed. Content analysis technique is used. Inter-coder reliability is established.
Findings
Altogether, 18 items of the index are not disclosed by the majority of companies in India. SR quality is found significantly lower than the SR quantity. Moreover, SR practices significantly differ by dimension/category, industry-type and firm-size but are not influenced by ownership structure. However, the study fails to establish any conclusive relationship between SR and profitability.
Practical implications
The present study has several implications for corporates, practitioners, policymakers and stakeholders. The findings underscore the need for amendments in the Global Reporting Initiative guidelines and BRR framework of the Securities and Exchange Board of India to avoid patchy disclosures and ensure complete reporting by companies.
Originality/value
This study is among the foremost studies in India evaluating SR practices of top-listed companies in the wake of the mandatory BRR requirement from a quantitative as well as qualitative perspective using a multidimensional index.
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Minakshi Koundal, Ajay Kumar Singh and Chhaya Sharma
This paper aims to investigate the eco-friendly neodymium tartrate (NdTar) inhibitor for mild steel in sodium chloride (NaCl) solution.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the eco-friendly neodymium tartrate (NdTar) inhibitor for mild steel in sodium chloride (NaCl) solution.
Design/methodology/approach
The mild steel 1010 coupon was considered for the current study. Weight loss and the electrochemical methods were used to evaluate the inhibitory effects of neodymium chloride (NdCl3) and NdTar on mild steel in NaCl solution. Scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy measurements were carried out to study the morphology and composition of the film, nature of deposits and corrosion products formed in test media on the corroded steel, with the objective of further analyzing the observed behavior of the two inhibitors.
Findings
Of the two, NdTar performs better than NdCl3 because it shields mild steel surfaces for longer. According to the results, when NdCl3 is present in a corrosive solution, the protective film only comprises Nd/Fe oxide/hydroxide/carbonate. However, when neodymium is coupled with the tartrate group (an organic group) and then added to the NaCl solution, the inhibitor film comprises both bimetallic complexes (Fe-Tar-Nd) and metal oxide/hydroxide/carbonate, which results in a more compact film and has higher inhibition efficiency.
Originality/value
This study evaluated the combined effects of inorganic and organic inhibitors with those of an inorganic inhibitor used alone for mild steel in NaCl solution.
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This study aims to develop a compact analytical models for undoped symmetric double-gate MOSFET based on carrier approach. Double-Gate (DG) MOSFET is a newly emerging device that…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to develop a compact analytical models for undoped symmetric double-gate MOSFET based on carrier approach. Double-Gate (DG) MOSFET is a newly emerging device that can potentially further scale down CMOS technology owing to its excellent control of short channel effects, ideal subthreshold slope and free dopant-associated fluctuation effects. DG MOSFET is of two types: the symmetric DG MOSFET with two gates of identical work functions and asymmetric DG MOSFET with two gates of different work functions. To fully exploit the benefits of DG MOSFETs, the body of DG MOSFETs is usually undoped because the undoped body greatly reduces source and drain junction capacitances, which enhances the switching speed. Highly accurate and compact models, which are at the same time computationally efficient, are required for proper modeling of DG MOSFETs.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper presents a carrier-based approach to develop a compact analytical model for the channel potential, threshold voltage and drain current of a long channel undoped symmetric DG MOSFETs. The formulation starts from a solution of the 2-D Poisson’s equation in which mobile charge term has been included. The 2-D Poisson’s equation in rectangular coordinate system has been solved by splitting the total potential into long-channel (1-D Poisson’s equation) and short-channel components (remnant 2-D differential equation) in accordance to the device physics. The analytical model of the channel potential has been derived using Boltzmann’s statistics and carrier-based approach.
Findings
It is shown that the metal gate suppresses the center potential more than the poly gate. The threshold voltage increases with increasing metal work function. The results of the proposed models have been validated against the Technology Computer Aided Design simulation results with close agreement.
Originality/value
Compact Analytical models for undoped symmetric double gate MOSFETs.
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Reena Sachan and Ajay Kumar Singh
The purpose of this study is to investigate microbial influenced corrosion of steel because of iron oxidizing bacteria (IOB).
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate microbial influenced corrosion of steel because of iron oxidizing bacteria (IOB).
Design/methodology/approach
Carbon steel was selected for this study. Winogradsky media was used for isolation of IOB and as test solution for corrosion measurements. Electrochemical tests and immersion test were conducted to estimate the corrosion rate and extent of pitting. The corroded surface was analysed by SEM and corrosion products formed over the metal surface were identified by XRD and Fourier transformed infrared. Biofilm formed over the corroded metal was analysed by UV-visible spectroscopy for its extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) constituents.
Findings
Presence of IOB in Winogradsky medium enhances corrosion. Uniform and localized corrosion increases with increased bacterial concentration and EPS constituents of the biofilm. Iron sulphite formation as one of the corrosion products has been suggested to be responsible for increased corrosion attack in the inoculated media in comparison to control media where corrosion product observed is iron hydrogen phosphate which is protective in nature.
Originality/value
This work correlates increased corrosion of steel in the presence of bacteria with the nature of corrosion products formed over it in case of IOB. Formation of corrosion products is governed by various electrochemical reactions; hence, inhibition of such reactions may lead to reduce or stop the formation of such products which enhances corrosion and thereby may reduce the extent of microbial induced corrosion.
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C.M.R. Prabhu and Ajay Kumar Singh
Low power static‐random access memories (SRAM) has become a critical component in modern VLSI systems. In cells, the bit‐lines are the most power consuming components because of…
Abstract
Purpose
Low power static‐random access memories (SRAM) has become a critical component in modern VLSI systems. In cells, the bit‐lines are the most power consuming components because of larger power dissipation in driving long bit‐line with large capacitance. The cache write consumes considerable large power due to full voltage swing on the bit‐line. The aim of the paper is to propose a new SRAM cell architecture to reduce the power consumption during write 0 and write 1 operation.
Design/methodology/approach
The proposed circuit includes two tail transistors in the pull‐down path of inv‐A and inv‐B. The simulated results of the proposed cell is compared with Conventional 6T SRAM cell and zero‐asymmetric SRAM cell.
Findings
The proposed SRAM cell consumes less power than the conventional SRAM cell during write operation. The write access delay is reported to be lower than conventional and ZA SRAMs in the proposed circuit. The read operation is similar to Conventional SRAM cell but due to tail transistors the read access delay and stability is poor in the present circuit which can be improved by careful transistors sizing.
Originality/value
The paper proposes a SRAM cell to reduce the power in write “0” as well as write “1”operation by introducing two tail transistors.
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Ajay K. Jain, Sabir I. Giga and Cary L. Cooper
The purpose of this paper is to identify the impact of organizational stressors on organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB) and how perceived organizational support (POS) will…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify the impact of organizational stressors on organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB) and how perceived organizational support (POS) will moderate in the relationship between stressors and citizenship behavior.
Design/methodology/approach
The sample for this research involves operators from call center organizations located around the national capital of India. A questionnaire survey was carried out involving 402 operator level employees from five different organizations.
Findings
The results highlight a significant negative relationship between organizational stressors and OCB, a significant positive relationship between POS and OCB, and confirmation that POS moderates in the relationship between organizational stressors and OCB.
Research limitations/implications
This research has been carried out in an emerging economy and in a sector which is seen as an attractive area of work. However, as this study is limited to the BPO sector in India, these results may not be generalized to other areas such as the public and manufacturing sectors and in other national contexts. Future research in this area should also consider using different data collection approaches to maximize participation and enrich findings.
Practical implications
The analysis suggests that change management initiatives in organizations may not be implemented as effectively as they can under high stressor conditions because employee extra‐role work behavior and commitment may not be at full capacity.
Originality/value
There is limited research examining the relationship between organizational stressors and OCB in the presence of POS, especially within high demand environments such as the Indian BPO sector.
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Ravindra Singh, Vimal Kumar, Sumanjeet Singh, Ajay Dwivedi and Sanjeev Kumar
The present study investigates the impact of digital entrepreneurial education and training and its impact on the digital entrepreneurial intention (EI) through the mediating…
Abstract
Purpose
The present study investigates the impact of digital entrepreneurial education and training and its impact on the digital entrepreneurial intention (EI) through the mediating character of entrepreneurial competence.
Design/methodology/approach
A total of 391 survey responses were collected from employees using convenient and snowball sampling methods.
Findings
Digital entrepreneurial education and training showed a positive influence on entrepreneurial competence and EI, with entrepreneurial competence mediating the relationship between digital entrepreneurial education and training practices and EI.
Research limitations/implications
This study is intended to assist the development of digital entrepreneurs. The implications of this study are also useful for governments, entrepreneurs, venture capitalists, angel investors and various international development institutions.
Originality/value
The novelty of this study relates to exploring the relationship between digital entrepreneurial education and training, entrepreneurial competence and digital EI.
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Sanjay Kumar Singh and Ajai Pratap Singh
The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to examine relevant organizational “human” aspects that support circular economy (CE); and second, to investigate the influence of…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to examine relevant organizational “human” aspects that support circular economy (CE); and second, to investigate the influence of perception of organizational justice (OJ), psychological empowerment on job satisfaction (JS) through mediating role of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB).
Design/methodology/approach
The study used survey questionnaire. The data were statistically analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) to test hypotheses of the study.
Findings
OJ positively and significantly influences psychological empowerment. Also, it was found that OCB and psychological empowerment to positively and significantly influence JS. Furthermore, OCB positively and significantly mediates the influence of OJ and psychological empowerment on JS.
Practical implications
Employees should be provided with fair and empowering environment to derive positive outcomes in terms of organizational citizenship behavior and JS. The study also suggests recognizing the importance of OCB in an organization to enhance JS and support CE.
Originality/value
The study presents empirical evidence in Indian context on how to encourage employees to display voluntary job behaviors and keep them job satisfied.
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Ajay Kumar and Anil Kumar Kashyap
Shopping motivation has been extensively explored in traditional marketing context but less in online shopping. Utilitarian attribute of online shopping is one of the success…
Abstract
Purpose
Shopping motivation has been extensively explored in traditional marketing context but less in online shopping. Utilitarian attribute of online shopping is one of the success factors of e-retailing. The purpose of this paper is to explore the utilitarian shopping motivation in online shopping and validate these factors through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in the Indian context.
Design/methodology/approach
The data were collected from the 183 regular online shoppers. The collected data were analysed through exploratory factor analysis and CFA using Amos 22 version.
Findings
This paper explored the utilitarian shopping motivation of online shopping into five factors, i.e. information availability, accessibility, searchability, product availability and convenience.
Research limitations/implications
The research is conducted on online shoppers to measure their utilitarian motives of shopping online. Further research may be conducted to investigate other motives of online shopping. The sample is taken from Central India which is not enough to generalise the findings. Research may be conducted in other regions and on different segment of respondents to know the impact of geographical variance on utilitarian perspectives of online shoppers.
Originality/value
This paper addresses a significant input in online retailing platform, and it will contribute to the theory of shopping motivations in online shopping context and provide valuable inputs for developing online marketing strategies. The findings of the study also aid to retail practitioners in analysing retailing’s current transformation due to digitalization.