Serge Evraert and Ahmed Riahi‐Belkaoui
Provides a useful summary of research on value added (VA) reporting and shows how income statements can be rearranged to show gross or not (of depreciation) VA. Starts with…
Abstract
Provides a useful summary of research on value added (VA) reporting and shows how income statements can be rearranged to show gross or not (of depreciation) VA. Starts with descriptive research on its use in various countries, enumerates its advantages and limitations and goes on to review empirical research on VA firm performance, the informational content of VA (as against conventional) data in market valuation and its predictive ability. Suggests that VA disclosure should be mandatory in the USA and calls for further research on its usefulness.
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Fudenberg and Tirole (1995) argue that concern about job security creates an incentive for managers to smooth earnings. Consistent with their model, Defond and Park (1997) show…
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Fudenberg and Tirole (1995) argue that concern about job security creates an incentive for managers to smooth earnings. Consistent with their model, Defond and Park (1997) show that managers smooth earnings in consideration of both current and future relative performance. To provide a more direct evidence of anticipating smoothing and job security, we hypothesize that the extent of income smoothing will vary with managers' job security concerns as proxied by the level of the investment opportunity set or growth opportunities. Our results confirmed our predictions.
Based on the idea that insiders (i.e., managers and controlling shareholders) engage in earnings management to mask their diversion and rent seeking activities from outsiders…
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Based on the idea that insiders (i.e., managers and controlling shareholders) engage in earnings management to mask their diversion and rent seeking activities from outsiders, this paper presents international evidence supporting both a “diversion hypothesis” where earnings management is decreasing in economic freedom, and a “penalty hypothesis” where earnings management is increasing in human development.
Fouad K. AlNajjar and Ahmed Riahi‐Belkaoui
Summarizes previous research on factors affecting the market value of a firm’s equity and puts forward a mathematical model based on the idea that its investment opportunity set…
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Summarizes previous research on factors affecting the market value of a firm’s equity and puts forward a mathematical model based on the idea that its investment opportunity set is positively related to reputation, multinationality, size and profitability; and negatively related to leverage and systematic risk. Tests this on 1987‐1993 data on US multinational companies, explains the methods used and shows that the relationship is as hypothesized, although the results depend on the choice of surrogate measures for the variables. Calls for further research.
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Ellen Pavlik and Ahmed Riahi‐Belkaoui
Following the recognition of the separation of ownership and control in the large firm espoused by Berle and Means (1932), a debate ensued on the possible effect of such…
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Following the recognition of the separation of ownership and control in the large firm espoused by Berle and Means (1932), a debate ensued on the possible effect of such separation on the value/or performance of the large firm. This controversy was evidenced in both theoretical and empirical studies on the relation between the allocation of shares among managers and non‐managers, and corporate value/or performance (Jensen and Meckling, 1976; Stulz, 1988; Morck, Schleifer and Vishny, 1988; Demsetz and Lehn, 1985; Holderness and Sheehan, 1985; Hermalin and Weisbad, 1987; and Riahi‐Belkaoui and Pavlik, 1992). Empirical studies focused specifically on the relationship between Tobin Q or accounting‐based profit measures of performance, and equity ownership, yielding mixed results.
The article hypothesizes that the level of corporate social responsibility affects both the informativeness of earnings and the magnitude of discretionary accounting accrual…
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The article hypothesizes that the level of corporate social responsibility affects both the informativeness of earnings and the magnitude of discretionary accounting accrual adjustments. The hypothesis exploits: (1) the positive relationship between corporate social responsibility and firms’ risk-return profiles; and (2) managers’ incentives in using discretionary accounting accrual adjustments. Results show that corporate social responsibility is positively associated with earnings’ explanatory power for returns and related to the magnitude of accounting accrual adjustments.
Ahmed Riahi‐Belkaoui and Ronald D. Picur
This study investigates the usefulness of net value added in explaining stock returns of a sample of US firms. The results provide evidence that current and past levels of net…
Abstract
This study investigates the usefulness of net value added in explaining stock returns of a sample of US firms. The results provide evidence that current and past levels of net value added or current and past levels of changes in net value added are associated with stock returns. A case may be made for the disclosure of value added information by US firms.
Ahmed Riahi Belkaoui and M. Ali Fekrat
The American Accounting Association (AAA) Committee on Accounting and Auditing Measurement (1991) had recommended that value added be considered for mandatory disclosure in the US…
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The American Accounting Association (AAA) Committee on Accounting and Auditing Measurement (1991) had recommended that value added be considered for mandatory disclosure in the US in addition to the income and cash flow statements. This study examines empirically the relative merits of derived performance indicator numbers from value added reporting, accrual accounting and cash flow accounting. The results show that the derived performance indicator numbers based on net value added had lower variability and higher persistency than corresponding numbers based on either earnings or cash flows of 673 US firms for the 1981–1990 period. These results and other related considerations argue strongly in favor of the recommendation of the AAA Committee.
This paper examines how accounting quality, as measured by earnings opacity, affects the stock market wealth effect, which in turn is shown to be linked to economic growth. Stock…
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This paper examines how accounting quality, as measured by earnings opacity, affects the stock market wealth effect, which in turn is shown to be linked to economic growth. Stock market wealth effect is negatively affected by earnings opacity. The data also indicate that the exogenous component of the stock market wealth effect — the component defined by earnings opacity‐ is positively associated with economic growth. The direct effect of earnings opacity on economic growth is, as expected negative, but insignificant.
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Fouad AlNajjar and Ahmed Riahi‐Belkaoui
Uses previous research on firms’ potential investment (i.e. growth) opportunities, profitability and political cost/risk to suggest that a high level of growth opportunities may…
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Uses previous research on firms’ potential investment (i.e. growth) opportunities, profitability and political cost/risk to suggest that a high level of growth opportunities may encourage managers to use income reducing accruals. Tests this on 1987‐1990 data from a sample of US multinationals classified into high or low growth groups. Explains the methods used to estimate discretionary accruals and to measure the investment opportunity set. Presents the results which suggest that discretionary accruals are higher in high growth firms; and support the political cost hypothesis of Watts and Zimmerman (1978) and the political risk hypothesis of Monti‐Belkaoui et al (1999)