Search results

The purpose of the paper is to conduct a numerical and experimental investigation into the properties of nanofluids containing spherical nanoparticles of random sizes flowing through a porous medium. The study aims to understand how the thermophysical properties of the nanofluid are affected by factors such as nanoparticle volume fraction, permeability of the porous medium, and pore size. The paper provides insights into the behavior of nanofluids in complex environments and explores the impact of varying conditions on key properties such as thermal conductivity, density, viscosity, and specific heat. Ultimately, the research contributes to the broader understanding of nanofluid dynamics and has potential implications for engineering and industrial applications in porous media.

This paper investigates nanofluids with spherical nanoparticles in a porous medium, exploring thermal conductivity, density, specific heat, and dynamic viscosity. Studying three compositions, the analysis employs the classical Maxwell model and Koo and Kleinstreuer’s approach for thermal conductivity, considering particle shape and temperature effects. Density and specific heat are defined based on mass and volume ratios. Dynamic viscosity models, including Brinkman’s and Gherasim et al.'s, are discussed. Numerical simulations, implemented in Python using the Langevin model, yield results processed in Origin Pro. This research enhances understanding of nanofluid behavior, contributing valuable insights to porous media applications.

This study involves a numerical examination of nanofluid properties, featuring spherical nanoparticles of varying sizes suspended in a base fluid with known density, flowing through a porous medium. Experimental findings reveal a notable increase in thermal conductivity, density, and viscosity as the volume fraction of particles rises. Conversely, specific heat experiences a decrease with higher particle volume concentration.xD; xA; The influence of permeability and pore size on particle volume fraction variation is a key focus. Interestingly, while the permeability of the medium has a significant effect, it is observed that it increases with permeability. This underscores the role of the medium’s nature in altering the thermophysical properties of nanofluids.

This paper presents a novel numerical study on nanofluids with randomly sized spherical nanoparticles flowing in a porous medium. It explores the impact of porous medium properties on nanofluid thermophysical characteristics, emphasizing the significance of permeability and pore size. The inclusion of random nanoparticle sizes adds practical relevance. Contrasting trends are observed, where thermal conductivity, density, and viscosity increase with particle volume fraction, while specific heat decreases. These findings offer valuable insights for engineering applications, providing a deeper understanding of nanofluid behavior in porous environments and guiding the design of efficient systems in various industrial contexts.

This paper aims to investigate the heritage management of the Algerian medinas subject to standardized safeguarding plans, referring only to the general community model, and then ignoring their particularities. Two medinas were selected as a case study: Annaba and Constantine.

Several methodologies of a descriptive historical issue and an exploratory study approach were used to determine the physical and cultural values of the two medinas. The objective is to see to what extent the medinas can be claimed as a place of affirmation and diffusion of urbanity.

On the basis of the results obtained, this work aims to articulate the tangible and intangible heritage as two inseparable dimensions to rethink the heritage of the Algerian medinas, taking into account the specificities and peculiarities of each of them.

This paper responds to an identified need to examine the issue of identity as a new approach that depends on the available characteristics of the historic center and the way in which planners and decision-makers use these resources as a guideline for implementing a new vision of safeguarding.

Breakfast skipping by children, with its varying global prevalence and associated factors, is well documented to adversely affect their health, cognitive ability, academic performance and anthropometric status. Libya, a country with a young population base, has limited information on breakfast skipping prevalence among its young citizens as well as its compounding factors unique to the country. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the breakfast skipping pattern among Benghazi primary school children.

The paper's approach is to use a cross sectional study among 386 primary school children (196 males and 190 females) using an interviewer‐administered structured questionnaire. The enrolment exclusion criteria were a pre‐existing chronic disease or a food allergy or food intolerance or any acute illness.

Breakfast skipping during weekdays (38.6 per cent, n=149), reduced drastically on weekends (1.0 per cent, n=4); 10.7 per cent subjects skipped breakfast daily (mean 2.5 + 1.3 days). Absence of hunger and lack of time to eat or prepare breakfast were cited as main barriers in its regular consumption. Bread and milk were the most commonly consumed breakfast foods. Certain groups of regular breakfast eating subjects consumed higher (p < 0.05) dietary thiamine and iron than their breakfast skipping counterparts and also better fulfilled their daily requirements for these nutrients. Parental breakfast eating habits influenced their children's breakfast eating pattern.

Efforts, including better time management, are required to inculcate a positive breakfast eating attitude among Benghazi primary school children. Their parents need to act as better role models by adopting healthy breakfast eating practices themselves.

The paper shows that breakfast skipping among Benghazi primary school children is a nutritional problem of grave concern, warranting a public health intervention.

Shariah Board (SB) is considered as a typical corporate governance mechanism for the Islamic banking system. This board takes the responsibilities of assuring the compliance of transactions and operations with Islamic rules and principles. The purpose of this paper is to measure the SB quality and examine its moderating effect on the relationship between financial performance and accounting disclosure quality.

This study used a sample of 90 Islamic banks (IBs) during the period 2010-2014. The accounting disclosure quality and the SB quality were measured using self-developed indices. The moderating effect of the SB on the performance/disclosure relationship was examined using the hierarchical regression analysis.

The main finding of this study is related to the negative moderating effect of SB quality on the relationship between performance and disclosure. Accordingly, it can be said that the higher the quality of the SB is, the lesser the performance affects the disclosure. This result seems to indicate that at high level of SB quality, even when the performance decreases, the IBs engage in complying with accounting disclosure requirements in order to inform the stakeholders on the real situation of the bank.

The finding of this study would be of great support to stakeholders and policy makers to make more pressure on IBs to improve the quality of their SB structure and show more compliance with the governance recommendations. As an extension to this study, further research can examine other Islamic governance mechanisms, such as the Internal Shariah Review.

To the authors’ knowledge, there has been a dearth of studies dealing with the empirical examination of the moderating impact of the SB quality on the association between the financial performance and the disclosure quality. Therefore, this study could be considered a tentative contribution to the literature by providing some empirical evidence on the links between these three variables using the moderation regression analysis.

This study measures and compares the level of compliance with the disclosure requirements provided by the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and the Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI). This study also aims to investigate the factors associated with this compliance in a sample of Islamic banks (IBs) in Gulf Cooperation Council member states.

The sample consists of 39 IBs between 2010 and 2014. Among the selected IBs, 23 banks were complying with the AAOIFI standards and 16 banks were complying with the IFRS standards. An unweighted disclosure index was used to measure the level of compliance with IFRS/AAOIFI disclosure requirements.

It was found that the level of compliance with IFRS is higher than that of compliance with AAOIFI. In addition, the results reveal that compliance with IFRS/AAOIFI disclosure requirements is higher for larger and older IBs. Finally, it was observed that compliance was more noticeable for IBs having a higher leverage and multinational subsidiaries.

These findings would be of great help to regulators and policymakers to better understand the accounting disclosure practices of IBs.

This research paper aims to explore the influence of social media–based knowledge-sharing intentions (SMKI) on prospective authentic leadership development (ALD) to deal with the future crisis. In the existing literature, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, there is no significant empirical evidence to test the relationship between SMKI and ALD. Thus, this study contributes to the growing literature regarding the role of SMKIs, ALD, social media–based knowledge-sharing behavior (SMKB) and facilitating conditions (FCs). However, in this study, the authors developed a conceptual framework based on technology adoption and leadership theory. It was used to identify preservice educational leaders’ SMKIs and their effect on ALD to deal with an educational crisis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, SMKIs are strengthening ALD, directly and indirectly, using SMKB and FCs.

In this study, the higher education students are considered preservice leaders who were enrolled in educational leadership and management programs. However, this study’s target population and sample are students enrolled in educational leadership and management programs. Therefore, higher education students are considered preservice educational leaders. Therefore, a multilevel questionnaire survey approach was adopted to collect data from preservice educational leaders (n = 451 at Time 1 and n = 398 at Time 2) enrolled in education departments in the selected universities in Pakistan. A total of 398 survey questionnaires were finalized with a return ratio of 89%. The partial least square structural equation modeling with SmartPLS 3.2.8 was used for the data analysis.

This research found that SMKIs are positively and significantly connected with ALD. This study also confirms that SMKB significantly and positively mediates the relationship between SMKIs and ALD. Therefore, this study concludes that preservice educational leaders were ready to adopt SMKB.

Social media–based knowledge sharing can be helpful to develop authentic leadership among preservice educational leaders during a crisis. Preservice educational leaders as authentic leaders can prove to be an asset in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic crisis.

This research integrated the technology adoption model and leadership theory to provide empirical evidence of SMKIs’ direct and indirect influence on ALD through social media–based knowledge-sharing actual use behavior by preservice educational leaders during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, the moderated mediating effect of the FCs was also studied in the relationship between SMKIs and actual user behavior as well as ALD.

This study aims to investigate the impact of trust in the metaverse on the Islamic banking sector, particularly in facilitating market success. Additionally, it seeks to explore the relationship between metaverse-driven brand image, product features, service quality and overall performance in the market.

Data were collected from 187 participants in Jordan, with the SmartPLS software used to test the hypotheses.

The findings reveal a significant impact of metaverse-enhanced brand image, product features and service quality on Islamic banking market performance. Furthermore, customer trust in the metaverse plays a significant role in shaping the relationship between product features, service quality and Islamic banking market performance.

The study’s practical implications still suggest the need for a more holistic metaverse-driven approach. Investing in service quality initiatives alone may not adequately build and sustain customer trust in the metaverse. Instead, transparent communication on ethical practices in the metaverse is required to reinforce trust and magnify the positive influence of superior service quality in the metaverse.

This chapter explores the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) from an Islamic Shari'ah-compliant perspective. It provides a comprehensive literature review on CSR with an explicit focus on the Islamic perspective of CSR, Islamic models of CSR, CSR practices in conventional and Islamic banks, and the consequences of CSR to Islamic banks. This chapter's main contribution lies in considering the current CSR literature from a Shari'ah perspective. Likewise, it identifies gaps in the current literature and suggests potential areas for future research. This chapter attempts to improve the understanding of how Islamic banks integrate social responsibility into their operations. The insights from this chapter are helpful to practitioners and academic scholars in Islamic finance, accounting, and CSR. This chapter emphasizes the importance of incorporating Islamic values and principles into CSR practices and encourages further research and investigation in this area.

The purpose of this paper is to search for toxic anticorrosive pigments’ substitute in protective coatings is one of the important tasks that the specialists in the field of steel corrosion face.

One of the ways to solve the problem of metal corrosion is to use complex oxides as pigments, which are characterized as low-toxic compounds and possess the ability to inhibit corrosion.

In the production of ferrites, it is possible to use production waste as raw material, and that makes it possible to reduce the price of the resulting product and solve environmental problems simultaneously.

Permanent growth of world production is accompanied by the increasing environment corrosiveness, associated with the intensification of air, water basin and soil pollution by industrial waste. This, as well as the continuously increasing operated metal stock, has recently made the tendency of metals’ total loss from corrosion steadily increasing. All of this points to the importance of studying corrosion processes and the systematic and effective fight against metal corrosion.

Transnational shifts experienced by Syrian refugee young adults disrupt their lives. Many start their journey as children, transition into adolescents often in countries of asylum, and resettle as young adults in countries such as Canada with the dream to rebuild their lives. Too old (+16) for the traditional school cycle, they are encouraged into adult education (AE) as their only choice to complete their high school diplomas to obtain minimum wage jobs or continue to higher education. Their progress through AE continues their destabilization, particularly in terms of their aspirations, hopes and dreams. The authors focus on the educational journeys of this population who have largely been forgotten by policies and programs for refugee integration. Drawing upon 29 interviews with Syrian refugee young adults in Quebec, using a theoretical framework of migration/aspirations and critical race theory, the authors highlight how disruption is perpetuated in their education after their arrival rather than stability.